3,466 research outputs found
Adult status in Trapper Creek and thermal and physical habitat suitability in 2016
No full textSteven J. Starcevich, Elizabeth J. Bailey, and Michael H. Meeuwig (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife - Native Fish Investigations Program).This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references (pages 30-33).Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Species radiation of carabid beetles (broscini: mecodema) in new zealand.
No full textNew Zealand biodiversity has often been viewed as Gondwanan in origin and age, but it is increasingly apparent from molecular studies that diversification, and in many cases origination of lineages, postdate the break-up of Gondwanaland. Relatively few studies of New Zealand animal species radiations have as yet been reported, and here we consider the species-rich genus of carabid beetles, Mecodema. Constrained stratigraphic information (emergence of the Chatham Islands) and a substitution rate for Coleoptera were separately used to calibrate Bayesian relaxed molecular clock date estimates for diversification of Mecodema. The inferred timings indicate radiation of these beetles no earlier than the mid-Miocene with most divergences being younger, dating to the Plio-Pleistocene. A shallow age for the radiation along with a complex spatial distribution of these taxa involving many instances of sympatry implicates recent ecological speciation rather than a simplistic allopatric model. This emphasises the youthful and dynamic nature of New Zealand evolution that will be further elucidated with detailed ecological and population genetic analyses
Steven Mailloux's 2021 Essay "Political Theologies of Sacred Rhetoric," and Walter J. Ong's Thought
No full textSee the above abstract.In my 4,000-word review essay "Steven Mailloux's 2021 Essay 'Political Theologies of Sacred Rhetoric,' and Walter J. Ong's Thought," I highlight certain points in Mailloux's perceptive essay in the new 290-page 2021 anthology Responding to the Sacred: An Inquiry into the Limits of Rhetoric, edited by Michael Bernard-Donals and Kyle Jensen (Penn State University Press, pages 77-98). For example, Mailloux discusses Pope Francis, the first Jesuit pope, and the Spanish Renaissance mystic St. Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556), the founder of the Jesuit order, and the author of the short book of instructions known as the Spiritual Exercises. In connection with highlights from Mailloux's fine essay, I discuss the thought of the American Jesuit Renaissance specialist and rhetorician Walter J. Ong (1912-2003; Ph.D. in English, Harvard University, 1955).N/AFarrell, Thomas. (2021). Steven Mailloux's 2021 Essay "Political Theologies of Sacred Rhetoric," and Walter J. Ong's Thought. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/219594
Organic wastewater compounds, pharmaceuticals, and coliphage in ground water receiving discharge from onsite wastewater treatment systems near La Pine, Oregon: occurrence and implications for transport
No full textby Stephen R. Hinkle, Rodney J. Weick (Oregon Department of Environmental Quality), Jill M. Johnson (Deschutes County Environmental Health Division), Jeffery D. Cahill, Steven G. Smith, and Barbara J. Rich (Oregon Department of Environmental Quality) ; prepared in cooperation with Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and Deschutes County Environmental Health Division.Title from PDF cover (viewed on April 3, 2020).This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references (pages 52-54).Mode of access: Internet from the State Library of Oregon U.S. Government Publications Collection.Text in English
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Genome-Wide Analysis of Phytophthora cactorum Resistance and Fruit Quality Traits in Cultivated Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa)
No full textThis thesis explores advanced strategies to enhance strawberry breeding by applying genomic prediction, harnessing underutilized genetic diversity, and investigating key genetic mutations affecting fruit quality traits. The first chapter focuses on enhancing strawberry resistance to Phytophthora crown rot (PhCR), a soil-borne disease that thrives in warm, wet conditions and severely impacts yields. It addresses the limited genetic gains in breeding for PhCR resistance and the discovery of a significant locus, RPc2, which explains a substantial portion of genetic variance. Incorporating underutilized gene bank resources doubled additive genetic variance and improved genomic prediction accuracy, highlighting the potential of genomic selection for enhancing PhCR resistance.The second chapter further solidifies the success of these strategies, evaluating the use of useful heterosis and genomic prediction to improve fruit quality traits and shelf life in strawberries. It examines the introgression of favorable alleles from exotic genetic resources into elite breeding pools, resulting in significant improvements in total soluble solids and titratable acidity. The study not only highlights the genetic correlations among fruit traits and the impact of genotype combinations on hybrid performance but also underscores the importance of genomic prediction in efficiently selecting superior genotypes and optimizing breeding programs.The third chapter investigates the domestication of strawberry for improved fruit firmness and shelf life. It identifies a loss-of-function mutation in the polygalacturonase gene PG1-6A1, significantly increasing fruit firmness and reducing perishability. This mutation and several structural variants have been positively correlated with fruit firmness and negatively with gene expression. Developing high-throughput genotyping assays for these mutations facilitates marker-assisted selection, enabling the breeding of firmer and longer-lasting strawberry cultivars.Collectively, these studies provide valuable insights into the genetic basis of key traits in strawberries and showcase the potential of genomic technologies to accelerate breeding efforts and improve fruit quality and disease resistance
Problem solving and principal’s interaction with accountability
No full textPROBLEM: Increasing accountability in public schools has created a new set of problems for school leaders. With the prominence of high stakes testing, the pressure to make Adequate Yearly Progress, accountability for closing the achievement gap of every subgroup of students, the demand for a highly qualified faculty and related pressures from school boards and communities, school leaders are faced with an array of unstructured, complex problems. Set within a rich literature on educational leadership and the relatively unexplored literature on problem solving, this study examines the school principal’s interaction with the problems created by accountability to determine how expert leaders perceive, approach, and engage others in addressing complex problems. Three areas of interaction are explored (Leader Capacity, Leader Response and Organizational Response) in order to address the following questions: * Does the mental model of the expert principal differ from a more typical principal as it relates to problem solving? * How do leaders’ beliefs, conceptions of problems, and knowledge influence their response in problem solving? * How does the problem solving capacity of the expert school leader differ from that of the non-expert? * Are there leader responses to problems created by accountability that offer the best possibility of school success? METHOD: A total sample of 24 New Jersey middle school principals were selected using a regression analysis of three years of New Jersey data from within four quadrants of performance: High Socio Economic Status (SES) and higher than predicated performance, low SES and higher than predicted performance, high SES and lower than predicated performance, low SES and lower than predicated performance. These principals must have been leaders in their respective schools for at least two years permitting their school’s performance to serve as a proxy for expertise. Once selected, principals were interviewed by two researchers using an in-depth guide in order to probe areas of interest in the study. The data from the 24 interviews was coded using a qualitative software package and analyzed according to the conceptual framework serving as the basis of discussion and findings. FINDINGS: Differences exist between successful principals and typical principals with respect to approaching and resolving complex problems. This study finds patterns of influence that are significant in capturing attributes of successful school leadership. Specifically, more expert principals tend to operate with an inventive mindset that approaches problems with an open mind toward trying new avenues toward reform. Similarly these principals are more likely to set broad goals for a problem’s resolution and engage others in a substantive fashion. SIGNIFICANCE: Adding to the rich body of literature on school leadership by offering a construct for effective problem solving addresses an important area of study. In an era of increasing accountability, transparency, and complexity, identifying school leaders with the capacity to innovate and set broad goals for addressing the complex problems associated with student achievement is essential.Ed. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Steven J. Maye
Correction for Millership et al., Increased lipolysis and altered lipid homeostasis protect -synuclein-null mutant mice from diet-induced obesity
No full textCorrection for “Increased lipolysis and altered lipid homeostasis protect γ-synuclein–null mutant mice from diet-induced obesity,” by Steven Millership, Natalia Ninkina, Irina A. Guschina, Jessica Norton, Ricardo Brambilla, Pieter J. Oort, Sean H. Adams, Rowena J. Dennis, Peter J. Voshol, Justin J. Rochford, and Vladimir L. Buchman, which appeared in issue 51, December 18, 2012, of Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (109:20943–20948; first published December 3, 2012; 10.1073/pnas.1210022110). The authors note that the author name Ricardo Brambilla should instead appear as Riccardo Brambilla. The corrected author line appears below. The online version has been corrected
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Genetic Basis of Resistance to Fusarium Wilt of Strawberry
No full textFusarium wilt of strawberry, caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae (Fof), is a devastating pathogen threatening the $2.3 billion US strawberry production industry. Fof is a member of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex composed of host-specific strains of F. oxysporum, which collectively infect more than 100 different hosts; this broad host range earned the species fifth place on a list of most important plant-pathogenic fungi. Fof was first identified in Australia in 1962 and has since spread across Asia, North America, and Europe. Pathogenicity of Fof isolates evolved separately at least three times and largely due to horizontal transfer of lineage-specific chromosomes. Fof infects strawberry roots and extensive hyphal colonization of the vasculature, coupled with the plant's defense mechanisms, leads to symptoms such as chlorosis, wilt, and ultimately death. Fumigation is no longer a viable control method for Fof, thus presenting a need for genetic sources of resistance to the pathogen. Five loci conferring resistance to Fof have been previously identified, FW1 - FW5, although the underlying resistance genes are unknown. In this study, I identified candidates for the FW1 resistance gene. By assembling and mapping FW1 in a resistant genome, I narrowed down the FW1 locus to a 1.8Mb region on chromosome 2B. I identified two strong FW1 candidate genes, a TIR-type NLR and a receptor protein, that are significantly differentially expressed between resistant and susceptible individuals. In addition, I identified two novel resistance loci, FW6 and FW7, from the heirloom cultivar 'Earliglow.' Due to haplotype similarity and genealogy, FW6 may be the previously identified resistance gene FW2. FW6 and FW7 exhibit classic statistical epistasis where FW6 is a dominant resistance allele masking the effect of FW7 which acts as an additive allele in a population lacking FW6. In summary, Fof is a highly concerning pathogen capable of evolving to overcome resistance, and my research has identified resistance gene candidates and mapped novel genetic sources of resistance to help combat this pathogen
Unified mathematical treatment of complex cascaded bipartite networks: The case of collections of journal papers
No full textIn this study, a mathematical treatment is proposed for analysis of entities and relations among entities in
complex networks consisting of cascaded bipartite networks. This treatment is applied to the case of
collections of journal papers. In this case, entities are distinguishable objects and concepts, such as papers,
references, paper authors, reference authors, paper journals, reference journals, institutions, terms, and term
definitions. Relations are associations between entity-types such as papers and the references they cite, or
paper authors and the papers they write. An entity-relationship model is introduced that explicitly shows
direct links between entity-types and possible useful indirect relations. From this a matrix formulation and
generalized matrix arithmetic are introduced that allow easy expression of relations between entities and
calculation of weights of indirect links and co-occurrence links. Occurrence matrices, equivalence
matrices, membership matrices and co-occurrence matrices are described. A dynamic model of growth
describes recursive relations in occurrence and co-occurrence matrices as papers are added to the paper
collection. Graph theoretic matrices are introduced to allow information flow studies of networks of papers
linked by their citations. Similarity calculations and similarity fusion are explained. Derivation of feature
vectors for pattern recognition techniques is presented. The relation of the proposed mathematical
treatment to seriation, clustering, multidimensional scaling, and visualization techniques is discussed. It is
shown that most existing bibliometric analysis techniques for dealing with collections of journal papers are
easily expressed in terms of the proposed mathematical treatment: co-citation analysis, bibliographic
coupling analysis, author co-citation analysis, journal co-citation analysis, Braam-Moed-vanRaan (BMV)
co-citation/co-word analysis, latent semantic analysis, hubs and authorities, and multidimensional scaling.
This report discusses an extensive software toolkit that was developed for this research for analyzing and
visualizing entities and links in a collection of journal papers. Additionally, an extensive case study is
presented, analyzing and visualizing 60 years of anthrax research through a collection of journal papers.
When dealing with complex networks that consist of cascaded bipartite networks, the treatment presented
here provides a general mathematical framework for all aspects of analysis of static network structure and
network dynamic growth. As such, it provides a basic paradigm for thinking about and modeling such
networks: computing direct and indirect links, expressing and analyzing statistical distributions of network
characteristics, describing network growth, deriving feature vectors, clustering, and visualizing network
structure and growth
Genetic analysis of floral symmetry in Van Gogh's sunflowers reveals independent recruitment of CYCLOIDEA genes in the Asteraceae.
No full textThe genetic basis of floral symmetry is a topic of great interest because of its effect on pollinator behavior and, consequently, plant diversification. The Asteraceae, which is the largest family of flowering plants, is an ideal system in which to study this trait, as many species within the family exhibit a compound inflorescence containing both bilaterally symmetric (i.e., zygomorphic) and radially symmetric (i.e., actinomorphic) florets. In sunflower and related species, the inflorescence is composed of a single whorl of ray florets surrounding multiple whorls of disc florets. We show that in double-flowered (dbl) sunflower mutants (in which disc florets develop bilateral symmetry), such as those captured by Vincent van Gogh in his famous nineteenth-century sunflower paintings, an insertion into the promoter region of a CYCLOIDEA (CYC)-like gene (HaCYC2c) that is normally expressed specifically in WT rays is instead expressed throughout the inflorescence, presumably resulting in the observed loss of actinomorphy. This same gene is mutated in two independent tubular-rayed (tub) mutants, though these mutations involve apparently recent transposon insertions, resulting in little or no expression and radialization of the normally zygomorphic ray florets. Interestingly, a phylogenetic analysis of CYC-like genes from across the family suggests that different paralogs of this fascinating gene family have been independently recruited to specify zygomorphy in different species within the Asteraceae
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