1,720,990 research outputs found
Semantics in language acquisition/ edited by Kristen Syrett, Sudha Arunachalam.
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and index."This volume presents the state of the art of recent research on the acquisition of semantics. Covering topics ranging from infants' initial acquisition of word meaning to the more sophisticated mapping between structure and meaning in the syntax-semantics interface, and the relation between logical content and inferences on language meaning (semantics and pragmatics), the papers in this volume introduce the reader to the variety of ways in which children come to realize that semantic content is encoded in word meaning (for example, in the event semantics of the verbal domain or the scope of logical operators), and at the level of the sentence, which requires the composition of semantic meaning. The authors represent some of the most established and promising researchers in this domain, demonstrating collective expertise in a range of methodologies and topics relevant to the acquisition of semantics. This volume will serve as a valuable resource for students and faculty, and junior and seasoned researchers alike"--The historical emergence and current study of semantics in acquisition / Kristen Syrett -- Word meanings and semantic domains in acquisition / Eve V. Clark -- The influence of linguistic temporal organization on children's understanding of temporal terms and concepts / Laura Wagner -- Semantic features of early verb vocabularies / Sabrina Horvath, Leslie Rescorla and Sudha Arunachalam -- On the acquisition of event culmination / Angeliek van Hout -- Telicity in typical and impaired acquisition / Petra Schulz -- Not all subjects are agents : transitivity and meaning in early language comprehension / Rose M. Scott, Yael Gertner and Cynthia Fisher -- Analogical structure mapping and the formation of abstract constructions : a novel construction learning study / Ben Ambridge, Micah B. Goldwater and Elena V.M. Lieven -- The labeling problem in syntactic bootstrapping : main clause syntax in the acquisition of propositional attitude verbs / Aaron Steven White, Valentine Hacquard and Jeffrey Lidz -- Perspectives on truth : the case of language and false belief reasoning / Jill de Villiers -- The meaning of question words in statements in child mandarin / Stephen Crain and Peng Zhou -- Overt, covert, and clandestine operations : ambiguity and ellipsis in acquisition / Kristen Syrett -- Developmental insights into gappy phenomena : comparing presupposition, implicature, homogeneity, and vagueness / Lyn Tieu, Cory Bill, Jérémy Zehr, Jacopo Romoli and Florian Schwarz -- Four-year-old children compute scalar implicatures in absence of epistemic reasoning / David Barner, Lara K. Hochstein, Miriam P. Rubenson and Alan Bale -- The acquisition path of near-reflexivity / Valentina Brunetto and Tom Roeper.1 online resource
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Meaning and context in children’s understanding of gradable adjectives
No full textThis paper explores what children and adults know about three specific ways that meaning and context interact: the interpretation of expressions whose extensions vary in different contexts (semantic context dependence); conditions on the felicitous use of expressions in a discourse context (presupposition accommodation) and informative uses of expressions in contexts in which they strictly speaking do not apply (imprecision). The empirical focus is the use of unmodified (positive form) gradable adjectives (GAs) in definite descriptions to distinguish between two objects that differ in the degree to which they possess the property named by the adjective. We show that by 3 years of age, children are sensitive to all three varieties of context–meaning interaction and that their knowledge of this relation with the definite description is appropriately guided by the semantic representations of the GA appearing in it. These findings suggest that children's semantic representations of the GAs we investigated and the definite determiner the are adult-like and that they are aware of the consequences of these representations when relating meaning and context. Bolstered by adult participant responses, this work provides important experimental support for theoretical claims regarding the semantics of gradable predicates and the nature of different types of ‘interpretive variability’, specifically semantic context dependence v. pragmatic tolerance of imprecision.This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Semantics following peer review. The version of record, Kristen Syrett, Christopher Kennedy, and Jeffrey Lidz (2010). Meaning and Context in Children's Understanding of Gradable Adjectives Journal of Semantics 27 (1): 1-35, is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffp011.Peer reviewe
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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