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Two years follow-up study of CKD patients in PHO Clinical Hospital Bitola Macedonia
Get PDFAbstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health problem worldwide with prevalence estimates ranging from 23.4–35.8% in persons aged 64 years or older [1]. CKD is characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of renal function. It is a major health issue worldwide, which leads to end-stage renal failure (ESRD).
Findings: We analyzed patients with non-progressive CKD at the baseline and at the follow up visit after two years, and we concluded that they have higher potassium and lower HDL cholesterol at the fist visit compared to the last vis. Patients with progressive CKD at the baseline and at the follow up after two years, have lower levels of urea, creatinine and GFR at the first visit of the examination compared to the last visit – two years later. We compared the progression group to non-proggresive at the first visit and we discovered that they had significantly lower cholesterol and Albumin Creatinine Ratio (mg/mmol) level and significant higher HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) levels in the baseline visit.
Conclusion: We concluded that ACR is very important marker for CKD and its progression. We can use ACR as a predictive marker for CKD. Haemoglobin as biomarkers of anaemia, were reduced in progressive CKD patients. We have to use erythropoietin for stimulation the erythropoiesis in all CKD patienst to prevent serious anaemia in CKD patients.
Keywords: chronic kidney disease (CKD), albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR
The role of adipokines and gut hormones in the pathogenesis of obesity, and recent findings for the future treatment of obesity
Get PDFObesity has become one of the leading public health concern. Over one billion people are оverweight or obese and the prevalence of these conditions is growing constantly. This review presents an overview of the endocrine functions of adipose tissue, the role of gut hormones and their associated neuronal networks (the gut-brain axis) in appetite control. Recent studies have improved our understanding of energy homeostasis by identifying sophisticated neurohumoral networks that transmit signals between the brain and gut to control food intake. Key adipokines, such as, leptin, adiponectin, interleukin-6, рlasminogen activator inhibitor-1, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-α, adipsin and acylation stimulating protein, macrophages and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, plasma renin, plasma angiotensin - converting enzyme and angiotensinogen linked with pituitary neuropeptide system began to clarify. Gut hormones, such as, сholecystоkinin, ghrelin, peptide YY, pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1, оxyntomodulin, ghrelin, insulin, glucagon, obestatin, amylin аre modulated by acute food ingestion. This article highlights some of the recent findings and their implications for the future treatment of obesity, but there are currently no effective pharmacological interventions for obesity
Multi-armed bandit algorithms for pricing in e-commerce
No full textLAUREA MAGISTRALEQuesto studio si propone di indagare gli effetti dell'applicazione del algoritmi multi-armed bandit per i prezzi in e-commerce. E 'stato ipotizzato che gli algoritmi MAB potrebbero essere utilizzati e implementati per l'assegnazione di prezzo ai prodotti provenienti dai cataloghi di un piccolo sito web di e-commerce. Utilizzando i dati da un archivio web esistente, abbiamo creato un modello di utente e analizzato i risultati. Dopo questo modello di utente è stato preso come parametro di input in un quadro MAB. I risultati di questa ricerca mostrano, come e quali algoritmi di apprendimento possono essere applicate in scenari reali. Concludiamo che in un modo economico un venditore può migliorare le attività di business e decisioni sui prezzi attraverso l'implementazione di algoritmi MAB.This study aims to investigate the effects of implementing Multi-Armed Bandit algorithms for pricing in e-commerce businesses. It was hypothesized that the MAB algorithms could be used and implemented for price assignment to products from the catalogues of a small e-commerce web site. Using data from an existing web store, we created a user model and analyzed the results. After this the user model was taken as an input parameter in a MAB framework. The findings from this research illustrate, how and which learning algorithms can be applied in real scenarios. We conclude that in an inexpensive way a seller can enhance the business activities and pricing decisions by implementing MAB algorithms
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Prisca Test for Increased Risk for Trisomy 21 And Other Aneuploidy in Pregnant Woman in Bitola in 2020 Year
Get PDF1. Abstract
1.1. Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GMD) is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to analyze the presents of GDM in all pregnant women in our town for one year period. We analyze risk for trisomy 21 and other aneuploidy in pregnant women with GDM compared to pregnant women without GDM.
1.2. Methods: We conducted a one year follow up study on all pregnant women with and without GDM in Clinical Hospital Bitola from January 2020 to January 2021 year. The pregnant women range in age from 20 to 43 years. We separated the patients in two groups.
1.3. Results: Over a one year period, screening was carried out in 175 pregnancies. Median maternal age was 32.2 years. The prevalence of GDM was 17%. GDM is present in all ages of the participants. We conclude that predisposition to GDM is higher in advanced maternal age. Significant increased free β-hCG concentration, increased maternal weight, increased Crown – rump length and decreased nuchal translucency has been reported in pregnant women that were diagnosed with GDM.
1.4. Conclusion: GDM is the most common medical and metabolic complication seen in pregnancy. Women who are at high risk of developing GDM should be appropriately screened to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity. Early diagnosis of ‘diabetes in pregnancy’ enables prompt evaluation and treatment. It is clear that GDM does appear to carry increased risk of perinatal complications to both the parturient and her fetus/neonat
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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