1,720,984 research outputs found
Jose Cisneros v. Corpus Christi Independent School District: Mexican Americans, African Americans, and the failed promise of the desegregation of schools
No full textThis thesis examines the impact of the school desegregation suit Jose Cisneros v. Corpus Christi Independent School District and race relations in Corpus Christi, Texas. The Cisneros case, adds to a growing body of literature on race relations from Jim Crow to the Civil Rights era. In the school desegregation suit, Mexican Americans and African Americans worked together to desegregate the education system. This study examines discriminatory practices against both groups from the 1940s leading up to Cisneros, the courtroom proceedings, and the aftermath of the decision including the reversal of Judge Woodrow Seals’s ruling. However, the legal victory did not translate into the community granting Mexican Americans equal access to education, or including them in the school desegregation process with African Americans. However, this thesis argues that despite their collaborative efforts African Americans benefited from the Cisneros decision as they were more readily able to integrate into white schools
Reform, train, rehabilitate: the history of juvenile incarceration in Texas, 1883 - 1979
No full textThis dissertation analyzes the role that economic interests had on the creation, maintenance, and changes in the juvenile incarceration system from the years 1883 to 1979 under the Texas Prison Board, the Board of Education, the Board of Control, the Texas Youth Development Council, and the Texas Youth Council. While scholars have previously traced the history of juvenile incarceration facilities to the efforts of social reformers of the Women’s Christian Temperance Union in 1886, this dissertation repositions the point of origin of the juvenile system at the Texas penitentiary system in the late 1870s under the planning and lobbying of prison officials. After the creation of the Gatesville House of Correction and Reformatory in 1889, Texas lawmakers, governmental agencies, and facility administrators pressured youthful inmates between the ages of nine and twenty-one to labor for no pay and produce revenue for the state in a system that directly mirrored management practices of the Texas state penitentiary system for adult convicts
American in name, in deed, in truth, and in fact : the multiple meanings of ethnic Mexican citizenship in the United States form 1910 to 1930
No full textThis thesis examines the naturalization of Mexican immigrants from 1910 through 1930 using immigrant opinions of American citizenship and the broad presence of Mexican consuls in the United States to explain why many immigrants were reluctant to naturalize. Additionally, it explains the reasons for the near-doubling of naturalization rates during this period, as Mexican American activist groups such as the Order Sons of America and the League of Latin American Citizens managed to increase the benefits of American citizenship for ethnic Mexicans despite increasing anti-Mexican nativism across the United States. It argues that the years from 1910 through 1930 proved crucial in setting patterns for how Anglo Americans, Mexican Americans, and Mexican immigrants understood the role of ethnic Mexicans in the United States, and how they consequently utilized American citizenship to guide the ethnic Mexican population into the specific roles that they envisioned
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
¡Justicia for Santos!: Mexican American civil rights and the Santos Rodr?guez affair in Dallas, Texas, 1969-1978
No full textOn July 24, 1973, Santos Rodr?guez, a twelve-year-old Mexican American boy, was fatally shot by a white Dallas Police officer, Darrel L. Cain, while interrogating him in the front seat of a squad car. Within a few days, Mexican American and Chicano activists coordinated and organized demonstrations at Dallas City Hall. The Rodr?guez affair of 1973 occurred during period of Dallas? history when police brutality, widespread poverty, and city officials? neglect of minority communities defined race relations in the city. This thesis explores the roots of the Mexicano community in Dallas, and their quest for civil rights from the late 1960s to late 1970s, scrutinizing the factors that prompted for collaboration and division between Mexican Americans and Chicano activists. The study examines a handful of activists and organizations, and scrutinizes the objectives and triumphs that they attained in their pursuit towards equal rights, and how the Santos Rodr?guez affair ultimately became a catalyst for unifying the Mexicano community
Civil Rights in the "City of Hate:" Grassroots Organizing against Police Brutality in Dallas, Texas, 1935-1990
No full textThis dissertation examines the history of grassroots organizing against police brutality in Dallas, Texas, between 1935 and 1990. It demonstrates that police brutality drove conversations among black and brown activists in their fight for social justice. Organizers understood that acquiring political power and eliminating all forms of discrimination were central to curtailing police violence. Class differences, however, often drove wedges among activists, but the issue of police brutality united African Americans and Mexican Americans, prompting them to form broad alliances in their shared struggle for police accountability. Confronting state-sanctioned violence then mobilized activists to engage in additional avenues of protest, including voting rights, access to housing and jobs, and social welfare reform
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Brown erasure: Mexican Americans and the teaching of history in cold war Texas
No full textThis dissertation explores the white architects of curriculum and instruction in Texas, the Mexican experience and resistance to that curriculum, and the effect on identity and community formation that schooling played on Mexican-origin students throughout the twentieth century. Through theorizing curriculum as the whole experience a child has at school from their relationships with their teachers to the school's relationship with the community, I posit that schooling has served as a mechanism to maintain white supremacist social hierarchies. I argue that local and state governments in the US have always used curriculum as a political tool; it is not neutral. Whether unilaterally deciding what knowledge is worth learning, sorting children by assumed future abilities, devaluing non-white cultures, and implementing assimilationist strategies into the classroom, educators and politicians have delivered curricula that reinforce America’s social order and silenced those deemed unworthy of inclusion. Altering and erasing the memory of historical events and people in textbooks and classrooms is a powerful tool in the creation and maintenance of white supremacy
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