1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Cellular dysfunctions caused by dystrophin deficiency and the interaction of diet-induced insulin resistance
Full text linkDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by the absence of a functional dystrophin protein, is a devastating degenerative muscle disease. The absence of dystrophin leaves the muscle vulnerable to injuries, especially during eccentric contractions, and causes metabolic dysfunctions and dysregulation of cellular processes including, but not limited to inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.
The commonly used mouse model to study these cellular dysfunctions and pathophysiology is the mdx mouse model. However, this model has a mild disease phenotype compared to humans. Given this, an emerging mouse model, the D2-mdx mouse, was developed, which has a more severe pathology than mdx mice. Previously, we identified impaired autophagosomal degradation in mdx mice. Given the D2-mdx model’s expanding use, we evaluated how markers of autophagy are modified in skeletal muscles from 11-mo-old D2-mdx mice.
We discovered that autophagosomal degradation was impaired in the diaphragm but not gastrocnemius. Further analysis in gastrocnemius muscles by evaluation of markers of autophagy in lysosomal and cytosolic fractions suggested increased lysosomal abundance so as to compensate for impaired lysosomal function. The findings from this study, together with the wide range of cellular dysfunctions identified in dystrophic muscles, point to an accumulation of unfolded proteins in the intracellular environment. This led us to the second research chapter, where we explored how the markers of ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are altered by dystrophin deficiency. In support of the findings from the first research chapter, we identified increased ER stress and activation of the UPR in diaphragm from D2-mdx mice. To add further clarity to these findings, we also considered how ER stress and the UPR may be impacted by DMD by probing a publicly available human Affymetrix data set. We discovered increased transcript abundance of ER stress and UPR-related transcripts and also predicted transcription factors that regulate the identified upregulation profile.
Dystrophin deficiency results in a broad array of cellular dysfunctions, including discoveries made in the first two research chapters. DMD is also frequently accompanied by metabolic complications such as obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and metabolic syndrome. Independent of dystrophin deficiency, these metabolic alterations can also cause a range of cellular dysfunctions raising the possibility of an additive or even synergistic interaction of DMD and obesity. In chapter three, we explored changes associated with a high-fat high sucrose diet (HFHSD) in mdx mice. We discovered diet-induced insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia in HFHSD-fed C57 (control) and, for the first time, in HFHSD-fed mdx mice. Interestingly, mdx mice on a control diet were inherently insulin resistant, raising the possibility that this may be a fundamental consequence of dystrophin deficiency. Metabolomic and lipidomic analyses suggested unique and common consequences of diet-induced insulin resistance with dystrophin deficiency. To further understand the molecular consequences of a HFHSD in dystrophic skeletal muscles, in the fourth research chapter, we performed and analyzed proteomics and phosphoproteomics on skeletal muscle from these mice. We discovered that the HFHSD resulted in some common changes in the muscle proteome and phosphoproteome in muscle from C57 and mdx mice, but importantly, dystrophin deficiency also caused some unique molecular consequences. Further, using these datasets we identified key transcription factors predicted to regulate these unique changes in the obese, dystrophic proteome. Data produced in support of this dissertation provide substantially new information regarding the fundamental consequences of dystrophin deficiency as well as new information regarding the complexities of obesity and insulin resistance
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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