1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Jährliche medizinische Hilfseinsätze für Kinder mit angeborenen kolorektalen Fehlbildungen in einem Land mit niedrigem mittlerem Einkommen: Herausforderungen und Vorteile für betroffene Familien, örtliches Gesundheitspersonal und freiwillige Helfer in Österreich und Honduras
No full textEinführung
Die beiden Hauptgruppen angeborener kolorektaler Erkrankungen sind anorektale Fehlbildungen (ARM) und Morbus Hirschsprung (HD). Beide Erkrankungen erfordern einen raschen chirurgischen Eingriff, der je nach Art der Fehlbildung entweder die Korrektur der Fehlbildung oder die Anlage eines temporären künstlichen Darmausganges, gefolgt von einer anschließenden geplanten Korrektur der zugrunde liegenden Fehlbildung erfordert. Länder mit geringem Einkommen (LMIC) und Länder mit hohem Einkommen (HIC) stehen vor unterschiedlichen Herausforderungen. Schlechte gesundheitliche Versorgung, geringe Anzahl an medizinischem Personal und reduzierte hygienische Standards sowie ein hoher Anteil an armer Bevölkerung treiben LMIC an den Rand ökonomischer Kapazitäten und erfordern oft Hilfe von ökonomisch stärkeren Ländern. HIC verfügen über eine bessere medizinische Versorgung und Infrastruktur sowie einen höheren Anteil ÄrztInnen pro Bevölkerung, stehen jedoch vor anderen Herausforderungen in der Behandlung seltener Erkrankungen durch die begrenzte Anzahl an Patienten und dem Druck nach Spezialisierung und Zentralisierung.
Methoden
Wir beschreiben die Organisation von MST mit dem Schwerpunkt kolorektaler Kinderchirurgie mit dem Partnerland Honduras und evaluieren die Auswirkung eines künstlichen Darmausganges auf betroffene Familien, erheben dein Einfluss und das Erleben in der Behandlung dieser Erkrankungen durch die freiwilligen Teilnehmer und präsentieren die Ergebnisse eines organisierten Nachsorge-Programms für alle Patienten, die in den letzten Jahren im Rahmen der MST in Honduras behandelt wurden.
Ergebnisse
Ein künstlicher Darmausgang bei Kindern kann zu psychosozialen und ökonomischen Problemen für die gesamte betroffene Familie in Honduras führen. Die freiwillige Teilnahme an den MST hatte positive Auswirkung auf die ChirurgInnen und halfen mit die Kompetenz und Sicherheit in der Behandlung von ARM und HD auch in deren Heimatland zu stärken. Der Großteil aller während der MST behandelten Patienten in Honduras nahmen am Nachsorgeprogramm teil. Die Kurz- und Langzeitergebnisse waren ähnlich zu denen in der Literatur von anderen HIC publizierten Daten.
Fazit
Wir konnten zeigen, dass durch eine enge Partnerschaft mit ortsansässigem Personal die Behandlung von ARM und HD im Rahmen eines MST durchführbar ist. Ein früher Stomaverschluss durch operative Korrektur hat einen positiven Einfluss auf die Familien. Die Erfahrung durch die einzelnen freiwilligen Teilnehmer der MST wirkt sich positiv auf das Kompetenzgefühl auch im Heimatland des Teilnehmers aus. Mit einem strukturiertem Nachsorgeprogramm lassen sich Ergebisse vergleichbar zu denen von HIC erzielen.Introduction
Typical congenital colorectal disorders are anorectal malformations (ARM) and Hirschsprung disease (HD). Both conditions need urgent surgical intervention, and, depending on the type of malformation, a primary surgical correction, or the creation of an ostomy followed by a subsequent planned repair of the underlying malformation. Lower- and lower-middle-income countries (LMIC) and high-income countries (HIC) are facing different challenges. In LMIC depletion of medical resources and infrastructure, limited economic capacity, limited health care professionals urges a need for support to overcome the burden. HIC have better medical supply, infrastructure and a higher ratio of medical professionals per population, but are facing challenges in maintaining competency in the treatment of rare diseases with a limited number of patients. Medical service trips (MST) aim to improve the level of care in LMIC and our group from Austria, organize MST for special pediatric colorectal disorders in Honduras.
Methods
We describe the process of organizing and the issues during the MST to the LMIC Honduras and evaluate the impact of a colostomy to affected families, assess the impact of a MST on the patient care by the participants in the home country and present the results of a structured follow-up program for all the patients treated in Honduras during the MST.
Results
Ostomies in pediatric patients can lead to psychosocial and economic burden in Honduras. Further, the MST had a positive effect on the participants’ feelings of competency above the usual supervised practice at their home clinic and weren't limited to less experienced surgeons. Most of the patients in Honduras were compliant with the follow-up. Our long-term follow-up rate was significantly better than those reported from other MSTs. The results were similar to results published by groups from HIC.
Conclusion
We were able to demonstrate that MST with an organized, dedicated site and surgeon is feasible and beneficial for affected patients and families with pediatric colorectal disorders in resource-limited settings, when a strong partnership with a system of preoperative assessments and peri- and postoperative care can be established. Proper surgical care by improving the level of ostomy care and accelerating surgical repair of the underlying malformation are feasible within structured MST. It can help reduce the social and economic burden of ostomies and improve the confidence in the care and treatment of patients with ARM and HD for participating surgeons, in both the host and the donor country. With a structured follow-up program, results similar to HIC can be achieved.Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des VerfassersMedizinische Universität Wien, Diss., 202
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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