1,721,048 research outputs found
Couples' job insecurity and relationship satisfaction in the Netherlands
No full textObjectiveThe goal of this study is to estimate the effect of one's own and one's partner's job insecurity on relationship satisfaction, with attention to gender and educational differences in these effects. Second, we test whether the effects of individual job insecurity on individual relationship satisfaction depends on partner job insecurity.BackgroundResearch has established that job insecurity is negatively associated with relationship quality at the individual level, but little is known about how partner's job insecurity shapes individual perceptions of relationship quality. Although one's partner's job insecurity is expected to be negatively associated with relationship quality on average, it may be protective in cases in which individual job insecurity is also high. We expand spillover–crossover and family stress models to develop and test hypotheses about the independent and interactive effects of individual and partner job insecurity on relationship quality and further consider potential gender and educational differences in the independent effects of individual and partner job insecurity on individual perceptions of relationship quality.MethodDutch dyadic longitudinal panel data was used (Dutch Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences panels 2008–2015) composed of 11,536 observations of 3,668 individuals. Random and fixed effects models were estimated to study differences between individuals (random effects) and changes over time within individuals (fixed effects).ResultsMen and women were less satisfied with their relationship when they felt more job insecurity, and women were less satisfied when their male partner experienced job insecurity. Men's relationship satisfaction was less strongly related to job insecurity when his partner experienced job insecurity as well. Relationship satisfaction of higher educated men suffered less from job insecurity than that of lower educated men.ConclusionJob insecurity was negatively associated with relationship satisfaction, and this association was dependent on gender and, among men, on partner's job insecurity and educational attainment. A dyadic and moderation perspective is important for understanding the relationship between employment and relationship quality
Couples' division of employment and household chores and relationship satisfaction: A test of the specialization and equity hypotheses
No full textContains fulltext :
169188.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)This article investigates associations between couples' divisions of time spent on employment and household chores and respondents’ satisfaction with their partner relationship. Theoretical notions of specialization and equity were used to derive hypotheses. Specialization relates to differentiation in the content of tasks, whereas equity in hours indicates similarity in time devoted to family needs. We study direct effects of hours-equity and specialization with relationship satisfaction, but more importantly we investigate to what extent associations differ for people with egalitarian gender role attitudes, and for people with young children. We analysed dyadic data from the British Household Panel Survey. Surprisingly, no main effects of hours-equity and specialization on relationship satisfaction were found. Our results did show that for men with egalitarian gender role attitudes, equity in hours positively affected relationship satisfaction. Moreover, specialization was related to lower relationship satisfaction for men with egalitarian gender role attitudes. Conditional effects were not found for women or for the presence of children.14 p
Current and expected economic hardship and satisfaction with family life in Europe
Full text linkThis study investigated how people's satisfaction with their family life is influenced by economic circumstances. Expectations were formulated that people who experienced or expected economic hardship would be less satisfied with their family life. Additionally, it was hypothesized that current and expected economic hardship would amplify each other's consequences on satisfaction, and that current and expected economic hardship was more harmful for people with children and when the rise of unemployment in a country was larger. Multilevel analyses were conducted using a sample from the European Quality of Life Survey 2012 (N = 13,013 in 30 countries). Results indeed indicated that people who experienced or expected economic hardship were less satisfied with their family life. Expecting a financial decline was (slightly) more harmful for people in larger families. Generally, current and expected economic problems were not more harmful for parents or when a country's rise of unemployment was larger
Ethnic health inequalities in Europe: The moderating and amplifying role of healthcare system characteristics
Full text linkContains fulltext :
157138.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Health inequalities between ethnic majority and ethnic minority members are prevalent in contemporary European societies. In this study we used theories on socioeconomic deprivation and intersectionality to derive expectations on how ethnic inequalities in health may be exacerbated or mitigated by national healthcare policies. To test our hypotheses we used data from six waves of the European Social Survey (2002–2012) on 172,491 individuals living in 24 countries. In line with previous research, our results showed that migrants report lower levels of health than natives. In general a country's healthcare expenditure appears to reduce socioeconomic differences in health, but at the same time induces health differences between recent migrants and natives. We also found that specific policies aimed at reducing socioeconomic inequalities in health appeared to work as intended, but as a side-effect amplified differences between natives and recent migrants in self-assessed health and well-being. Finally, our results indicated that policies specifically directed at the improvement of migrants' health, only affected well-being for migrants who have lived in the receiving country for more than 10 years.9 p
Een stille liefde. Over de lezeressen van romantische lectuur
No full textUsing a national representative data set on book readers in the Netherlands, this article examines the causes and correlates of romantic fiction reading. Despite overall declines in reading during the last decades, romantic fiction has remained quite popular among Dutch women. Romantic fiction reading is particularly common among lower educated women, confirming the \u27popular culture\u27 nature of this activity. We examine why women are attracted to romantic fiction and analyze to what extent this genre is embedded in the social networks of its readers. Multivariate analyses indicate that four factors play a key role in explaining who reads romantic fiction. First, women with traditional family values read romantic fiction more often than others. Second, women who emphasize the importance of reading and literature in society are less likely to read romantic novels. Third, taste for romantic fiction is transmitted from mothers to daughters. And fourth, cultural literacy has a negative effect on romantic fiction reading. Together, these four factors explain about 60% of the correlation between education and romantic fiction reading. Finally, we show that in comparison to literature reading, the reading of romantic fiction hardly functions as part of a lower class lifestyle. Whereas literature is heavily embedded in the social circles of higher status groups, romantic fiction readers keep their interests to themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Copyright of Mens en Maatschappij is the property of Amsterdam University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder\u27s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.
Grading generalized trust across Europe
No full textWe report a mega-analysis of generalized social trust responses by respondents (n = 330,526) in the European Social Survey (2002-2014) and respondents in other surveys (n = 317,833), conducted in the same years in the same countries. We find markedly higher levels of trust among the ESS respondents than among respondents in other surveys. We report evidence from a comparison that the use of the 0-10 scale is the most important cause of the higher level of trust among ESS respondents. We find that surveys conducted in the same years and countries as the ESS but forcing participants to make a choice between ‘most people can be trusted’ and ‘you cannot be too careful’ yield lower levels of trust. Offering participants a middle option, ‘it depends’, mitigates this effectsomewhat, but does not eliminate it. Also the use of Likert-type scales ranging from 1 to 4 or 1 to 5 yield lower levels of trust than the 0-10 scale used in the ESS and other surveys. We discuss potential causes for the higher level of trust on 0-10 scales and discuss the implications for the measurement of other social attitudes
Literary socialization and reading preferences:Effects of parents, the library, and the school
No full textIn this article, I study the long-term effects of reading socialization in the parental home, the use that is made of the extensive supply of books in the library, and the cultural encouragement that takes place in secondary school. Employing representative data for the Netherlands in 1998 (N=1762), the first research question deals with a description of trends in reading promotion activities. In general, reading promotion has slightly increased in the Netherlands over the past five decades. There is an especially strong increase in parental promotion activities. Furthermore, use of library facilities at an early age has shown a sharp increase and secondary schools nowadays seem to pay more attention to the cultural education of their pupils than they used to. The second question deals with the effectiveness of reading promotion. The results indicate that if young people have experienced a great deal of attention to reading in their youth, this has a positive influence on their reading level in adult life. First, parents who read literature relatively often, as well as direct parental stimulation, have positive consequences for present reading levels. Second, people who in their youth were library members for a long time later have a stronger preference for literary books and suspense novels. Third, a cultural education in secondary school and the choice of an extensive humanitiesoriented set of finals seems particularly effective in stimulating pupils interest in literature
- …
