1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Modeling The Population Dynamics Of Erythrocytes To Identify Optimal Drug Dosages For The Treatment Of Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Get PDFThe current treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection – combination therapy
with pegylated interferon and ribavirin – elicits sustained responses in only ~50% of
the patients treated. Greater cumulative exposure to ribavirin increases response to
interferon-ribavirin combination therapy. A key limitation, however, is the toxic sideeffect of ribavirin, hemolytic anemia, which often necessitates a reduction of ribavirin dosage and compromises treatment response. Maximizing treatment response thus
requires striking a balance between the antiviral and hemolytic activities of ribavirin.
Current models of viral kinetics describe the enhancement of treatment response due
to ribavirin. Ribavirin-induced anemia, however, remains poorly understood and
precludes rational optimization of combination therapy.
Here, we develop a new mathematical model of the population dynamics of erythrocytes that quantitatively describes ribavirin-induced anemia in HCV patients.
Based on the assumption that ribavirin accumulation decreases erythrocyte lifespan in a dose-dependent manner, model predictions capture several independent
experimental observations of the accumulation of ribavirin in erythrocytes and the resulting decline of hemoglobin in HCV patients undergoing combination therapy,
estimate the reduced erythrocyte lifespan in patients and describe inter-patient
variations in the severity of ribavirin-induced anemia. Further, model predictions
estimate the threshold ribavirin exposure beyond which anemia becomes intolerable
and suggest guidelines for the usage of growth hormones. A small fraction of the
population (~30%) with polymorphisms in the ITPA gene shows protection from
ribavirin-induced anemia. The optimum dosage of ribavirin that can be tolerated is
then dependent on the ITPA polymorphisms. Coupled with a previous population
pharmacokinetic study, our model yields a facile formula for estimating the optimum
dosage given a patient’s weight, creatinine clearance, pretreatment hemoglobin levels,
and ITPA polymorphism. The reduced lifespan we predict is in agreement with independent measurements from breath tests as well as estimates derived from in vitro studies of ATP depletion. The latter estimates also agree with the extent of ATP depletion due to ribavirin that we predict from a detailed analysis of the nucleoside metabolism in erythrocytes.
Our model thus facilitates in conjunction with models of viral kinetics the rational
identification of treatment protocols. Our formula for optimum dose presents an
avenue for personalizing ribavirin dosage. By keeping anemia tolerable, the predicted
optimal dosage may improve adherence, reduce the need for drug monitoring, and
increase response rates
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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