1,721,261 research outputs found
The future of electric passenger drones: A roadmap towards the Community Integration of Urban Air Mobility
No full textWorldwide, more and more actors have started to speak out their belief in a future with three-dimensional mobility as one of the solutions for congesting and polluted cities. Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing vehicles – more popularly referred to as drones – are supposed to relieve the current infrastructure network, mainly roads, and quickly transport cargo and people through the sky to their desired location. This new mode of transportation is also called Urban Air Mobility (UAM). To make UAM a reality, three main components are required: the aircraft and aircrew, the management of the airspace and the integration in the community. Over the last years, the industry has made major steps in the first two aspects. However, the community integration of UAM – which is about infrastructure, social acceptance and regulations, among others – has fallen behind, as cities are barely preparing themselves for this new transportation mode. Still, UAM may become a reality much earlier than those cities may expect. When that happens, cities will have to be prepared for this. It is therefore important to explore what it means and takes when UAM is integrated into a community. It is the latter which forms the fundament for this research. Where the literature extensively discusses the aircraft and airspace integration, a knowledge gap can be identified on the community integration of UAM. For this reason, the main goal for the research was to analyze the required changes in the urban mobility regime, which challenges this will cause and what actions communities can take in preparation for UAM. To contribute to the understanding of the subject and analyze the practical elaboration of UAM Community Integration, the research tried to answer the question how the transition of Urban Air Mobility can be realised in communities, which formed the main research question. To answer the research question, a qualitative approach was chosen, recommended to be used when the investigated phenomenon is new and when the investigator seeks to answer “why” and “how” questions. A combination of different qualitative data gathering methods was adopted: literature reviews and semi-structured interviews. This thesis shows that there is a lot involved in the transition from two-dimensional to three-dimensional urban transport, or Urban Air Mobility. The transition is driven by large-scale developments such as urbanization, mobility growth and climate change, putting pressure on the mobility regime. Besides, there are technological innovations in development, such as battery and communication technologies and automation, which the development of UAM as a new mode of transportation will depend on. In addition, there are internal frictions in the existing mobility system, such as congestion, which require new, sustainable mobility solutions. The comparison between the existing and future mobility regime – the latter including UAM – makes clear that the community integration of UAM requires changes in every single dimension in the mobility regime. This is accompanied by various challenges and requires actions from cities. Major challenges are mainly found within the dimensions of sectoral policy, infrastructure and culture or symbolic meaning. The most important actions that cities can take therefore also address these challenges. For example, there are currently a patchwork of rules that restrict or prohibit the use of drones and thus make UAM virtually impossible. This requires standardization of rules, which above all allow the use of drones, while respecting the social impact that drones can have. Furthermore, there is usually a lack of existing infrastructure, which means that new infrastructure must be developed. However, the limited space, suitability of existing buildings, financial feasibility and social value of UAM are some important factors that make infrastructure development within urban centers a challenging task. Cities will have to identify suitable locations for vertiports, taking these types of factors into account. Existing energy capacity can also be an obstacle. Whereas typical passenger vehicle DC fast charging typically ranges from 50kW-350kW, UAM requires charging capacities of up to 600 kW. To provide this, cities may have to make adjustments to their existing energy network. Finally, UAM will likely have a significant social impact in terms of noise, horizon pollution, privacy, safety and price,. The risk of social resistance is therefore high. It is important that cities anticipate this by, among other things, informing and educating the community about UAM, carrying out pilot projects and drawing up social guidelines. Other actions that cities can take to prepare for UAM include the exploration of potential user practices and the definition and division of stakeholder roles, among others. To conclude, the realization of UAM in communities is only in its infancy and involves an extensive process of (interdependent) developments and actions. Once the variety of niche-innovations have developed into a more mature state – which can still take several years –, UAM will be able to start its breakthrough into the urban mobility regime. This transition requires changes in all regime dimensions. The integration in the community will have impact in different ways, of which it is assumed that the spatial, energy and social domains will be impacted most. Challenges rise, mainly with regard to the sectoral policy, infrastructure and culture or symbolic meaning within the mobility regime. In order to realise the transition of UAM in communities, these must be addressed. This thesis proposed some of the more important actions that communities can take for the community integration of UAM. These are outlined in the final roadmap, which should give the final answer on how the transition of UAM can be realized in communities. The research recommends cities to take up the identified actions for UAM community integration. They provide an insight into what needs to be done to enable the community integration of UAM. This research has taken a first, exploratory step in the right direction, but the identified actions - logically - have no outcome yet. Further research into these actions is therefore required. Cities are therefore recommended to continue with this, so that they can find an answer to the implicit research questions that lie hidden in these actions.Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineerin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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