1,721,213 research outputs found
Attitude of intensive care specialists toward deceased organ donation in Germany. Results of a questionnaire at the 12th Congress of the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive and Emergency Medicine
No full textBackground. Organ transplantation is the only treatment option for many patients with end-organ failure. Due to lack of transplantable organs, patients already on the waiting list die every day. The number of organ donors in Germany fell in 2012 by 12.8%, reaching its lowest level since 2002. The medical and nursing personnel in intensive care units have a key role in the recruitment of potential organ donors; therefore, a survey was conducted on this subject. Materials and methods. At the 12th Congress of the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive and Emergency Medicine (DIVI) in December 2012, a point prevalence study using a paper-pencil survey was performed. Results. A total of 1045 questionnaires were analyzed. Of respondents, 81% favor organ donation in the event of their own brain death. The approval rate in the medical profession was 84% and 75% of the nursing profession. Only 45.3% of the participants (47% physicians, nursing 44%) had an organ donor card and nearly half (45%) had already confided their opinion towards organ donation to their family or friends. The main reasons for a lack of acceptance of organ donation was the concept of brain death (40%), fear of abuse by organ trade (29%), and the lack of integrity of the body after death (11%). The particularly intense discussion about organ donation and transplantation in 2012 resulted in a predominantly negative change of attitude in 45% of respondents. Conclusion. The vast majority of the intensive care personnel supports organ donation, but less than half of the respondents have an organ donor card. The reports of irregularities in the organ allocation were scrutinized, but had apparently no significant impact on the individual and collective fundamental donor decision
Ten key messages of the S2k guideline on noninvasive mechanical ventilation in acute respiratory failure
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Ten key messages of the German S3 guideline on invasive ventilation and use of extracorporeal techniques in patients with acute respiratory failure
No full textCOST ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF EXTRACORPOREAL CARBON DIOXIDE REMOVAL TO AVOID INTUBATION IN PATIENTS FAILING NON-INVASIVE VENTILATION
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