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Differential associations of systolic and diastolic time rate of blood pressure variation with carotid atherosclerosis and plaque echogenicity.
No full textThe importance of variability in blood pressure (BP) in the clinical effects of hypertension is established now by many newer data, which converge in this direction. The role of the BP variability evaluation tends to be very important for risk assessment of hypertensive patients. In recent years, the 24-hour recording of BP (ABPM) consists the cornerstone for both diagnosis and treatment of BP, while several recent studies link the time rate of blood pressure variability, which is defined as the first derivative of BP values against the time and is a measure of BP variability, with damages in target-organs of hypertension such as the heart and the kidneys. Regarding the correlation between the time rate of BP and the carotid atheromatosis as target-organ damage, it has been observed that time rate of BP is related to the presence of subclinical atheromatosis and it is correlated with the intima-media thickness (IMT) of carotid arteries. Although IMT is an indicator of increased cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients, during athero- and arteriosclerosis complications, the development of advanced atheromatosis mediates, through the creation of atherosclerotic plaques, some of which develop characteristics of instability with final result the rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque and severe cardiovascular events.It is therefore important to examine the relation between the variability of the BP with such advanced atherosclerosis indicators that are strongly associated with cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, the results of such a research could provide new data in the pathophysiological process of the effect of BP variability in atheromatosis and its complications as target-organ damage, in hypertension.The aim of this doctoral thesis is to demonstrate the mechanisms that link the time rate of blood pressure to the development of atheromatosis in later stages, concerning namely the creation of atherosclerotic plaques and their formation.The study population consisted of 237 consecutive patients, hypertensives and normotensives, who attended the Hypertension Clinic of Alexandra Hospital.The main finding of this doctoral thesis is the independent, statistically significant correlation of the time rate of systolic 24-hour BP with the low echogenicity of atherosclerotic plaques. Moreover, the second finding is the independent correlation between the time rate of diastolic BP during the night and the presence and number of atherosclerotic plaques. In conclusion, this thesis revealed the existence of strong and independent correlation between the time rate of blood pressure and the extent of atherosclerosis and the composition of atherosclerotic plaque in a population of normotensive and hypertensive individuals. This finding provides new clinical data regarding the pathophysiology of the effect of the high variability of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in atherosclerosis. Newer prospectives studies are needed in this direction.Η σημασία της μεταβλητότητας της αρτηριακής πίεσης (ΑΠ) στις κλινικές επιπτώσεις της υπέρτασης εγκαθιδρύεται πλεόν από πληθώρα νεότερων δεδομένων που συγκλίνουν προς αυτή την κατεύθυνση. Ο ρόλος της αξιολόγησης της μεταβλητότητας της ΑΠ τείνει να γίνει πολύ σημαντικός για την εκτίμηση του κινδύνου των υπερτασικών ασθενών. Τα τελευταία χρόνια, η 24-ώρη καταγραφή της ΑΠ (ABPM) αποτελεί τον ακρογωνιαίο λίθο τόσο για την διάγνωση όσο και την θεραπεία της ΑΠ, ενώ πολλές πρόσφατες έρευνες συνδέουν την ταχύτητα μεταβολής της ΑΠ, η οποία ορίζεται ως η πρώτη παράγωγος των τιμών της ΑΠ έναντι του χρόνου και αποτελεί έναν δείκτη μέτρησης της μεταβλητότητας της ΑΠ, με βλάβες σε όργανα στόχους της υπέρτασης, όπως στην καρδιά και στους νεφρούς. Όσον αφορά στην συσχέτιση της ταχύτητας μεταβολής της ΑΠ με την αθηρωμάτωση των καρωτίδων ως βλάβης οργάνου-στόχου, έχει παρατηρηθεί ότι σχετίζεται με την παρουσία αρχόμενης υποκλινικής αθηρωμάτωσης και ενδεχομένως υπερπλασίας του αρτηριακού τοιχώματος στις καρωτίδες αρτηρίες, όπως αυτή εκφράζεται με το πάχος του έσω-μεσου χιτώνα (ΙΜΤ). Παρόλο που το ΙΜΤ αποτελεί δείκτη αυξημένου καρδιαγγειακού κινδύνου στους υπερτασικούς ασθενείς, στη διαδικασία των επιπλοκών της αθηρο- και αρτηριοσκλήρυνσης μεσολαβεί η ανάπτυξη προχωρημένης αθηρωμάτωσης με τη δημιουργία αθηρωματικών πλακών, κάποιες από τις οποίες αναπτύσσουν χαρακτηριστικά αστάθειας με τελικό αποτέλεσμα τη ρήξη της αθηρωματικής πλάκας και σοβαρά καρδιαγγειακά συμβάματα. Συνεπώς, είναι σημαντικό να εξετασθεί η σχέση της μεταβλητότητας της ΑΠ με τέτοιους δείκτες προχωρημένης αθηρωμάτωσης οι οποίοι σχετίζονται ισχυρότερα με τον καρδιαγγειακό κίνδυνο. Επιπλεόν, τα αποτελέσματα μίας τέτοιας μελέτης θα μπορούσαν να προσφέρουν νέα δεδομένα στην παθοφυσιολογική διαδικασία της επίδρασης της μεταβλητότητας της ΑΠ στην αθηρωμάτωση και τις επιπλοκές της ως βλάβη οργάνου-στόχου στην υπέρταση. Σκοπός της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι να υποδείξει τους μηχανισμούς που συνδέουν την ταχύτητα μεταβολής της αρτηριακής πίεσης με την εξέλιξη της αθηρωμάτωσης σε προχωρημένα στάδια, όσον αφορά δηλαδή την δημιουργία των αθηρωματικών πλακών και την σύσταση αυτών.Τον πληθυσμό της μελέτης αποτέλεσαν 237 συνεχείς ασθενείς υπερτασικοί και νορμοτασικοί, οι οποίοι προσήλθαν στο Υπερτασικό Ιατρείο του Νοσοκομείου Αλεξάνδρα.Το κύριο εύρημα της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι η ανεξάρτητη, στατιστικώς σημαντική συσχέτιση της ταχύτητας μεταβολής της συστολικής ΑΠ 24-ώρου με την ευάλωτη αθηρωματική πλάκα όπως αυτή εκτιμάται από έναν δείκτη ηχογένειας των αθηρωματικών πλακών. Επιπλεόν, το δεύτερο εύρημα είναι η ανεξάρτητη συσχέτιση της ταχύτητας μεταβολής της διαστολικής ΑΠ κατά τη διάρκεια της νύχτας με την παρουσία και τον αριθμό των αθηρωματικών πλακών. Συμπερασματικά, η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή ανέδειξε την ύπαρξη σημαντικής και ανεξάρτητης συσχέτισης μεταξύ της ταχύτητας μεταβολής της αρτηριακής πίεσης και της έκτασης της αθηρωμάτωσης και σύστασης της αθηρωματικής πλάκας σε ένα πληθυσμό νορμοτασικών και υπερτασικών ατόμων. Το εύρημα αυτό παρέχει νέα κλινικά δεδομένα όσον αφορά στην παθοφυσιολογία της επίδρασης της υψηλής μεταβλητότητας της συστολικής και διαστολικής αρτηριακής πίεσης στην αθηρωμάτωση. Επίσης υποδεικνύει ότι η παράμετρος αυτή θα μπορούσε να αποτελεί δείκτη καρδιαγγειακού κινδύνου και ίσως θεραπευτικό στόχο στην υπέρταση. Χρειάζονται νέες προοπτικές μελέτες προς αυτή την κατέυθυνση
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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