1,721,146 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effect of nitric oxide donors on neointima formation and vascular reactivity in the collared carotid artery of rabbits
No full textIntimal thickening in arteries is considered a site of predilection for atherosclerosis. We investigated whether oral application of the nitric oxide (NO) donors SPM-5185 [N-nitratopivaloyl-S-(N'-acetylalanyl)-cysteine ethylester, 10 mg/kg body weight twice daily (b.i.d.)] and molsidomine (10 mg/kg body weight/day) can retard neointima formation and changes in vascular reactivity induced by a nonocclusive, soft silicone collar positioned around the left carotid artery of rabbits. The contralateral carotid artery was sham operated and served as a control. Drug and placebo (diet without drug) treatments were initiated 7 days before placement of the collar. At the end of the experiments, two segments were cut from each collared and sham-treated artery, one for measurement of the cross-sectional area of intima and media and the other for isometric tension recording. Sham treatment did not result in intimal thickening in either group. In contrast, the intima/media (I/M) ratio was considerably increased after 14 days of collar treatment as a result of neointima formation. Intimal thickening was significantly inhibited by SPM-5185 (I/M ratio 0.05 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.11 +/- 0.02, p < 0.05), but not by molsidomine (0.06 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.08 +/- 0.02, p = 0.49), which is a donor of both NO and superoxide anions. Neither collar nor NO donor treatment altered the area of the media. SPM-5185 did not alter the percentage of replicating smooth muscle cells (SMC) in the media after collar treatment, as demonstrated by their immunoreactivity for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
In search of predictive biomarkers in cancer immunotherapy : the importance of analytical validation
No full textAbstract: During the course of the past years new insights in the importance of the immune system in the fight against cancer led to the new area of immunotherapy in the cancer treatment, with positive results in different tumor indications. Unfortunately, immunotherapy does not show positive effects in all patients/tumor entities. This highlights the need for predictive biomarkers allowing patient selection per treatment, which serves both the patient (no unnecessary exposure to drug toxicity) and society (high costs). The current doctoral thesis highlights the importance of the analytical validation of biomarker tests in both immunohistochemistry (IHC) and mRNA analysis based assays. The programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) IHC assays and the PanCancer Immune profiling (PCI) panel from Nanostring are studied as an example. Moreover, the challenges for both approaches (respectively discrepancies in staining patterns and different normalization methods) are investigated in detail. Robust and reproducible results are obtained for 6 different PD-L1 assays as well as for the validation of the PCI panel (Nanostring). Furthermore, comparison of the 2 laboratory developed test (LDT) PD-L1 IHC assays as well as comparison of the 4 commercial PD-L1 IHC assays on tonsil and tumor tissue showed discrepancies in the PD-L1 staining pattern, mainly for the SP142 assay. Focusing on the commercial PD-L1 IHC assays, the detection system and the epitope of the primary antibodies were found as potential parameters influencing the staining pattern of the PD-L1 IHC assays. Despite the fact that further research is needed, the current results already show that the diagnostic labs should be aware of the impact of the detection system on the performance of the IHC assay. This is of importance when they develop LDT assay to be used patient selection instead of the recommended PD-L1 assays. Two different published gene signatures were applied on 2 pilot studies in melanoma patients treated with immunotherapy to illustrate the challenges of interpretation and the influence of the different normalization methods. Further evaluation of the genes as single marker revealed some promising genes, irrespective of the applied normalization method, which should be investigated in more detail. As second part of the multi-analyte testing, protein expression was evaluated using IHC. The most promising results were observed in the Trimixipi study, where the highest AUC values could be observed for the four immune cell characterization markers (CD8, CD20, CD3/FOXP3) together with PD-L1
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