1,721,053 research outputs found
AKT inhibitor KP372-1 induces growth arrest, apoptosis and down-regulation of phospho-AKT and phospho-ERK1/2 in primary AML cells.
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Pro-apoptotic synergistic interactions between ERK1/2 and Bcl-2 inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia cells.
No full textWe previously reported that activation of the Ras/MEK/ERK signaling pathway alone or in combination with high levels of Bcl-2 confers poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemias (AML). In this study, we investigated whether the simultaneous disruption of these two pathways by pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 and Bcl-2 utilizing novel small molecule inhibitors would induce pro-apoptotic activity in myeloid leukemic cells. For inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling, we utilized the MEK inhibitor CI-1040 (Pfizer Global Research and Development). Functional Bcl-2 inhibition was achieved by the novel BH3 peptide binding domain inhibitor A438744.7 (Abbott Laboratories). A dose-dependent increase in apoptosis as assessed by an increase in phosphatidylserine externalization was observed in OCI-AML3 cells after 24h incubation with CI-1040 or A438744.7 (both in a range between 0.25 and 2 μM). When these agents were used in combination at a fixed 1:1 ratio, a dramatic enhancement of cell killing was observed especially at lower concentrations (70.63%±9.95 Annexin V+ cells at 0.25 μM of each compound). Isobologram analysis (Chou and Talalay method) revealed a Combination Index (CI) < 1 (CI=0.114 and 0.436 at 0.25 μM and 2 μM, respectively) suggesting the strongly synergistic nature of these interactions. In addition, combined treatment with CI-1040 and A438744.7 resulted in a substantial increase of mitochondrial damage and caspase cleavage. Pre-incubation (1-hour) with a pan-caspase inhibitor (IDN-1965) was able to completely abrogate sensitivity to the inhibitors. We further demonstrated that bcl-2 overexpression prevented induction of apoptosis by low doses of both, MEK and BH3 inhibitors, whereas enforced Bcl-XL expression essentially abrogated the lethal effects of A438744.7, but not of CI-1040. Finally, to evaluate whether the combined strategy of ERK1/2 and Bcl-2 inhibition would be potentially applicable to leukemia patients, primary cells were isolated from AML samples and exposed to CI-1040 and A438744.7, as single agents or in combination at a 1:1 ratio for up to 96 hours. In each sample, drugs administrated individually were minimally toxic. Co-administration of CI-1040 and BH3 inhibitors displayed strong synergistic lethal effects toward primary cells from AML patients (CI=0.45±0.42 at 0.25 μM and CI=0.20±0.22 at 0.5 μM after 48h incubation). In conclusion, simultaneous exposure to nanomolar concentrations of MEK and bcl-2 inhibitors induced mitochondrial dysfunction, caspases activation and striking synergistic pro-apoptotic activity in myeloid leukemic cells. Similar synergistic interactions occured in primary AML samples. Together, these data strongly suggest that therapeutic strategies combining MEK and Bcl-2 inhibitors warrant further examination in AML
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