47 research outputs found
JSL カリキュラム実践の基礎力養成を考える ―日本語指導と教科指導を架橋する授業づくりに向けて―
No full texttextJSL カリキュラムは、「日本語の学校での学習活動に参加する力（「学ぶ力」）」の育成をめざした外国人児童生徒のための新しいカリキュラムである。教員をめざす学生等がこれに基づいた授業を実践するには、体系的な教育や研修、実践的な学習が必要である。本稿では、JSLカリキュラムの基本構想（文部科学省, 2003c）に基づいた授業を行うのに必要な知識・能力はどのようなものかを考察し、その結果を学部におけるJSLカリキュラム入門の授業を想定したシラバスとして提示し、その指導の一方法を考案した。シラバスは日本語指導の初級者を対象とした教育内容を選定し、4つの柱を立てて構成した。第一はこれまでの日本語指導のあり方を再考し、その根本的な問題点や課題を探ること、第二は新しい教育理念に基づいたJSLカリキュラムの特色や利点を理解すること、第三はJSLカリキュラムの考え方に沿った授業作りや活動の方法、及び、評価を考えること、第四はJSLカリキュラムの指導理念や評価の方法について、認知能力と言語発達、学習言語と言語習得、外国語教授法等の理論的側面から考察することである。授業は、「考える・気づく・見直す・調べる・分析する・創る・関連づける」等の活動を通じて学べるように考案した。The purpose of this study is to design an introductory course for JSL teacher development. The course plans to provide a basic knowledge about education for JSL children at school in Japan. It pays special attention to creating a class based on “JSL Curriculum” developed by the MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology). This study first overviews the educational background and characteristics of the JSL curriculum, and then presents the trial syllabus for the course. The objective of JSL curriculum is to nurture language competency for participating in leaning activities in schools. It integrates second language education (Japanese language) and subject content education (such as math, science and so on). It is a new and different type of curriculum which consists of various AUs (Activity Units). AU is a kind of linguistic tool to provide the teachers ideas how they combine the language skills and subject education in teaching. In order to teach JSL children at school, teachers are expected to grasp the difficulties that JSL children (students) encounter. The central issue here is that even children have the language skill necessary for day to day living, including conversations with friends and informal interactions. But they do not always have the language skill necessary to understand and discuss content in the classroom. The former is called BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills), and the latter, CALP (Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency). JSL curriculum has been developed to solve this problem. It has dual focus on subject content (mathematics) and language (Japanese) education. In order to practice JSL curriculum, teachers need to understand the basic ideas and characteristics of it. They also need to learn how to create classes and how to practice teaching. The author devised the trial course syllabus for undergraduate students including novice JSL teacher (pre- and in- service) trainees to build the basic knowledge essential for the practice. The trial syllabus consists of four basic parts. The first part introduces educational background of JSL curriculum development by MEXT. It reviews the methods of JSL supplemental teaching such as “Toridashi”, “Hairikomi”, and “Tukyu”. The main agendum is to discuss merits and demerits of teaching Japanese language and subjects separately. The second part focuses on the comprehension of JSL curriculum, fundamental ideas, underlying principles, and AU (Activity Unit). It also pays attention to the significance and necessity of integrating language skills and subject education. The third part explores how to practice JSL curriculum in school. The design of the class, teaching plans, classroom activities, and evaluation are discussed and created. The final part assesses JSL curriculum from the theoretical perspective such as cognitive development, first and second language acquisition, approaches and methods in foreign language teaching. Since this syllabus is only one of the examples for novice teachers, development of the variation or more advanced one is necessary.departmental bulletin pape
Zeetoegang IJmond: Planstudie Nieuwe Zeeslsuis fase 1, subvariantennota
No full textDit document beschrijft het resultaat van het genereren, beoordelen, uitwerken en afwegen van subvarianten voor een nieuwe zeesluis naast de bestaande Noordersluis. Eerder verschenen memo's en nota's nl. a) risico's en uitkeringsniveau subvarianten,b) afwegingscriteria, c) voorstel uit te werken subvarianten en uitgangspuntennota liggen ten grondslag aan dit rapport. In een aparte memo wordt een voorstel gedaan voor uit te werken integrale subvariant(en) en risico's die de grootste invloed hebben op het uitwerken daarvan tot Voorontwerp(en) en wordt het uitkeringsniveau bepaald om de risico's te beheersen. Dit rapport vormt mede de basis voor het te nemen besluit van Rijkswaterstaat welke integrale subvariant op welke wijze wordt uitgewerkt tot voorontwerp voor de vier sluiskolkafmeting varianten. Verder zal dit rapport fungeren als achtergrondrapport voor de acht deelproducten van hoofdproducten Proof of Concept: Rapport Proof of Concept, Ontwerpdossiers vier sluiskolkvarianten, Ramingsdossier en Schattingen kosten en effecten van afwijkende afmetingen. Dit rapport is gebaseerd op de Klanten Eisen Specificatie(KES) en het Operationeel Concept Document(OCD) en de resultaten van het T0-onderzoek van de Noordersluis. Memo met uit te werken subvariantenSluis IJmuide
The use of English as a lingua franca in the Japanese second language classroom
No full textAbstractDespite the growing interest surrounding the use and role of the first language in the second language classroom, the vast majority of research in the field has been conducted in classrooms where English is taught as a second language in English-speaking countries. Very little research has investigated the role of English as a lingua franca (ELF) in other language learning environments, such as those in which Japanese is learnt as a second language (JSL) in Japan. This paper investigates the purposes for which ELF is employed, and the perspectives of learners from multilingual and multicultural backgrounds on the use of ELF, in the JSL classroom. The findings show that English is employed to varying degrees in relation to proficiency level, and that learners themselves are generally welcoming of this use. The author suggests that learners seek security and comfort in what they already know, with ELF easing the gap between their L1 and their developing Japanese skills.</jats:p
Zeetoegang IJmond: Planstudie Nieuwe Zeesluis fase 1, Ontwerpnota variant 1 en variant 2
No full textOm aan de vereiste ramingnauwkeurigheid te kunnen voldoen zijn alleen die onderdelen van de sluis uitwerkt die een substantieel aandeel van de kosten innemen: deuren, sluishoofden en in mindere mate de kolkwanden. Andere onderdelen zoals weg, terreininrichting worden alleen op hoofdlijn schetsontwerpniveau ontworpen. Voorts zijn specifieke onderdelen nader uitgewerkt op aangeven van Advisory Board en het Technisch Team van Rijkswaterstaat en Haven Amsterdam. De nautische veiligheid wordt aangetoond door een real-time simulatie. Door middel van een gedegen en conservatieve Beschikbaarheidanalyse, waarbij ook gebruik gemaakt is van de resultaten van het T0 onderzoek Noordersluis, is met een hoge mate van zekerheid aangetoond dat de sluis en dan met name de sluisdeur incl. bewegingswerk, bediening- en besturingsinstallatie voldoet aan de beschikbaarheideisen. De risico's die in de vorige en het begin van deze fase zijn geïdentificeerd, onder andere door het uitvoeren van een risicosessie, worden beheerst door gedegen ontwerpwerk. Omdat een groot deel van de risico\u92s betrekking hebben op de grondgesteldheid heeft RWS een archiefonderzoek gedaan naar beschikbare grondonderzoeken. DHV heeft deze vervolgens beoordeeld op bruikbaarheid. Hieruit blijkt dat een beperkt deel bruikbaar is en leidt tot een voorlopige conclusie dat de aannames die gedaan zijn aan de conservatieve kant zijn. Aan het einde van het ontwerpwerk is nogmaals een risicosessie gehouden en zijn beheersmaatregelen geformuleerd voor de volgende fasen. Hieruit blijkt dat de risico's beperkt van omvang en beheersbaar zijn. Het sluisontwerp is, voor zover nodig om aan de topeisen en de hierboven genoemde hoofddoelstellingen te voldoen, geoptimaliseerd. Zo is bijvoorbeeld de kistdamconstructie versmald van 30 naar 22,5m en in het ontwerp ter plaatse van bestaande constructies (constructies Noordersluis en Middensluis) een ontlastvloerconstructie voorzien. Doordat de breedte is beperkt is er meer nautische ruimte in het Middenbinnentoeleidingskanaal (voorhaven binnen) van de Middensluis \u91gewonnen\u92. Verdergaande optimalisatiemogelijkheden zijn aangedragen voor de volgende ontwerpfase passend bij een voorgenomen DBFM contractering.Sluis IJmuide
Learning Japanese as a Second Language: A Processability Perspective
No full textLearning Japanese as a Second Language: A Processability Perspective makes a substantial contribution to second language acquisition (SLA) studies, especially for its discussion of speech processing involved in L2 sentence production and because it accounts for learning a language which is typologically distant from the native languages of the learners. The long-range perspective offered by data covering periods of up to three years is very unusual and thus highly valuable in the SLA context, where many studies are only cross-sectional or, at best, only cover a short time span. The longitudinal studies in this book are further buttressed by a cross-sectional study that supports generalizations from the findings. In addition, the author used original and inventive tasks to elicit data on structures such as passive and causative that are notoriously hard to elicit. The author also shows the various developmental stages and how these were used to measure the language development of both second language learners' and bilingual speakers. This book will be an important reference for anyone working in the SLA and JSL fields, postgraduate students of Japanese and second language acquisition, and Japanese language professionals such as teachers of Japanese, JSL textbook writers, or English-Japanese translators
Initial segments and end-extensions of models of arithmetic
No full textThis thesis is organized into two independent parts. In the first part, we extend the recent work on generic cuts by Kaye and the author. The focus here is the properties of the pairs (M, I) where I is a generic cut of a model M. Amongst other results, we characterize the theory of such pairs, and prove that they are existentially closed in a natural category. In the second part, we construct end-extensions of models of arithmetic that are at least as strong as ATR. Two new constructions are presented. The first one uses a variant of Fodor’s Lemma in ATR to build an internally rather classless model. The second one uses some weak versions of the Galvin–Prikry Theorem in adjoining an ideal set to a model of second-order arithmetic
Strong completeness of provability logic for ordinal spaces
No full textGiven a scattered space (sic) = ((sic), tau) and an ordinal lambda, we define a topology tau(+lambda) in such a way that tau(+0) = tau and, when (sic) is an ordinal with the initial segment topology, the resulting sequence {tau(+lambda)}(lambda is an element of Ord) coincides with the family of topologies {I-lambda}(lambda is an element of Ord) used by Icard, Joosten, and the second author to provide semantics for polymodal provability logics.
We prove that given any scattered space (sic) of large-enough rank and any ordinal lambda > 0, GL is strongly complete for tau(+lambda). The special case where (sic) = omega(omega) + 1 and lambda = 1 yields a strengthening of a theorem of Abashidze and Blass
Approche socio-ethnographique des processus de socialisation chez les adolescents d’une équipe de football amateur
No full textPeu d’études socio-ethnographiques évoquent l’importance du football dans les processus de socialisation des jeunes. Cette recherche se veut résolument inductive et se base sur l’observation ethnographique du terrain de la Jeunesse Sportive Lafarge Limoges (JSL), un club de football d’un quartier de Limoges (Limousin). L’auteur souligne l’importance de l’esprit de compétition et de camaraderie, mais aussi l’émergence de préoccupations institutionnelles plus éducatives qui frappent ce milieu. L’analyse des observations de terrain a conduit à des sociologues de l’école de Chicago comme Berger et Luckmann, Goffman et Becker. Une observation plus attentive de ces rencontres quasi-quotidiennes entre joueurs, éducateurs et parents révèle ainsi des processus d’apprentissage et de socialisation plus complexes et réciproques entre les jeunes et le club.Few socio-ethnographical studies evoke the importance of football in the processes of socialization of the young people. This search aims to be resolutely inductive and bases itself on the ethnographical observation of the ground of the Jeunesse Sportive Lafarge Limoges (JSL), a football club of a district of Limoges (Limousin). The author underlines the importance of the competitive spirit and the good-companionship, but also the emergence of more educational institutional concerns which strike this environment. The analysis of the field observations led to sociologists of the school of Chicago such as Berger and Luckmann, Goffman and Becker. A more attentive observation of these quasi-daily meetings between players, educators and parents reveals more complex and mutual processes of apprenticeship and socialization between the young people and the club.Pocos estudios socio-etnográficos evocan la importancia del fútbol en los procesos de socialización de los jóvenes. Esta investigación se considera resueltamente inductiva y se basa en la observación etnográfica del terreno de la Jeunesse Sportive Lafarge Limoges (JSL), un club de fútbol de un barrio de Limoges (Lemosín). El autor subraya la importancia del espíritu de competición y de compañerismo, pero también la emergencia de preocupaciones institucionales más educativas que golpean este medio. El análisis de las observaciones de terreno condujo a sociólogos de la escuela de Chicago como Pastor y Luckmann, Goffman y Becker. Una observación más atenta de estos encuentros casi-diarios entre jugadores, educadores y padres revela así procesos más complejos y recíprocos de aprendizaje y de socialización entre los jóvenes y el club
Science Students' Language Learning and Teaching in Overseas Study Tour: To Produce the Opportunity for Active English Use
No full textapplication/pdfThis paper describes the practice of an overseas study tour program in which Japanese college students of science major not only learn English (EFL/ESL) but also teach Japanese (JFL/JSL) to English college students as teaching assistants. The purpose of this practice is to produce the opportunity that they are able to use English actively with a sort of work role in order to avoid passive learning. By offering such an opportunity to the students, the author expects that they use English as a foreign/second language, see Japanese as their first language again in a fresh light, and cultivate their intercultural understanding competency more than ever before. As a result of the practice, the students had a good opinion of the practice. They thought that their English skills were improved and they got more motivated after the practice. In addition, they were very satisfied with their experiment of teaching Japanese through English by analyzing the questionnaire on the practice.journal articl
A DIRECT PROOF OF SCHWICHTENBERG'S BAR RECURSION CLOSURE THEOREM
No full textIn [12], Schwichtenberg showed that the System T definable functionals are closed under a rule-like version Spector’s bar recursion of lowest type levels 0 and 1. More precisely, if the functional Y which controls the stopping condition of Spector’s bar recursor is T-definable, then the corresponding bar recursion of type levels 0 and 1 is already T-definable. Schwichtenberg’s original proof, however, relies on a detour through Tait’s infinitary terms and the correspondence between ordinal recursion for α<ɛa and primitive recursion over finite types. This detour makes it hard to calculate on given concrete system T input, what the corresponding system T output would look like. In this paper we present an alternative (more direct) proof based on an explicit construction which we prove correct via a suitably defined logical relation. We show through an example how this gives a straightforward mechanism for converting bar recursive definitions into T-definitions under the conditions of Schwichtenberg’s theorem. Finally, with the explicit construction we can also easily state a sharper result: if Y is in the fragment T i then terms built from BRNa for this particular Y are definable in the fragment Ti+max {1,level(ơ)}+2'
