1,720,953 research outputs found
Contextualismo epistêmico: uma resposta ao ceticismo
Full text linkEsta dissertação explora a teoria do contextualismo epistêmico de Stewart Cohen. Em particular, como a teoria se sai como uma tentativa de solução para os principais paradoxos céticos que atualmente representam um problema para a perspectiva falibilista na epistemologia. Para começar, a dissertação apresenta uma visão geral introdutória do cenário epistemológico imediatamente anterior às primeiras publicações contextualistas. Esta visão geral consiste em uma análise muito breve do caso das Zebras de Fred Dretske e dos quebra-cabeças céticos nele contidos, seguido por um breve resumo das condições históricas necessárias para o conhecimento, com ênfase no paradigma evidencial e limiar evidencial, bem como em como eles podem se relacionar com a visão falibilista e o caso de Dretske. A dissertação então explora brevemente o contextualismo Lewisiano em uma tentativa de demonstrar a potência que objeções céticas podem e também tentando colher alguns insights que podem apoiar melhor uma perspectiva contextualista sobre justificação e evidência.Posteriormente, a dissertação busca introduzir a teoria contextualista por meio de alguns de seus cenários motivadores mais famosos: o caso do aeroporto, o caso do banco e o caso do estacionamento. Em seguida, o texto explora as particularidades da teoria de Cohen por meio da maneira como ela resolve esses quebra-cabeças céticos. Ele faz isso examinando a visão do contextualista sobre evidência e justificação, sua proposta para uma mudança no paradigma evidencial, as razões pelas quais os contextos podem mudar e como o cético busca tirar vantagem de uma negligência histórica do papel do contexto no conhecimento para argumentar em favor do ceticismo. Por fim, a dissertação exibe as respostas de Cohen a algumas objeções, a saber: a objeção da cegueira semântica, a objeção da gradatividade/gradabilidade, a objeção que vincula conhecimento e afirmação e a objeção sobre contextualismo e raciocínio prático. Posteriormente, a dissertação elabora sobre a própria resposta e objeções de Cohen à principal teoria contextualista concorrente.This dissertation explores Stewart Cohen’s theory of epistemic contextualism. In particular how the theory fares as an attempted solution to key skeptical paradoxes currently posing a problem for the falibilist perspective in epistemology. To start, the dissertation presents and introductory overview of the epistemological landscape just prior to the first contextualist publications. This overview consists of a very brief analysis of Fred Dretske’s Zebra case and the skeptical puzzles therein, followed by a short summary of the historical conditions for knowledge, with an emphasis on the evidential paradigm, evidential threshold as well as to how they might relate to the falibilist view and Dretske’s case. The dissertation then briefly explores Lewisian contextualism in an attempt at demonstrating the potency of the skeptical objections can have to a theory and also by attempting to glean a few insights that might better support a contextualist outlook on justification and evidence.Subsequently, the dissertation seeks to introduce the contextualist theory through a couple of its most famous motivating scenarios: the airport case, the bank case and the parking lot case. Then, the text explores the particularities of Cohen’s theory through the way it resolves these skeptical puzzles. It does this by going over the contextualist’s view on evidence and justification, its proposal for a shift in evidential paradigm, the reasons why contexts can shift and how the skeptic seeks to take advantage of a historical overlooking of the role of context in knowledge to argue in favour of skepticism. Lastly, the dissertation displays Cohen’s replies to a few objections, namely: the semantic blindness objection, the gradativity/gradablity objection, the objection linking knowledge and assertion and the objection regarding contextualism and practical reasoning. Subsequently, the dissertation elaborates on Cohen/s own reply and objections to the chief competing contextualist theory
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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