323,414 research outputs found
DS_10.1177_0022034518809086 – Supplemental material for A Chemical Approach to Optimizing Bioactive Glass Dental Composites
No full textSupplemental material, DS_10.1177_0022034518809086 for A Chemical Approach to Optimizing Bioactive Glass Dental Composites by S. Aponso, J.G. Ummadi, H. Davis, J. Ferracane and D. Koley in Journal of Dental Research</p
Social Capital as Engagement and Belief Revision
No full textSocial Capital or “goodwill” is an essential ingredient of any collective activity – be it commercial, cultural or administrative activity. In online environments, several models have been pursued for recording and utilizing social capital based on signals including likes or upvotes. Such explicitly stated signals are susceptible to impulsive behavior and hyperinflation. In this paper, we develop an implicit model for social capital based on the extent of engagement generated by any participant’s activities, and the way this engagement leads to a belief revision about the participant from other members of the community. Two kinds of social capital measures are proposed: an authority score that indicates engagement, and a citizenship score that calibrates value-addition made by a user as a result of engaging with others’ content. The proposed model is implemented in two online communities showing different kinds of content authorities, supported by a strong community of engaged citizens
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Electrochemical advancement of solid state ion selective electrodes
No full textThe general theme of this dissertation is the development of new analytical sensors to quantitatively study biological and environmental samples in aqueous and non-aqueous environments. A platinum ultramicroelectrode (UME) and a unique carbon-based pH microprobe were used to design a new SECM-based electrochemical bioassay. The Pt UME was used to distinguish between different strains of acid-producing Streptococcus mutans oral bacteria based on height and morphological features. The pH microprobe was used to quantitatively measure the pH above the three different S.Mutans biofilms as a biomarker to study dental caries disease. This dissertation focuses on precisely controlling electrochemically deposited ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) copolymerized with an alkoxysulfonate derivative of EDOT as a stable and tunable self-doped PEDOT/PEDOT-S copolymer to select for different properties. PEDOT/PEDOT-S copolymer was used as a solid contact material for new monovalent and divalent calibration free ion-selective electrodes. PEDOT/PEDOT-S was also used to fabricate a new solid-state reference electrode with a unique in situ PTFE-AF coating for both aqueous and nonaqueous electroanalytical measurements while satisfying the need for true reference electrode nonaqueous solutions.
A two-probe scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM)-based bioassay was used to characterize the height, morphology, and pH above three live bacterial biofilms. A 25 μm Pt electrode was used as an SECM probe to quantitatively map the morphology, height, and volume of the biofilm surface. A second probe, a unique carbon-based fast response pH microprobe, was used to quantify the local metabolic activity by quantitively measuring the pH profile above the three different biofilms when fed with sucrose. S. mutans B04Sm5 wild-type (WT) was recently isolated from early childhood dental caries patients and was found to produce a new N-acyl tetramic acid called mutanocyclin. An SECM characterization of the WT immediately after sucrose feeding found that the pH of the acidic environment 50 μm above the biofilm was 4.42 ± 0.54 (N=5). A laboratory strain S. mutans UA 159 had a pH of 5.21 ± 0.22 (N=4), and a variant of S. mutans B04Sm5 (MUTD) produced a local environment pH of 4.51 ± 0.40 (N=7). The change in the pH of the local environment normalized by height for the three strains showed the WT: 0.09 ± 0.02 (ΔpH ⁄ μm) (N=3), MUTD 0.05 ± 0.01 (ΔpH ⁄ μm) (N=7), and UA 159: 0.03 (ΔpH ⁄ μm) (N=2). A comparison of WT with the laboratory strain UA 159 showed that the pH of the local environment for WT was more acidic than UA 159 (p=0.043, 95%). There was no statistical deference between the WT and MUTD strains.
A unique back contact made of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and 4-(2,3-dihydrothieno [3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-2-yl-methoxy)-1-butanesulfonic acid, sodium salt (EDOT-S) was designed as a back contact for calibration free monovalent and divalent solid state ion selective electrodes (ISEs). The calibration free ISEs showed near Nernstian responses of 57.2 ± 0.2 mV/log [K+] and 28.5 ± 0.3 mV/log [Ca2+] while maintaining their respective selectivity against major interfering ions. The detection limits for Ca2+ and K+ ISEs were 0.45 ± 0.01 mM and 1.68 ± 0.18 mM, respectively. The charging cycles of the PEDOT/PEDOT-S back contact allowed us to fix the background potential at a desired fixed intercept value across different ionophores (K+, Ca2+). This protocol was used to determine the content of K+ and Ca2+ in creek water samples. The concentration of [Ca2+] and [K+] in a local creek was 257 ± 7.3 mM (N=6) and 28.1± 1.1 mM (N=3), respectively.
Currently, there is no reference electrode that is adequate for both aqueous and organic solutions. Silver-silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) is the most widely used reference for aqueous potentiometry and amperometry experiments. This reference is particularly robust due to the half-reaction of Ag/AgCl, but the stability of the potential can change with wire strain and requires a cumbersome liquid salt bridge or complex polymer membranes. The leaching of ions can contaminate the samples, rendering them unsuitable for applications requiring a limited sample volume (e.g., wearable sensors). In nonaqueous solutions, a liquid junction of unknown potential occurs due to an unmissable aqueous salt bridge and a nonaqueous sample. Water and ion leakage into the organic phase plague Ag/AgCl electrodes in nonaqueous solutions. A self-doped PEDOT/PEDOT-S solid state reference electrode with high mechanical and chemical durability and in situ PTFE-AF coating was designed to maintain a fixed potential based on the ratio of oxidized species to reduced species in the polymer as indicated by the Nernst equation. The PEDOT/PEDOT-S reference characterized versus ferrocene in acetonitrile with 0.1 M TBAPF6 had a stable potential of 0.411 V ± 0.008 V versus ferrocene over 14 days (N=3). The single junction PTFE-AF coated PEDOT/PEDOT-S electrode showed a potential of 0.397 V ± 0.009 V characterized versus ferrocene (2100 cycles) (N=3). For nonaqueous applications where size is not limited, we designed a double junction form of the PEDOT/PEDOT-S solid state reference electrode with a potential of 0.384 V versus ferrocene that did not change over four days (3100 cycles)
Creighton Law Review
No full textFIRST PARAGRAPH(S)|When the Omaha World-Herald Foundation, John Gottschalk and other members of the World-Herald management team contributed funds to Creighton University School of Law to establish The James L. Koley '54 Scholarship in Constitutional Law, I was both honored and deeply humbled by their generosity. As a 1954 graduate of the Creighton University School of Law, I have fond memories from my time as a student at Creighton and great respect for the quality of education provided to so many fine people who have become outstanding members of the legal profession...2004-2005741383
Students group with Thomas S. Bowdern, SJ.
No full textStudents group with Thomas S. Bowdern, SJ., Back Row; Don Bruckner. Tex O'Neil, Lee Bloomingdale, Front Row: Bob Klein, Fr. Bowdern, Jim Koley
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
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