230 research outputs found
Tracing the building of Robert's connections in mathematical problem solving: a sixteen-year study
No full textThis research analyzes how external representations created by a student, Robert, helped him in building mathematical understanding over a sixteen-year period. Robert (also known as Bobby), was an original participant of the Rutgers longitudinal study where students were encouraged to work on problem-solving tasks with minimum intervention (Maher, 2005). The research demonstrates how Robert built robust counting techniques by tracing the evolvement of his problem-solving heuristics, strategies, justifications and external representations. The study also examines how Robert made connections to his earlier problem solving. In addition, the origins of Robert’s ideas related to Pascal’s Triangle and Pascal’s Pyramid are investigated. Fifteen sessions were selected between Robert’s fifth grade (February 26, 1993) and post-graduate interviews (March 27, 2009) yielding more than twenty hours of video data. Powell, Francisco, and Maher (2003) model was used for analysis where by each session was viewed, transcribed and coded for critical events to create a comprehensive narrative. The study reveals that mature combinatorial techniques were a part of Robert’s counting strategies as early as middle school. Robert used binary notation to count two-colored candle arrangements and later to count the number of ways a team could win a World Series; modified exponential formulae to account for combinations for a garage door opener, arrangements for n-colored candles and n-toppings pizzas; discovered the combinations formula, C(n, 2), in his eleventh grade; and connected these solutions to Pascal’s identities. In general, Robert looked for patterns in his solutions; generalized the findings; and identified structural similarities in tasks presented to him as he connected three-position garage door opener to three-colored candles arrangements, pizza with four toppings to towers four high, and directions on Pascal’s Triangle to routes for a taxi on a two-dimensional grid. External representations created by Robert served as communication tools for him and provided insight into his problem solving heuristics and mathematical understanding. The research contributes to the growing body of case studies from Rutgers longitudinal study providing evidence that building of early mathematical ideas is the foundation of more advanced learning (Davis & Maher, 1997).Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Anoop Ahluwali
Inhibition of mast cell tryptase by inhaled APC 366 attenuates allergen-induced late-phase airway obstruction in asthma
No full textBackground: APC 366, a selective inhibitor of mast cell tryptase, has been shown to inhibit antigen-induced early asthmatic response (EAR), late asthmatic response (LAR), and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in a sheep model of allergic asthma.Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of APC 366 on antigen-induced EAR, LAR, and BHR in mild atopic asthmatics not on any anti-inflammatory therapy.Methods: Sixteen mild atopic asthmatics, each with a demonstrable antigen-induced EAR, LAR, and BHR to histamine, were recruited into this randomized, double-blinded, crossover study. APC 366 (5 mg)/placebo was administered by aerosol inhalation 3 times per day on treatment days 1 through 4. Allergen challenge was carried out on day 4. Histamine challenge was performed the following morning, 1 hour after final dosing.Results: Subjects were shown to have a significantly smaller overall mean area under the curve for the LAR (P = .012) and mean maximum fall in FEV? for the LAR (P = .007) after pretreatment with APC 366 in comparison with placebo. No significant effects on BHR were demonstrable. Although the EAR was reduced by 18% after treatment with APC 366 in comparison with placebo, this was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Short-term repeated administration of APC 366 significantly reduced the magnitude of antigen-induced LAR in atopic asthmatics, which supports the role of mast cell tryptase in the pathophysiology of the LAR
Third Revision of the Global Surface Seawater Dimethyl Sulfide Climatology (DMS-Rev3)
No full textThis dataset contains all the input data and the Matlab codes for the Third Revision of the Global Surface Seawater Dimethyl Sulphide Climatology (DMS-Rev3)
Shrivardhan Hulswar, Rafel Simo, Martí Galí, Thomas G. Bell, Arancha Lana, Swaleha Inamdar, Paul R. Halloran, George Manville and Anoop S. Mahajan
*corresponding author: Anoop Sharad Mahajan ([email protected])
Details to run the code can be found in the word file: Code details.doc
Third Revision of the Global Surface Seawater Dimethyl Sulfide Climatology (DMS-Rev3)
No full textThis dataset contains all the input data and the Matlab codes for the Third Revision of the Global Surface Seawater Dimethyl Sulphide Climatology (DMS-Rev3)Shrivardhan Hulswar, Rafel Simo, Martí Galí, Thomas G. Bell, Arancha Lana, Swaleha Inamdar, Paul R. Halloran, George Manville and Anoop S. Mahajan*corresponding author: Anoop Sharad Mahajan ([email protected])Details to run the code can be found in the word file: Code details.docxTHIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV
Essays on Platform Sponsor Scope: Implications for Ecosystem Emergence and Growth
No full textPlatform sponsors and complementors co-create value in platform ecosystems. This dissertation sheds light on a critical aspect platform sponsor scope of such value co-creation. Platform sponsor scope constitutes the sponsors choice of activities to perform internally, their decision rights on the complements, and their orchestration in the ecosystem. Platform sponsor scope signals value co-creation opportunities to complementors and shapes the latitude of the platform sponsor in governing the ecosystem. The dissertation comprises of three essays (chapters 2, 3, and 4) that together demonstrate (i) the platform sponsors agency in choosing their scope vis--vis complementors, (ii) the interplay of platform sponsor scope with elements of problem, platform ecosystem design, and dynamics, and (iii) the implications of scope choices on ecosystem emergence and growth at different stages of the lifecycle. The first essay (chapter 2) demonstrates that the platform sponsor can facilitate ecosystem emergence by aligning their scope choice with the problem they are seeking to solve. Using a dataset of crowdfunding campaigns and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), I find distinct configurations of problem and scope for different types of ecosystems. The second essay (chapter 3) examines the interplay between the ecosystem structure and governance as exemplified in the platform sponsor scope choices. The study uses a configurational approach and inductively identifies configurations of scope and ecosystem structure across different ecosystems and at the incipient and mature stages of the lifecycle. The third essay (chapter 4) examines the role of platform sponsor scope in ecosystem dynamics of indirect network effects and ecosystem growth. Using a formal model, I find that the ecosystem growth trajectory differs based on the symmetricity of indirect network effects. However, the growth can be augmented by aligning the scope choice with the type of benefits the actors accrue within the ecosystem. I examine the micro-level dynamics using Wikipedia editing activity data and find that scope changes influence complementors participation decisions. Collectively, these essays contribute to the literature on platform ecosystems and firm scope, bringing fresh insights into how platform sponsor scope choices shape value co-creation in platform ecosystems
Evaluation of the functional outcome of total knee arthroplasty PCL retaining Versus sacrificing.
No full textINTRODUCTION :
The role of Posterior cruciate ligament in total knee replacement is
controversial. Theoretically it has been suggested that PCL retaining can
produce femoral rollback, which increases the range of flexion and prevents
posterior translation. This in effect, reduces loosening and excessive
polyethylene wear by decreasing the shear stresses at the fixation surfaces.
We conducted a prospective study to compare resection with retention of
PCL using a standard PCL–retaining cemented total knee replacement and
assesed the functional outcome using functional knee scores and WOMAC
score during the period between January 2012 to June 2013.
AIM :
The aim of the study is to prospectively compare the functional outcome of
Primary Total Knee Replacement done in our hospital during the period of
January 2012 to June 2013 between patients in whom Posterior cruciate
ligament(PCL) was retained with those were it was sacrificed using Knee
Society Knee Scoring and Functional Knee Score and WOMAC Questionnaire.
MATERIALS AND METHODS :
The study was done on 20 patients. Scoring system formulated by the
WOMAC Score, Knee Society Knee Score and Functional Knee Score were
used to evaluate the patients before and after surgery. Both knee scores and
functional scores are calculated with each amounting to a total of 100 points and
WOMAC Score with max of 96 points. Preoperative full length radiograph
from the hip to ankle was taken in all the patients who underwent knee
replacement surgery and pre op mechanical axis was drawn and the amout of
varus or valgus deformity was quantified. Radiological grading as advocated by
Kellegren and Lawrence was used to evaluate the severity of the arthritis. PCL
was retained in five patients who had minimal deformities with no flexion
contracture pre operatively and PCL was sacrificed in rest of the patients.
RESULTS :
Analyzing the functional outcome it was found that all the patients in
both the groups had significant improvement in their knee score and the
functional knee score.Analysing the total Knee Scores, the average Knee
Society Score for the PS group was 85.80 and that of CR group was 75.60 and
statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in the the p-value in favour
of Cruciate Sacrificing Prosthesis signifying that Cruciate Sacrificing
Prosthesis has better functional outcome. The functional knee society also
showed a marked improvement in all patients,for CS group FKS was 99.6 and
for CR group it was 91.6.Statistically there was no significant difference.The
WOMAC Score also showed a marked improvement.In CS groups it was 24.6
and in CR it was 27.4.Statistitical analysis showed a highly significant
difference in favaour of cruciate sacrificing prosthesis.
CONCLUSIONS :
Total Knee Arthroplasty in patients in whom posterior cruciate
ligament was sacrificed was found to have a better functional
outcome as compared to the retaining group,which can be mainly
attributed to the persistence of flexion deformity in cruciate retaining
group.
In Indian scenario where knee replacement is done at a late stage of
osteoarthritis ,sacrificing the contracted posterior cruciate ligament
has better outcomes as compared to retaining it
Recommended from our members
Two stories from "Trishanku Aur Anya Kahaniyam", by Mannu Bhandari. A translation and commentary
No full textMannu Bhandari is a critically-acclaimed author in contemporary India. The two stories from Trishanku Aur Anya Kahaniyam (Trishanku and Other Stories), "Trishanku" and "Darar Bharne Ki Darar" ("The Rift of Filling in the Rift"), are presented translated from the original Hindi into English. These stories, written from the viewpoint of adolescent female narrators, explore the concept of rebelling against long-established tradition in India, seen from the standpoint of young persons seeking maturity. Each contains a 'story within a story' wherein a marriage is highlighted: one a non-traditional 'love-marriage,' and the other a traditional, arranged marriage which is unhappy. In addition, there is a commentary in which facets of Mannu Bhandari's literary skill and implications of the above-mentioned themes are considered, and various problems of translating from the Hindi language into English while trying to do justice to a consummate artist are discussed
Report of Internet Addiction from Indian subcontinent: Diverse in geography but similar in form
No full textThe creation and validation of an immersive virtual reality simulator to teach and assess clinical reasoning
No full textIntroduction
Emerging technologies such as virtual reality(VR) and 360-degree cameras have been presented as a technological solution that, through increased realism and presence, could lead to improved learning gains versus existing teaching modalities.
Aims
The main aim of the thesis is to create an immersive VR simulator using 360-degree camera technology to teach and assess clinical reasoning skills.
Methods
A multi-method approach across a series of studies were used to achieve the thesis aims. The first study aimed to develop a VR clinical scenario and scoring system using validated virtual patient guidelines, VR usability guidelines and scoring rubrics. A 360-degree camera and VR editing software were used for scenario construction. Three experimental studies were performed. Study 1: randomised controlled trial(RCT) comparing the simulator across two delivery modes - 2D screen(n=19) versus immersive head-set(n=20); assessing system usability and level of presence. Study 2: cohort study assessing the contrast validity of the simulator (medical students; n=16), foundation year doctors (n=21), and core surgical doctors (n=19). Study 3: RCT assessing learning gains (using Script Concordance test) with the simulator versus traditional methods(n=53).
Results
Four scenarios were created with scoring systems. The system was equally usable in both delivery forms(80.3 control vs 80 in treatment; p>0.05) with significantly higher levels of presence in the immersive group(0.81 vs 0.67; p<0.05). The simulator was able to differentiate between the most and least experienced group(57.3% vs 46.4%; p<0.05). Finally, the simulator learning gains were significantly higher compared to the traditional learning group(2.35 vs 1.64, p<0.05).
Discussion
This thesis demonstrates the feasibility of construction of a series of immersive VR clinical scenarios using 360-degree video. Taken together the results present a robust methodology for the creation and assessment of simulations using this technology and demonstrate the educational benefit for the teaching and assessment of clinical reasoning.Open Acces
- …
