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Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
No full textKoivula, Matti J. (2005): Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 59 (4): 465-487, DOI: 10.1649/815.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/815.
Fig. 3 in Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
No full textFig. 3. Mean values of species richness and abundances of two carabid species for the roadside samples, and forest samples at distances 25 m and 50 m from the roadsides. Only specimens caught between 28 June and 23 September are included. For statistical significances, consult Table 2 and Appendix 2a.Published as part of <i>Koivula, Matti J., 2005, Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), pp. 465-487 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 59 (4)</i> on page 472, DOI: 10.1649/815.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10105193">http://zenodo.org/record/10105193</a>
Fig. 4 in Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
No full textFig. 4. Median catches of generalist and open-habitat carabids along the roadsides from the forest/clear-cut border. Specimens caught between 15 May and 23 September included. Note that only three roads were included for the open-habitat carabid graph (because of total catch of 1 in one road). For statistical significances of distance gradients, consult Table 2 and Appendix 2b.Published as part of <i>Koivula, Matti J., 2005, Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), pp. 465-487 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 59 (4)</i> on page 473, DOI: 10.1649/815.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10105193">http://zenodo.org/record/10105193</a>
Fig. 1 in Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
No full textFig. 1. The road network in Häme, south-central Finland, in 1955 and in 2001. For the geographical location of the mapped area, see Figure 2. The maps are based on 1:250,000 (''GT'') maps, and complemented by adding forest roads from basic maps (1:20,000) to make them comparable. Boxes within maps show the Hyytiälä study area. Water bodies are shown in gray.Published as part of <i>Koivula, Matti J., 2005, Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), pp. 465-487 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 59 (4)</i> on page 466, DOI: 10.1649/815.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10105193">http://zenodo.org/record/10105193</a>
Fig. 5 in Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
No full textFig. 5. Multivariate Regression Trees for the forest and roadside catches (a) and for the roadside catches only (b). The column graphs show the carabid abundances (27 species included) sorted according to the rank-abundance order of the total sample; scales are log10. For a species list sorted accordingly, see Table 1. The values in parentheses show how many samples (traps) fell into a given end branch. The dash-line box in (a) indicates the result of MRT for forest samples only; for further details, see text.Published as part of <i>Koivula, Matti J., 2005, Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), pp. 465-487 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 59 (4)</i> on page 474, DOI: 10.1649/815.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10105193">http://zenodo.org/record/10105193</a>
Fig. 2 in Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
No full textFig. 2. Study designs of the Hyytiälä and Pornainen studies, and the geographical locations of the two studies. Box shows the area mapped in Figure 1. a. The Hyytiälä study. Black dots indicate pitfall traps operating between 15 May and 23 September, hollow circles indicate traps added in 28 June. b. The Pornainen study. Black dots indicate pitfall traps. In (a) and (b), cross-hatched area is forest, white clear-cut (a) or open farmland (b).Published as part of <i>Koivula, Matti J., 2005, Effects of Forest Roads on Spatial Distribution of Boreal Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), pp. 465-487 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 59 (4)</i> on page 468, DOI: 10.1649/815.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10105193">http://zenodo.org/record/10105193</a>
Responses of boreal ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) to different logging regimes during ten years of secondary succession
No full textMany biological responses may develop over long periods of time, and annual community variation should therefore be controlled in ecological research. We sampled carabid beetles over ten years in Norway spruce dominated forests in Southern Finland, harvested using replicated logging treatments of different intensities. We collected carabids in 1995 (prior to logging) and during four post-harvest seasons, 1996-98 and in 2006. The treatments were clear-cutting (no retained trees), modified clear-cutting (retention of three groups of 20-30 trees within one-hectare core) and gap cutting (three 0.16-ha openings within a one-hectare core), and control (mature unharvested forest).
Carabids showed remarkable annual and regional variation at assemblage, ecological-group and species levels, such that was independent of treatments.
The total species richness, and that of open-habitat carabids, were higher in cleared sites of all treatments than in control stands in 1997-1998 but not in 2006, suggesting that the logging response was ephemeral by many species.
The abundances of forest and generalist carabids were little affected by logging. Open-habitat carabids were more abundant in clear-cuts and modified clear-cuts than in gap cuts, which was still detectable in 2006, suggesting a long-term effect.
Open-habitat carabids were less abundant in retention sites of modified clear-cuts and gap cuts than in cleared sites, suggesting that retention attenuates assemblage change.
Carabid assemblages of logged stands did not differ from control stands in 1996 but they did in 1997-1998, suggesting a one-year delay in logging response.
In 2006, logged and control stands hosted relatively similar assemblages which, together with the above results, suggests a partial faunal recovery. We conclude that even modest retention provides long-term support for forest carabids, but also that their full assemblage recovery takes longer than 10 years
Effects of undergrowth removal and edge proximity on ground beetles in urban boreal forests
No full textUrban forests are regularly managed for human safety and aesthetic reasons, but they are crucial habitat for many species. Removals of undergrowth occur commonly in these forests, yet the ecological consequences of these operations are poorly understood. We sampled ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) along 20-m edge gradients in Finnish urban forests, in five stands treated 0.5−2.5 years earlier with undergrowth removal and in five untreated stands. We hypothesized that undergrowth removal and edge proximity would benefit opportunistic and open-habitat species, whereas shady-habitat species would be affected negatively.
Diversity and evenness indices, open-habitat species and Carabus nemoralis responded positively, and forest species, Leistus terminatus and Pterostichus oblongopunctatus responded negatively, to the undergrowth removal.
Edge proximity had little effect on carabids.
However, open-habitat carabids were less abundant and less speciose 10−20 m from than right at the edge. We conclude that, while managing urban forests, undergrowth removals should be avoided at sites that host rare or threatened forest-associated species
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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