29 research outputs found
A leech brain in the dish: a method for detailed analysis of specifically labeled single cells
No full textCallogobius amikami Goren, Miroz & Baranes 1991
No full textCallogobius amikami Goren, Miroz & Baranes 1991 (Figure 3) Callogobius amikami Goren, Miroz & Baranes 1991: 300 (Eilat, Israel, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea; holotype TAU P-10321).— Goren & Dor 1994: 63; Randall 1995: 329; Golani & Bogorodsky 2010: 46. Diagnosis. Callogobius amikami is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: interorbital pores B’, D, E, F, G and H’ present; preopercular canal absent; temporal canal absent; dorsal fin VI + I,10; anal fin I,8; scales in lateral series about 27; scales ctenoid from the first spine of the second dorsal fin to the caudal-fin base; preopercular papillae row (Row 20) continuous with transverse opercular row (Row 21); body coloration with strongly contrasting wide dark bars and narrow horizontal lines. Brief description. Moderately stout-bodied species with slightly elongate and round-tipped caudal fin> 40% SL in length. Scales large, cycloid anteriorly, ctenoid from first spine of second dorsal fin to caudal-fin base, scales in lateral series about 27. Dorsal-fin rays VI + I,10, anal-fin rays I,8, pectoral-fin rays 18; pelvic fins fully united with fifth ray equal to fourth (resulting in blunt-ended appearance), frenum weak. Anterior nostril slightly longer than posterior nostril. Head pores present with interorbital canal normally containing pores B’, D, E, F, G, and H’, preopercular and temporal canals absent. Preopercular papillae row (Row 20) continuous with transverse opercular row (Row 21), more than 10 transverse mandibular papillae rows (Row 16) on each side. Body of adults pale grey with about nine narrow black stripes following scale rows, short broad black bar dorsally below posterior half of first dorsal fin, a slightly curved black bar below rear of second dorsal fin, and black bar at caudal-fin base. Head whitish with three dark bars radiating from eye, one oblique across side of snout anteriorly to chin, one across cheek and opercle, and one dorsoposteriorly across occiput. Broad irregular oblique black bar from origin of first dorsal fin to upper part of opercle. Two papillae rows on cheek below eye black. Both dorsal fins black, each with broad white dash anteriorly, oblique rows of white spots, and narrow white to hyaline border. Caudal fin with large central brown area crossed by rows of black spots, margin white and broadest dorsoposteriorly. Pectoral fin dark dorsally and basally, white ventrally. Presumed juveniles (see Remarks) white with four narrow black bars on body, one on nape, one dorsally extending into first dorsal fin, one posteriorly extending through anal fin and second dorsal, and one at caudal-fin base; bars in dorsal fins with orange spot; pelvic fin white; pectoral fin mostly white with broad black dorsal and posterior margin with orange submarginal band; caudal fin white with black bar in posterior third with orange bar within it. Distribution and habitat. Confirmed only from the Red Sea. First reported by Goren et al. (1991) in the original description of a single specimen (TAU P-10321) from Eilat, Israel collected at 6 m among coral pieces and rocks away from the coral reef. A possible photographic record from Oman is discussed below. Remarks. Callogobius amikami is most likely to be confused with C. dori. It differs in second dorsal- and anal-fin ray counts (D 2 I,10 and A I, 8 in the holotype of C. amikami vs. D 2 I,9 and A I, 7 in C. dori), and in adult color pattern (distinct vertical bars present vs. absent). Our measurements and lateral scale counts taken from the holotype (Fig. 3 A) differ slightly from those of Goren et al. (1991), who measured the holotype at 28.4 mm SL and counted 24 scales in lateral series. Our shorter SL measurement is likely due to stiffening of the specimen in preservation; our higher lateral scale count can be attributed to uneven scale distribution and individual researcher technique. Goren et al. (1991) stated that the holotype is a male; we found the gender to be ambiguous. A second specimen of C. amikami was photographed by J.E. Randall in 1993 at Coral World in Eilat (Fig. 3 B). We were unable to determine if the specimen was eventually preserved and added to a collection. Debelius (1993: 263) provided a photograph of a single live juvenile Callogobius taken in Muscat, Oman (Western Indian Ocean) that he identified as C. amikami, but no specimens were taken. The photographed individual displays sharply contrasting narrow bars, with the bars having bright orange central markings on the pectoral, first and second dorsal fins, and caudal fins. Randall (1995) followed Debelius (1993) in listing C. amikami as occurring in Oman. We consider this identification to be uncertain. The color pattern of C. amikami differs slightly from the photograph (although some differences would be expected from developmental change); the holotype of C. amikami has much wider bars and darker fins. The live photograph of the holotype in Goren et al. (1991) does indicate orange on the first dorsal fin, supporting the identification of the Oman specimen as C. amikami, however, the latter appears to have an anal fin ray count of I,7 (as opposed to I, 8 in the holotype C. amikami). The third author collected and photographed a 7.2 mm juvenile from Al Wajh bank, Saudi Arabia (Fig. 3 C) that resembles the specimen in Debelius’s photograph. This individual was very secretive, hidden inside the base of dead coral in fringing seaward reefs at a depth of 3– 5 m. Microscopic examination revealed that the lateral scales are not yet fully developed on this specimen and second dorsal- and anal-fin ray counts are I,9 and I,7 respectively, lower than the counts on the holotype of C. amikami. Instead, these counts match those of C. dori, although no tiny juveniles of the latter are known. We are uncertain that this specimen represents C. amikami. Representative Red Sea Material (2 specimens, 7.2 & 26.2 mm SL). Israel: TAU P-1032, holotype, sex uncertain, 26.2 mm SL. Saudi Arabia: SMF 35770 (KAU13-142), juvenile (tentative identification), 7.2 mm SL, Al Wajh bank, N25°35'52.86" E36°41' 01.80", seaward slope of unnamed island, sediment with coral patches, 3–5 m, coll. S.V. Bogorodsky & T.J. Alpermann, 12 June 2013.Published as part of Delventhal, Naomi R., Mooi, Randall D., Bogorodsky, Sergey V. & Mal, Ahmad O., 2016, A review of the Callogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Red Sea with the description of a new species, pp. 225-243 in Zootaxa 4179 (2) on pages 232-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/26161
Data and analysis scripts for Thermal soaring over the North Sea and implications for wind farm interactions
No full textData and analysis scripts used for manuscript: Thermal soaring over the North Sea and implications for wind farm interactions by Jens A. van Erp, Elspeth Sage, Willem Bouten, E. Emiel van Loon, Kees (C.) J. Camphuysen, Judy Shamoun-Baranes. “File description.docx” describes each individual data file. The scripts require RStudio and listed libraries to run.van Erp* J, Sage* E, Bouten W, van Loon E, Camphuysen KCJ, Shamoun-Baranes J, 2023. Thermal soaring over the North Sea and implications for wind farm interactions. Marine Ecology Progress Series 723:185-200. doi: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14315.*joint first author
Sustainable and smart distribution networks: subgroup B.3 - Optimization & control
No full textElectrical Engineerin
Correction: Alzheimer’s disease polygenic risk score as a predictor of conversion from mild-cognitive impairment
No full textIn the original Article, Professor Alan Thomas was not acknowledged as an author. This has been updated in both the HTML and PDF versions of this Article.</p
Sources, mechanisms, and timescales of sediment delivery to a New England salt marsh
No full text© The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Baranes, H., Woodruff, J., Geyer, W., Yellen, B., Richardson, J. & Griswold, F. Sources, mechanisms, and timescales of sediment delivery to a New England salt marsh. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 127, (2022): e2021JF006478, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jf006478.he availability and delivery of an external clastic sediment source is a key factor in determining salt marsh resilience to future sea level rise. However, information on sources, mechanisms, and timescales of sediment delivery are lacking, particularly for wave-protected mesotidal estuaries. Here we show that marine sediment mobilized and delivered during coastal storms is a primary source to the North and South Rivers, a mesotidal bar-built estuary in a small river system impacted by frequent, moderate-intensity storms that is typical to New England (United States). On the marsh platform, deposition rates, clastic content, and dilution of fluvially-sourced contaminated sediment by marine material all increase down-estuary toward the inlet, consistent with a predominantly marine-derived sediment source. Marsh clastic deposition rates are also highest in the storm season. We observe that periods of elevated turbidity in channels and over the marsh are concurrent with storm surge and high wave activity offshore, rather than with high river discharge. Flood tide turbidity also exceeds ebb tide turbidity during storm events. Timescales of storm-driven marine sediment delivery range from 2.5 days to 2 weeks, depending on location within the estuary; therefore the phasing of storm surge and waves with the spring-neap cycle determines how effectively post-event suspended sediment is delivered to the marsh platform. This study reveals that sediment supply and the associated resilience of New England mesotidal salt marshes involves the interplay of coastal and estuarine processes, underscoring the importance of looking both up- and downstream to identify key drivers of environmental change.The project described in this publication was in part supported by Grant or Cooperative Agreement No. G20AC00071 from the U.S. Geological Survey and a Department of Interior Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center graduate fellowship awarded to H.E.B (G12AC00001)
Neuronal Interfaces: Interactions of Neurons with Physical Environments (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 15/2017)
No full textGold Nanoparticle-Decorated Scaffolds Promote Neuronal Differentiation and Maturation
No full textEngineered 3D neuronal networks are
considered a promising approach for repairing the damaged spinal cord.
However, the lack of a technological platform encouraging axonal elongation
over branching may jeopardize the success of such treatment. To address
this issue we have decorated gold nanoparticles on the surface of
electrospun nanofiber scaffolds, characterized the composite material,
and investigated their effect on the differentiation, maturation,
and morphogenesis of primary neurons and on an immature neuronal cell
line. We have shown that the nanocomposite scaffolds have encouraged
a longer outgrowth of the neurites, as judged by the total length
of the branching trees and the length and total distance of neurites.
Moreover, neurons grown on the nanocomposite scaffolds had less neurites
originating out of the soma and lower number of branches. Taken together,
these results indicate that neurons cultivated on the gold nanoparticle
scaffolds prefer axonal elongation over forming complex branching
trees. We envision that such cellular constructs may be useful in
the future as implantable cellular devices for repairing damaged neuronal
tissues, such as the spinal cord
The effect of nanoparticle size on the probability to cross the blood-brain barrier: an in-vitro endothelial cell model.
No full textBACKGROUND: During the last decade nanoparticles have gained attention as promising drug delivery agents that can transport through the blood brain barrier. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that specifically targeted nanoparticles which carry a large payload of therapeutic agents can effectively enhance therapeutic agent delivery to the brain. However, it is difficult to draw definite design principles across these studies, owing to the differences in material, size, shape and targeting agents of the nanoparticles. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to develop general design principles that link the size of the nanoparticle with the probability to cross the blood brain barrier. Specifically, we investigate the effect of the nanoparticle size on the probability of barbiturate coated GNPs to cross the blood brain barrier by using bEnd.3 brain endothelial cells as an in vitro blood brain barrier model. RESULTS: The results show that GNPs of size 70 nm are optimal for the maximum amount of gold within the brain cells, and that 20 nm GNPs are the optimal size for maximum free surface area. CONCLUSIONS: These findings can help understand the effect of particle size on the ability to cross the blood brain barrier through the endothelial cell model, and design nanoparticles for brain imaging/therapy contrast agents
