1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Development of LC-MS based metabolomics applications for the determination of the geographical origin of hazelnuts (Corylus avellana)
No full textHaselnüsse sind ein wichtiges internationales Handelsgut mit einer Weltjahresernte von 713.000 t (2014), wobei die wirtschaftlich relevanten Anbaugebiete über diverse Länder verteilt sind. Der mengenmäßig größte Teil stammt aus der Türkei, gefolgt von Italien, Georgien, USA sowie Aserbaidschan. Es bestehen zum Teil erhebliche Qualitäts- und damit verbunden Preisunterschiede für Haselnüsse aus den verschiedenen Anbauländern, sodass eine Verfälschung von Waren für kriminell motivierte Unternehmer zur Gewinnmaximierung potentiell sinnvoll erscheinen kann. Derzeit existieren jedoch keinerlei analytische Methoden zur Authentizitätsprüfung in Bezug auf die geographische Herkunft von Haselnüssen, sodass Verfälschungen nicht valide detektiert werden können.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit erfolgte daher die Entwicklung von massenspektrometrischen Metabolomics-Applikationen zur Bestimmung der geographischen Herkunft von Haselnüssen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden 207 authentische Haselnussproben sowie 59 Haselnussproben der Süßwarenindustrie aus den Erntejahren 2014 und 2015 aus wirtschaftlich relevanten Anbauländern akquiriert.
Zu Beginn erfolgte die Entwicklung von non-targeted UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS Methoden zum hochaufgelösten Screening von Haselnussproben in Bezug auf das polare und unpolare Metabolom. Beim Vergleich verschiedener Methoden erwies sich die Analyse des unpolaren Metaboloms im positiven Ionenmodus als am besten geeignet für die vorliegende Fragestel-lung. Es wurden 20 Markersubstanzen mit hochsignifikanten Unterschieden zwischen den verschiedenen Ländern identifiziert. Dabei handelt es sich um Lipide der Stoffklassen Phosphatidylethanolamine, Phosphatidylcholine, Diacylglycerole und Triacylglycerole mit unterschiedlichen Fettsäure-Seitenketten sowie γ-Tocopherol.
Auf Basis dieser 20 Markersubstanzen wurde eine targeted HPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS Methode entwickelt, welche die Anforderungen der Routineanalytik in Überwachungs- und Qualitätssi-cherungslaboratorien in hervorragender Weise erfüllt, wodurch eine spätere Implementierung ohne großen Aufwand ermöglicht wird. Eine umfangreiche Validierung gemäß den Richtlinien der FDA und der DIN 32645 belegte die Robustheit und Sensitivität der entwickelten Methode, welche mit einer Gesamtanalysenzeit (inkl. aller notwendigen Aufarbeitungs- und Messprozesse) von ca. 30-40 min für eine high-throughput Analytik im Metabolomics-Bereich besonders geeignet ist.
Abschließend wurden anhand der authentischen Haselnussproben diverse multivariate Datenanalyseverfahren zur Entwicklung von zuverlässigen statistischen Modellen zur Vorhersage des Herkunftslandes unbekannter Proben getestet und evaluiert. Die besten Ergebnisse konnten mit einem Vorhersagemodell mittels Support Vector Machine Classifica-tion erzielt werden, wobei eine Genauigkeit von 100 % erreicht werden konnte. 80 % der Haselnussproben der Süßwarenindustrie konnten auf diese Weise korrekt vorhergesagt werden. Erste Messungen deuteten darüber hinaus darauf hin, dass diese Methode auch auf geröstete Haselnüsse anwendbar ist.Hazelnuts are an important commodity in the international trade with an annual world crop size accounting for about 713.000 t (2014), whereas commercially relevant harvest areas are spread across several countries. The main production is provided by Turkey, followed by Italy, Georgia, USA and Azerbaijan. To some extent, the the quality and consequently, the price for hazelnuts from these countries may vary considerably, affording a potential incentive for some criminal entrepreneurs to adulterate products for profit maximization. However, there are still no existing analytical methods for verifying the authenticity related to the geographical origin of hazelnuts and thus, no data is available.
Hence, this work focussed on the development of mass spectrometric metabolomics applications for the determination of the geographical origin of hazelnuts. For this purpose, 207 authentic hazelnut samples and 59 hazelnut samples for confectionary industry were acquired from harvest years 2014 and 2015 out of commercially relevant countries.
Initially, non-targeted UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS methods for high-resolution screening of the polar and nonpolar metabolome of hazelnuts were developed. After the assessment of these methods, the analysis of the nonpolar metabolome in positive ion mode emerged to be best suited for the present issue. Overall 20 marker substances comprising highly significant differences between the different countries were determined and structurally identified. They belong to the lipid classes phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholines, diacylglycerols and triacyclglycerols containing different fatty acid side chains, as well as γ-tocopherol.
Based on these 20 marker substances, a targeted HPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS method was developed that perfectly meets the requirements of routine analytics in surveillance or quality control laboratories. Therefore, this method could be easily implemented into routine analytics. A comprehensive validation in accordance with guidelines of the FDA and DIN 32645 has proven the robustness, reproducibility and sensitivity of this method. The whole analysis process only lasts about 30-40 min, including all sample preparation and analysis steps and thus, it is perfectly suited for high-throughput analytics.
Based on authentic hazelnut samples, several multivariate data analysis methods for creating reliable statistical models predicting the geographical origin of unknown hazelnut samples were tested and evaluated. Best results could be achieved using support vector machine classification, gaining 100 % accuracy in the training data. Applying this model to the hazelnut samples for confectionary industry, 80 % could be predicted correct. Furthermore, preliminary results indicate a general applicability for roasted hazelnuts, too
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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