79 research outputs found
Objective Measures of Immediate “Energizing” Effect of Light: Studies Review and Data Analysis
No full textWhile the energizing effect of light has been known since the early years of light therapy, its reliable detection using objective measures is still not well-established. This review aims to ascertain the immediate energizing effect of light and determine its best indicators. Sixty-four articles published before July 2022 were included in the review. The articles described 72 (sub-)studies performed in healthy individuals. Fourteen measures were analyzed. The analysis showed that light causes an energizing effect that can be best documented by measuring core (rectal) body temperature: the proportion of the studies revealing increasing, unchanging, and decreasing rectal temperature was 13/6/1. The second most suitable indicator was heart rate (10/22/1), which showed concordant changes with rectal temperature (a trend, seven mutual studies). There is no evidence from the reviewed articles that oxygen consumption, skin conductance, blood pressure, heart rate variability, non-rectal inner temperature (combined digestive, tympanic, and oral), skin temperature, or cortisol levels can provide light effect detection. Four other measures were found to be unsuitable as well but with less certainty due to the low number of studies (≤3): skin blood flow, noradrenaline, salivary alpha-amylase, and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. On the other hand, light exposure had a noticeable effect on sympathetic nerve activity measured using microneurography; however, this measure can be accepted as a marker only tentatively as it was employed in a single study. The analysis took into account three factors—study limitation in design/analysis, use of light in day- or nighttime, and relative brightness of the light stimulus—that were found to significantly influence some of the analyzed variables. The review indicates that the energizing effect of light in humans can be reliably detected using rectal temperature and heart rate
Author’s dual-core literary concepts within the theory of text world
No full textThe article is devoted to literary concepts. The author examines the transfer of a cognitive concept into a literary concept. The existence of the author's literary concept is substantiated. The author of the article clearly distinguishes between a literary concept and an author's concep
Melatonin Treatment of Winter Depression Following Total Sleep Deprivation: Waking EEG and Mood Correlates
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Stimulatory Effect of Morning Bright Light on Reproductive Hormones and Ovulation: Results of a Controlled Crossover Trial
No full textStudies have shown a shortening of the menstrual cycle following light exposure in women with abnormally long menstrual cycles or with winter depression, suggesting that artificial light can influence reproductive hormones and ovulation. The study was designed to investigate this possibility.Placebo-controlled, crossover, counterbalanced order.Medical centres and participants' homes in Novosibirsk (55°N), Russia.Twenty-two women, aged 19–37 years, with baseline menstrual cycle length 28.1–37.8 d and no clinically evident endocrine abnormalities completed the study. The study lasted for two menstrual cycles separated by at least one off-protocol cycle.During one experimental cycle, bright light was administered at home for 1 wk with a light box emitting white light at 4,300 lux at 41 cm for 45 min shortly after awakening. During the other experimental cycle, dim light was <100 lux at 41 cm with a one-tube fluorescent source.Blood samples and ultrasound scans were obtained in the afternoon before and after the week of light exposure, on day ∼7 and 14 after menstruation onset. Further ultrasound scans after day 14 documented ovulation. Serum was assayed for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estradiol (E2). = 0.034).Morning exposure to bright light in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle stimulates the secretion of hypophyseal reproductive hormones, promotes ovary follicle growth, and increases ovulation rates in women with slightly lengthened menstrual cycles. This might be a promising method to overcome infertility
Czech phraseological unit modré pondělí ‘blue Monday’ on a foreign background: from archaic to neology
No full textСтатья посвящена вопросу о происхождении чешского фразеологизма modré pondělí ʻсиний понедельникʼ в двух его значениях: архаическом ʻне работать в понедельникʼ и новом ʻсамый депрессивный день в годуʼ. Благодаря изучению документов и работ по истории ремесел в Богемии, а также диалектной лексики выясняются истоки обычая. Автор развивает этимологическую гипотезу братьев Гримм. Название „синий” связано с обрядами средневекового карнавала перед началом Великого поста. Впервые проводится сопоставление с традицией свободного от работы понедельника, которая существовала в украинской народной культуре только для замужних женщин, причем это право оговаривалось в брачном договоре. На основе совокупности лингвистических, исторических и этнографических данных автор приходит к выводу, что общий для германцев и славян мотив „синего понедельника” развивался дважды: в одном случае как фрагмент средневековой традиции, а в другом – как элемент современного маркетингового приема с учетом символики синего цвета и суеверного представления о понедельнике как тяжелом дне недели.The article is dedicated to the origin of the Czech phraseological unit modré pondělí ‘blue Monday’ within its two meanings: an archaic one ‘not to work on a Monday’ and a new one ‘the most depressing day of the year’. Through the study of documents and works on the history of crafts in Bohemia, as well as dialect vocabulary, the origins of this custom are clarified. The author develops the etymological hypothesis by the Brothers Grimm. The name ‘blue’ is connected with the rites of medieval carnival before the beginning of the Lent. For the first time, a comparison is made with the tradition of a work-free Monday, which existed in Ukrainian folk culture only for married women, and this right was stipulated in the marriage contract. Based on a combination of linguistic, historical and ethnographic data, the author comes to a conclusion that the common theme of a „Blue Monday” for Germanic and Slavic people has developed twice: in one case, as a fragment of the medieval tradition, and in the other, as an element of the modern marketing technique, taking into account the blue symbols and a superstitious view of Monday as a hard day of the week
In memoria essays in the works of V. Danilenko
No full textУ статті проаналізовано жанрові особливості есею-меморіуму як окремого різновиду письменницького есею. Закцентовано увагу на специфіці цього твору в порівнянні з некрологом і портретним есеєм, наголошено на його місці і ролі в сучасному письменстві. Спеціально досліджено окремі есеї in memoria у творчості В. Даниленка, зокрема присвячені Н. Зборовській та Ю. Ґудзю. Наголошено на ролі і специфіці низки мотивів у цих творах, своєрідності заголовків, образній характеристиці, функціях деталей, полідискурсивності тощо. Зроблено висновки про есей in memoria як окрему дискурсивну практику, що виникла внаслідок поєднання декількох жанрів і дискурсів, наділену особливими можливостями створення образу померлої людини і образу автора водночас.The article analyzes the genre features of the memorial essays as a separate type
of essay. Emphasis is placed on the specifics of this work in comparison with the
obituary and portrait essays while high lighting its place and role in modern writing.
Some in memoria essays in the works of V. Danylenko, dedicated to N. Zborovska and
Y. Gudz, have been specially studied. The role and specificity of a number of motives
in these works, originality of titles, figurative characteristics, functions of details,
polydiscursivity, etc. are emphasized. Conclusions are made about the inmemoria
essayas a separate discursive practice, which arose as a result of a combination of
several genres and discourses, endowed with special opportunities to create the image
of the deceased and the image of the author at the same time
МЕНТАЛЬНІ ПІДВАЛИНИ РЕЛІГІЙНОГО СВІТОБАЧЕННЯ Т. ШЕВЧЕНКА (The mental base of T. Shevchenko’s religious world outlook )
No full textСтаття присвячена розгляду ментальної специфіки релігійного світогляду Т. Шевченка. У ній
представлено основні характеристики релігійності українського народу та проаналізовано вплив
етнопсихологічних чинників на їхнє формування. У процесі дослідження з’ясовано, що релігійне світобачення
поета
тісно пов’язане з українською
ментальністю (The article is dedicated to the analysis of the mental base of T. Shevchenko’s religious world outlook.
The author elucidates the main traits of the Ukrainian people’s religiousity and analyses the influence of
ethnopsychological factors on their development. According to research it makes a conclusion that the poet’s
religious world outlook intimately connected with Ukrainian mentality. The lines of this connection were such
creations spiritual and world outlooking as: a Christian “cult of the man”, Christian “patriotism”, religious
and cult’s aesthetics, “gospelіous Christianity”, religious tolerance. The reflection of deep ethnoreligious
bases it watches in the poet’s understanding of God, his creation of image of God’s Mother also in his refusal
of religious asceticism.
In this article it was investigated that the belief in world outlook of Ukrainian’s people is an individual
vital position. The personality always has a charter to choose a religion as for own internal ideal. The
Ukrainians are the actors, but not the spectators in their contacts with God.
The author believes, that a recognition of a value of every man and different ways of its liberty (in religious
sphere also) generated a respect оf Ukrainians to spiritual achievements of other peoples. The Christian
“cult of the man”, which was linked with religious tolerance, takes an important place in T. Shevchenko’s
world outlook and his creative inheritance. It is an evidence of his spiritual connection with ethnoreligious
views.
It was elucidated in this article that strict religious asceticism and deep obedience of believers were
unacceptable nor for the poet neither for Ukrainians. The God, in their religious views, loves a man. The
personality feels an intimate connection in communication with Him, but not a panic fear. The God is
their hope and support. He is a personification of justice and, at the same time of love to every man. Such
combination permitted to Ukrainians and T. Shevchenko to address freely to God and demand of organizing
the order in society.
The one of personal traits of T. Shevchenko’s religious views that he stressed in life and creation on the
“natural” religion, which rejects a ritual formalism, corresponds to high spiritual and mental needs of the
every man.
In generally, Ukrainian’s people, in spite of certain liberty in own spiritual world outlook, is very religious,
analogously, the religion also took an important place in T. Shevchenko’s life
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