1,721,137 research outputs found
Obsolescence des réseaux de l'école élémentaire ? Kramer Caroline, Die Entwicklung des Standortnetzes von Grundschulen im ländlischen Raum (Vorarlberg und Baden-Württemberg im Vergleich)
No full textBreton Roland J.L. Obsolescence des réseaux de l'école élémentaire ? Kramer Caroline, Die Entwicklung des Standortnetzes von Grundschulen im ländlischen Raum (Vorarlberg und Baden-Württemberg im Vergleich). In: Annales de Géographie, t. 106, n°595, 1997. pp. 335-336
Obsolescence des réseaux de l'école élémentaire ? Kramer Caroline, Die Entwicklung des Standortnetzes von Grundschulen im ländlischen Raum (Vorarlberg und Baden-Württemberg im Vergleich)
No full textBreton Roland J.L. Obsolescence des réseaux de l'école élémentaire ? Kramer Caroline, Die Entwicklung des Standortnetzes von Grundschulen im ländlischen Raum (Vorarlberg und Baden-Württemberg im Vergleich). In: Annales de Géographie, t. 106, n°595, 1997. pp. 335-336
Studierende im städtischen Quartier - zeit-räumliche Wirkungen von temporären Bewohnern und Bewohnerinnen
Full text linkStudierende stellen in vielen Städten in Deutschland eine wichtige Bevölkerungsgruppe dar, auch wenn die einzelnen Personen oft nur wenige Jahre an ihrem jeweiligen Hochschulstandort leben. In Großbritannien wird seit einigen Jahren der Einfluss, den die temporär und oft auch nur saisonal anwesenden Studierenden auf ihr Wohnquartier ausüben, unter dem Begriff "Studentification" diskutiert. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand des Karlsruher Quartiers Oststadt empirisch überprüft, inwieweit an diesem Hochschulstandort baulich-räumliche, ökonomische oder soziale Indikatoren einer voranschreitenden Studentification zu erkennen sind. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass man zwar eine zunehmende Konkurrenz zwischen studentischen Wohngemeinschaften und Familien auf dem innenstadtnahen Wohnungsmarkt wahrnehmen kann, aber die Studierenden weder in ihrer Zahl noch in ihrem Auftreten und ihrem Lebensstil das Quartier beherrschen. Ganz im Gegenteil werden sie von ihren Nachbarn meist als belebendes Element der innenstadtnahen Wohnquartiere wahrgenommen.In many cities students represent an important and ever growing group of population, even though many individuals often only remain in their place of study for a few years. This group can also be termed a "standing wave" that is always present in one location although the individual actors making up the wave are only temporarily resident. In Great Britain the term "studentification" has been used for a rather critical discussion of the way in which neighbourhoods are affected by students, who are often only seasonally resident in their place of education. Drawing on the term gentrification, the focus here is on temporal-spatial conflicts of use that develop due to differences between the everyday spheres of action and activity times of students and other urban residents such as the working population or retired people. Furthermore, students compete with other groups, e.g. young families or the older population, for cheap inner-urban housing. Considering spatial-temporal justice raises questions about what resources and opportunities are important for the temporarily resident students, whether these requirements correspond with or differ from those of other residents, and whether there are differences in perceptions of the neighbourhood and everyday life in the neighbourhood
Das Recht auf Zeit und das Recht auf Stadt: Die zeitgerechte Stadt - eine Handlungs- und Forschungsagenda
Full text linkWenn ein Leitbild "Zeitgerechte Stadt" entwickeln werden soll, so muss danach gefragt werden, wie man eine raumzeitliche Verteilungsgerechtigkeit und eine ebensolche Verfahrensgerechtigkeit ermöglichen kann. Ausgehend von verschiedenen Gruppen, Räumen und Zeiten gilt es, die Kräfteverhältnisse der beteiligten Akteure zu erkennen, wobei der öffentlichen Hand bei der Umsetzung des Leitbilds eine zentrale Rolle zukommt. Es muss aber auch danach gefragt werden, für wen diese Stadt gestaltet werden soll. Dabei gilt es, Konflikte zwischen den verschiedenen Zielgruppen zu erkennen und abzuwägen, was eine große Herausforderung an die Zeitpolitik und die Raum-Zeit-Planung der Städte darstellt. Die Verzahnung von zeitlichen Aspekten und Rhythmen mit räumlichen Strukturen muss auf den verschiedenen räumlichen Skalen stattfinden. Bei der Umsetzung in konkrete Maßnahmen kann man an Sensibilisierungsstrategien, an Zeitverträglicheitsprüfungen oder auch an gesetzliche Regelungen denken. Langfristig sollten Raumzeitpolitik und Raum-Zeit-Planungen als integrative Ansätze den Bürgerinnen und Bürgern zu einem Recht auf Zeit und einem Recht auf Stadt verhelfen.The topics of space, time and justice come together in the ARL working group on temporal justice in the city, with a focus on temporal, spatial and social urban structures. The interdisciplinary working group aimed to use these central components to develop a concept of space-time justice. Particular attention was paid to two issues: spatial-temporal distributive justice, i.e. who can use and access which resources and services where and when, and what changes arise due to planning interventions, infrastructural interventions, the restructuring of institutional frameworks and the activities of private sector actors; procedural justice, i.e. who can participate in the spatial-temporal structuring and distribution of these supply. This determines how the ideal of temporal justice in the city can be achieved, how time prosperity and time sovereignty can be attained for as many people in the city as possible. In order to develop the notion of temporal justice in the city as a guiding principle, the papers published in this book analyse current structures and processes in the city in terms of their spatial-temporal components, considering various spaces, specific times, social groups and actors in detail, and inquiring into the balance of power between actors (e.g. between the market and the state). The guiding principle is outlined in an as-yet rough form as integrated spatial-temporal planning that can be implemented using time policy measures
Zeitgerechte Stadt - eine Einführung
Full text linkDie zunehmende Bedeutung von Gerechtigkeitsdiskursen auf unterschiedlichen Feldern hat auch für die zukünftige Stadtentwicklung in der Verknüpfung von räumlicher und zeitlicher Gerechtigkeit Gewicht. Obwohl jedes der Themen Raum, Zeit und Gerechtigkeit teilweise eine lange Tradition hat, ist die Verknüpfung noch sehr jungen Datums. Für diese Integration zu sensibilisieren und Forschungs- und Handlungsdesiderata herauszuarbeiten, ist der Anspruch des Bandes. Damit eine Integration auch aus notwendigerweise unterschiedlichen Disziplinen und Perspektiven gelingen kann, wird in der Einleitung einerseits die Struktur des Themenfeldes beschrieben. Zudem werden zentrale Begriffe und ihre Verknüpfung (Unterschiede, Ungleichheit, Ungerechtigkeit) definiert sowie die beiden für den Band zentralen Gerechtigkeitsperspektiven (Verteilungsgerechtigkeit und Verfahrensgerechtigkeit) formuliert. Auf dieser Basis wird die Struktur des Sammelbandes erläutert und begründet.Against a background of comprehensive social and economic transformation on all scales, differences and inequalities are also increasing. The debate on justice is consequently gaining significance throughout the world and in a range of situations. The introduction describes the context of the various debates on justice in order to demonstrate the particular importance of three foci: space, time and justice. Each topic has long been the subject of intensive debate in its own right but the linking of these themes remains in its infancy, despite being key to the future of urban development. A brief overview of the three strands is provided as a basis for an integrated perspective on spatial-temporal justice. Differentiating between the terms differences, inequalities and injustices (which can represent an (implicit) call to action especially for public actors) is of central importance as this also provides a framework for the volume as a whole. Two components of justice play a key role here: the equitable distribution of access, i.e. material justice, and procedural justice, i.e. access to decision-making processes about the acceptability of differences, about the evaluation of conflicts and trade-offs, and about compensation and redistribution. Even when discussing just the terminology it becomes clear that the implementation of spatial-temporal justice is an objective that cannot be fully met, it is only possible to take steps in the right direction. A central role is played here by conflicts, unavoidable trade-offs and power imbalances. Tackling the topic thus requires the input of various disciplines and perspectives. The choice of perspectives and the structure of the work undertaken during this project are presented in the introduction. Only by integrating these different perspectives is it possible to close the research gaps and identify the action required by public agents. The introduction also demonstrates that historical, spatial, cultural
and economic embedding is indispensible - especially for the normatively loaded topic of justice
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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