1,721,152 research outputs found
Serial histology and blockface images, mouse heart, 300 sections: Picro Sirius Red histology data with corresponding 0º (regular) and 55º (Brewster angle) blockface images
No full textMouse hearts were excised after Schedule 1 culling according to the UK Home Office guidance on the Operation of Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act of 1986, washed swiftly in 37°C normal Tyrode solution (NaCl 140 mM; KCl 5.4 mM; MgCl2 1 mM; HEPES 5 mM; Glucose 10 mM; CaCl2 1.8 mM; pH 7.4, 30010 mOsm) containing heparin (10u/ml) and then cannulated in cold Tyrode solution with heparin in order to perfuse the coronary vasculature from the aorta. Afterwards, hearts were arrested using modified Tyrode containing elevated potassium (20 mM), fixed by coronary perfusion with 10 mL of the fast-acting Karnovsky's fixative (0.75% formaldehyde, 0.75% glutaraldehyde mix) and stored overnight at 4°C. Hearts then were rinsed in cacodylate buffer (3×), dehydrated by exposure to rising alcohol concentrations (8 h in 25%, followed by 1.5 h in each of 50/70/80/90% alcohol, and 3 × 1.5 h in 100% alcohol), treated with xylene (3 x 1.5 h), infiltrated with wax (24 h in 50% and 48 h in 100%) and embedded in form of wax blocks. Wax blocks were mounted on Leica SM2400 heavy-duty sledge-type microtome and whole hearts were serially sectioned at 10 µm thickness.
Using remote-controlled Canon EOS 450D cameras mounted above the sledge, two photographs of the wax block surface were taken prior to each section (Figure 1), an approach developed by our group in the last years (Casero et al., 2016; Gruscheski et al., 2015; Siedlecka et al., 2013a, 2013b). The first photograph was taken at the Brewster angle for air/paraffin (55° to the surface normal). At this angle, the surface-vertical component of unpolarised incident light is totally transmitted, while most of the surface-horizontal component is reflected. A collection filter, aligned with the horizontal component filters out residual light refracted from lower tissue layers. Thus, the 55° image treats wax as a mirror and displays a negative of the topmost tissue layer, showing good delineation of tissue-wax boundaries. The second photograph was taken top-down (0° to the surface normal) as a reference to correct the perspective distortion in the 55° image.
After cutting, tissue sections were allowed to relax in a water bath (Leica Microsystems, HI 1210) at 39°C for several minutes, and then carefully mounted on positively charged slides (SuperFrost, VWR), aiming for minimal distortion and avoidance of tissue folds. Slides were air-dried overnight, followed by de-waxing and Picro Sirius red-staining, using a Leica AutoStainer XL, ST5010. The stained and coverslipped sections were imaged at high resolution (0.46 µm x 0.46 µm) with Hamamatsu Nanozoomer HT 2.0 and/or Zeiss Axio Scan.Z1 scanners, producing images between 8,862 x 6,643 (86M) and 28,672 x 23,296 pixels (1.2G) depending on tissue sample size.
Casero, R., Siedlecka, U., Jones, E., Gruscheski, L., Johnston, C., Grau, V., Kohl, P., 2016. Block-face imaging of wax-embedded tissue as a necessary step in the three-dimensional reconstruction of the heart structure, in: 82th Annual Meeting of the German Cardiac Society – Cardiac and Circulation Research, March 30. - April 2. - 2016, Mannheim. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany, p. P1685. doi:10.1007/s00392-016-0967-z
Gruscheski, L., Jones, E., Johnston, C.M., Kohl, P., Siedlecka, U., 2015. Dual block-face imaging of wax-embedded whole heart on a motorized rotary microtome for improved serial two-dimensional histology stack acquisition. Proc. Physiol. Soc. Proc Physiol Soc 34.
Siedlecka, U., Casero, R., Burton, R.A., Afonso, C., Bollensdorff, C., Grau, V., Kohl, P., 2013a. Three-dimensional histological reconstruction of the heart guided by block-face imaging of wax-embedded tissue, in: 6th International Workshop on Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling and Arrhythmias, 12 Sep 2013 – 15 Sep 2013. MEC2013. p. #19.
Siedlecka, U., Casero Canas, R., Burton, R., Afonso, C., Bollensdorff, C., Grau, V., Kohl, P., 2013b. Block-face imaging of wax-embedded tissue as a modality to aid three-dimensional histological reconstruction of the heart, in: 37th Congress of IUPS (Birmingham, UK) (2013) Proc 37th IUPS. p. PCD033
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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