1,721,053 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Avian chlamydiosis in chickens: from cell to population
No full textChlamydia gallinacea and Chlamydia psittaci are intracellular bacteria belonging to the Chlamydiaceae family and are a cause of avian chlamydiosis in poultry. C. psittaci was considered the predominant chlamydial species in poultry until C. gallinacea was discovered in 2009. C. psittaci occurs worldwide, is zoonotic and has a wide host range. C. gallinacea is widespread in chickens, and infections appear asymptomatic, but reduced weight gain has been observed in broilers. Studies about the pathogenic potential of C. gallinacea are still limited, and any zoonotic potential has yet to be determined.
The aim of this study was to gain insight into the prevalence of Chlamydia in Dutch chickens and to investigate the pathogenic potential of C. gallinacea. In a prevalence study, C. gallinacea was detected in around half of the 151 layer farms, but C. psittaci was not found. Subsequent research into the pathogenic potential of Dutch C. gallinacea strains showed that C. gallinacea mainly infects the mucosa of the chickens’ gut without causing clinical signs of inflammation. Finally, it was investigated whether a previous C. gallinacea infection in chickens could protect against a C. psittaci infection. This could explain why C. psittaci was not found during the field study in layers. However, protection against C. psittaci after a previous infection with C. gallinacea was not shown.
In conclusion, Chlamydia infections in Dutch chickens cannot be considered a current One Health problem, but future introductions of C. psittaci cannot be excluded
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Bovine materno-fetal alloimmune mediated disorders : MHC class I (in)compatibility in Retained Fetal Membranes and Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia
No full textThe fetus inherits and expresses paternal antigens and is therefore semiallogeneic to the maternal immune system. Acceptance of the ‘foreign’ fetus is imperative for a successful pregnancy and depends on regulation, rather than suppression of the materno-fetal alloimmune response. Improper regulation of the materno-fetal alloimmune response can have adverse effects on pregnancy and on the health of the neonatal calf. Two disorders representing different aspects of improper regulation of materno-fetal alloimmunity were studied: Retained Fetal Membranes, associated with absence (or reduction) of materno-fetal alloimmunity and Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia, caused by iatrogenic boosting of materno-fetal alloimmunity.
Retention of the fetal membranes longer than normal (over 12 to 24 hours) is called retained fetal membranes (RFM) and is a common reproductive disorder of cattle. Results show that MHC class I compatibility between dam and calf gave a high risk of RFM. We conclude that around parturition allogeneic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expressed on fetal trophoblasts elicits a materno-fetal alloimmune response that aids in the “loss” of fetal-maternal adherence. Conversely, absence (or reduction) of materno-fetal alloimmunity in MHC class I compatible pregnancies may lead to RFM. The coefficient of relationship between dam and calf is correlated with the probability of MHC class I compatibility between dam and calf and there was an effect of the coefficient of relationship on the occurrence of retained placenta. Additional findings indicate that RFM following induction of parturition with corticosteroids is associated with failure of the immune assisted loss of fetal-maternal adherence.
Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia (BNP), a bleeding syndrome of neonatal calves, is caused by alloantibodies absorbed from the colostrum of particular cows and is characterized by loss of thrombocytes, leukocytes and bone marrow cells. Pregsure© BVD is the likely source of alloantigens inducing BNP-associated alloantibodies in the dam. It was found that the development of BNP in calves is a heritable trait of the dam rather than the calf and that genetic differences between BNP and non-BNP dams are likely due to genes controlling the quantitative alloantibody response following vaccination. We show that although the BNP-associated vaccine-induced maternal alloantibodies have heterogeneous specificities, pathogenicity appears to be mediated by MHC class I specific BNP alloantibodies alone. Furthermore, results indicate that the pathogenic effects of BNP alloantibodies correlate with alloantibody binding and that cells with high MHC class I expression were preferentially affected in BNP.
The fetus is semiallogeneic to the maternal immune system and regulation of the materno-fetal alloimmune response is essential for successful pregnancy and to avoid the transfer of pathogenic maternal alloantibodies
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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