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ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНИМИ ПРОЄКТАМИ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВІ
Get PDFModern business conditions, characterized by the dynamic changes of the external environment, the rapid pace of scientific and technological progress, and the constant shortening of the life cycle of goods and services, compel enterprises to systematically search for sources to improve their operational efficiency. It has been established that achieving the set goals is possible if the enterprise chooses an innovative development path as a key factor in gaining sustainable competitive advantages. It is substantiated that the implementation of innovative development within an enterprise is achieved through the introduction of a set of effective, diverse, and multifaceted innovation projects. At the same time, it is appropriate to define the effectiveness of an enterprise’s innovative development through the effectiveness of the totality of its innovation projects. It is noted that the justification of the effectiveness of an innovation project should be based on functional aspects such as technical, commercial, institutional, social, environmental, financial, and economic factors. The necessity of applying project analysis methodology in the management of an enterprise’s innovation projects is proven. This methodology makes it possible to solve a number of urgent issues, namely: to foresee all consequences of innovation project implementation, which may be either positive or negative; to determine the external and internal conditions for implementing project decisions by establishing their qualitative and quantitative characteristics; to minimize the risks of errors during the preparation and implementation of the enterprise’s innovation projects; and to ensure the successful functioning of planned projects through project risk management. The types of break-even points for innovation projects are systematized, distinguishing between the accounting break-even point (which covers accounting costs, including constant costs with depreciation charges), the cash break-even point (which covers only constant costs), and the financial break-even point (which allows to recover the amount invested into the project at zero profitability in future). A method for calculating the financial break-even point of an enterprise’s innovation projects is proposed, particularly under conditions of producing several types of products or the asynchronous implementation of projects during the innovation development process. This method establishes the critical production volume capable of covering not only current expenses but also the amount of investments through annuity payments. The practical value of the research lies in the possibility of applying the proposed methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative projects in the practical activities of Ukrainian enterprises.Сучасні умови господарювання, яким притаманна динамічна зміна зовнішнього середовища, швидкий темп науково-технічного прогресу та постійне скорочення життєвого циклу товарів і послуг, змушують підприємства систематично здійснювати пошук джерел підвищення ефективності своєї діяльності. Встановлено, що досягнення поставленої мети можливе за умов обрання підприємством інноваційного шляху розвитку як ключового фактору здобуття стійких конкурентних переваг. Обґрунтовано, що реалізація інноваційного розвитку на підприємстві досягається за умови впровадження на ньому сукупності ефективних різнотипних і різнопланових інноваційних проєктів. При цьому правомірним є визначення ефективності інноваційного розвитку підприємства як ефективності сукупності його інноваційних проєктів. Зазначено, що в основі обґрунтування ефективності інноваційного проєкту повинні бути такі функціональні аспекти, як: технічний, комерційний, інституційний, соціальний, екологічний, фінансовий та економічний. Доведено необхідність застосування методології проєктного аналізу в управлінні інноваційними проєктами підприємства, яка дозволяє вирішити ряд нагальних проблем, а саме: передбачити всі наслідки реалізації інноваційних проєктів, що можуть носити як позитивний, так і негативний характер; визначити зовнішні та внутрішні умови реалізації проєктних рішень з встановленням їх якісних та кількісних характеристик; мінімізувати ризики помилок при підготовці та реалізації інноваційних проєктів підприємства; забезпечити успішне функціонування запроектованих проєктів шляхом управління проектними ризиками. Систематизовано види точок беззбитковості інноваційних проєктів із виокремленням бухгалтерської (перекриває бухгалтерські витрати – тобто постійні витрати з амортизаційними відрахуваннями), готівкової (покриває лише постійні витрати) та фінансової точки беззбитковості (дозволяє повернути в майбутньому також вкладену у проєкт суму інвестицій з нульовою прибутковістю). Запропоновано методику розрахунку фінансової точки беззбитковості інноваційних проєктів підприємства за умов випуску декількох видів продукції або різночасової реалізації проєктів у процесі інноваційного розвитку, що встановлює критичний обсяг виробництва, спроможний компенсувати не тільки поточні витрати, а й суму інвестицій через ануїтетні платежі. Практична цінність дослідження полягає в можливості застосування запропонованої методики оцінки ефективності інноваційних проєктів в практичній діяльності вітчизняних підприємств
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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