1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Mechanism(s) of Dietary Wild Blueberry Action on Vasoconstriction in Adult Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
No full textThis study examined the mechanism of action of wild blueberries (WB) on key signaling steps of the nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase (COX) pathways of vascular tone upon stimulation of aortic rings with the α1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine (Phe) in adult Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (SHR) with endothelial dysfunction. Adult SHRs were sacrificed at the age of 20 weeks after eight weeks on a control diet (C) or a WB-enriched diet. Phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction was examined in the absence or presence of inhibitors targeting NO synthase (NOS), soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5), enzymes of the NO pathway or inhibitors targeting COX, prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) synthase and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthase, enzymes of the COX pathway. The maximum response (Fmax) and the vessel sensitivity (pD2) to the agonist were estimated. Concentration of NO, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and the prostanoids PGI2 and TXA2 were measured in plasma, aortic tissue and aortic medium, respectively, to further assess the effect of the WB diet on the NO and COX pathways. The reduced response of aortic rings to the Phe-induced vasoconstriction observed in the SHRs that consumed the WB diet, was abolished when NOS was inhibited, suggesting the involvement of the NO pathway in the lower response to the α1-adrenergic agonist. Additionally, the higher Fmax observed in the WB rings when sGC activity was blocked reflects a critical role of sGC in the reduced adrenergic constriction of the WB group. Phosphodiesterase-5 may also play a role in the WB response, and finally an increased concentration of the vasorelaxant cGMP in the WB aorta represents further evidence of the role of the NO-cGMP signaling in the lower tension elicited by the WB diet. Functional studies with inhibitors of COX, PGI2 and TXA2 synthase do not point to a major effect of wild blueberries on the COX pathway, despite an increased concentration of PGI2 in aortic media. This is the first study to document that a WB diet reduces vascular tone in response to an α1-adrenergic adrenergic agonist via enhancing NO-sGC-cGMP signaling in the adult SHR model of endothelial dysfunction with implications for cardiovascular protection
The Effect of Wild Blueberries on Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Get PDFThe effect of wild blueberries on major endothelium-dependent vasodilation pathways and arterial blood pressure (BP) was examined in the young adult Spontaneously Hypertensive rat (SHR), used as a model of endothelial dysfunction, and the Wistar Kyoto (WK) rat, with functional endothelium, used as the control. Male SHR and WK rats were fed a control (SHR-C and WK-C), or a wild blueberry-enriched (SHR-B and WK-B) diet for nine weeks. By the age of 21 weeks, thoracic aortae were excised and 3mm arterial rings were prepared and immersed in Radnoti tissue baths. Rings were precontractred with phenylephrine (Phe) (10 6M), followed by cumulative acetylcholine (Ach) doses (10 9M to 3x10 6M) to generate dose-response curves in the absence or in the presence of either a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor (L-NMMA at 10 4M), a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor (MFA at 10 5M) or both inhibitors added simultaneously. The maximum Ach-induced vasodilation force (Fmax) and vessel sensitivity (pD2) were determined for each treatment group. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated no significant difference in the Fmax between the WK-B and WK-C groups. However, wild blueberries were found to reduce the pD2 in response to Ach in the young adult WK rat (WKB: 7.41 ± 0.02 vs. WK-C 7.49 ± 0.02, p\u3c0.05, n=9). In the young adult SHR, wild blueberries were shown to reduce Fmax in response to Ach (SHR-B: 92.13 ± 0.56 vs. SHR-C: 94.63 ± 0.56, p\u3c0.05, n=10). This effect is mediated by the COX pathway, as shown by the increased Fmax in response to Ach with the COXpathway inhibition (SHR-B: 102.17 ± 0.57 vs. SHR-C: 97.76 ± 0.57, p\u3c0.05, n=10). Furthermore, wild blueberries were shown to increase the pD2 of the young adult SHR aorta, when COX and NO pathways were inhibited separately, SHR-B: 7.72 ± 0.02 vs. SHR-C: 7.63 ± 0.02, p\u3c0.05, n=10, and SHR-B: 7.17 ± 0.02 vs. SHR-C: 7.04 ± 0.02,
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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