1,720,958 research outputs found
Beliefs and Uses of Tagging Among Undergraduates
Get PDFThis dissertation examines beliefs and uses regarding tagging among current undergraduate students, and examines the ecology of communications practice and implications for formation and maintenance of identity within the population. Currently enrolled undergraduate students at UNC-Chapel Hill formed the population for examination. Objective: To understand the current state of use and perception of tagging and tagging systems among undergraduates, and the place of tagging and tagging systems within the communications ecology of students. The larger context for this research concerns the formation and maintenance of identity over time, and how use of these technologies effects those processes. Research questions examined meaning and use of tagging and tagging systems in the population. The overall objective of the research was to determine to what degree previous research on tagging and tagging systems is applicable to the population of current undergraduate students. Approach: This study employed a mixed-methods approach that included a survey and a series of semi-structured interviews. The survey consisted of two stages, with each stage sent to a random sample of 2000 undergraduate students; Stage 1 returning 208 responses and Stage 2 returning 203 responses. Between the two Stages of the survey, eight students were interviewed for greater detail of tagging belief and use. Analysis: Survey data was analyzed both qualitatively (in the Uses and Gratifications section of the first stage) and quantitatively for the range of beliefs and uses of tagging, tagging systems and broader ecology of communications technologies. Interview data was coded and analyzed qualitatively for greater context of the survey results and to address any limitations of the initial stage of the survey. Results: This dissertation found that undergraduate students are generally unfamiliar with the information-organization aspects of tagging. Survey respondents reported greater social than academic use of tagging by a 46% to 4% margin, and interview subjects unanimously named Facebook photo tagging as the first thing which came to mind regarding tagging. Undergraduates do not extensively use sites and services focused around tagging as information organization, with only 15% reporting using such sites and 82% not doing so. Rather, undergraduates are familiar with and use tagging almost exclusively within the context of Facebook photo tagging, which 92% of students reported using, with 88% also reporting untagging themselves from Facebook photos. Tagging can be understood as a communicative genre system within the community of undergraduate students perform according to a template of well-understood practices and expectations. Results indicate that students use tagging primarily as a tool for social communication and recognition within the context of online photos, confirmed in the Uses and Gratifications survey responses. The first factor (explaining 51% of the variance) was comprised of eight items, of which six were related to photo tagging; the second factor consisted of items relating to social recognition and identification. Information organization is a subsidiary use of Facebook photo tagging, as seen in the third factor in the Uses and Gratifications analysis and confirmed in interview data. This dissertation also examined the larger communications ecology of undergraduate students, assessing their experience with a range of technologies and differential use of same across social, familial and academic audiences. Substantial differences were found in students' use of technologies depending on audience, with cell phones (and especially their text-messaging capabilities) forming the primary hub of communication for contacting friends and family, and messaging on social network sites (chiefly Facebook) preferred over email for computer-mediated social communications. By contrast, students reported using only email and face-to-face communications for their interactions with school instructors. Interview data confirmed students' preference to interact with school instructors using only these two methods, and suggested that segregating interaction with different audiences to different communications methods is a manner by which students combat the increasing context collapse of social network sites and mediated communications generally. The implications for formation and maintenance of identity were discussed, with findings suggesting that segregation of audiences by communicative medium may be a way in which students maintain different fronts. Further, tagging can function as part of a set of affordances by which students can extend their network of relations (both social and professional) beyond that which they can keep at hand or in mind at one time, using tags as reminders for differing contexts. Conclusion: This research confirms undergraduate students are generally unfamiliar with the information-organization aspects of tagging, reporting greater social than academic use of tagging. Students use tagging primarily as a tool for social communication, recognition and identification within the context of online photos, which are posted and organized almost exclusively through the social network site Facebook rather than photo-sharing sites. Tagging functions as part of a set of technological affordances by which students can maintain different fronts and expand relational networks beyond those immediately accessible or memorable. Though information organization is not a primary context or use for tagging among undergraduate students, the range of practice surrounding Facebook photo tagging does exhibit a way in for new potential interfaces and implementations of tagging on the social web and for educators. Students are also found to use different communications technologies in their interactions with social, familial and academic audiences, in part as a manner of combatting the context collapse taking place on social network sites and mediated communications generally. Contemporary communications practice among undergraduates is understood to be fast-changing and vary substantially across locations and populations, and so these results are best understood as pertaining to this particular population at this particular time. Future research should examine similar questions and the shift of behaviors over time and across different populations and locations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Disclosure and Timeliness: How much time must pass before it's okay to share?
No full textResearch has repeatedly shown that computer-mediated communications (CMC) lead to higher levels of disclosure of personal information (Tidwell and Walther 2002). Recent studies have examined the role of increasingly common social media and social network services (SNS) on disclosure in a variety of contexts (Mazer et al. 2007; Tufekci 2008). [The combination of personal demographic data, taste preferences, public disclosure of friend networks and now increasing usage of tools for instantly updating status (e.g., Twitter, Facebook) has, we believe, fundamentally altered users’ understanding of the temporality of information and its (semi-)permanence.] Some studies have begun to look at longer-term life-cycle considerations of data disclosure within certain contexts (Williams 2008) but there has not yet been a comprehensive effort to gauge the effect of timeliness on self-disclosure for various types of personal data, especially for explicitly time-identified disclosures. Our research will examine this issue through a survey mechanism gauging user reactions and perceptions.Submitted by Heekyung Choi ([email protected]) on 2010-04-01T21:47:21Z
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Previous issue date: 2009-02-0
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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