1,721,064 research outputs found
Enhanced stiffness modeling of serial and parallel manipulators for robotic-based processing of high performance materials
Get PDFThe thesis focuses on the enhancement of stiffness modeling of serial and parallel manipulators with passive joints under an essential loading. The developed technique takes into account different types of loadings: external force/torque applied to the end-point, internal preloading in the joints and auxiliary forces/torques applied to intermediate points. In contrast to previous works, the proposed technique includes computing an equilibrium configuration, which exactly corresponds to the loading. This allows to obtain the full-scale force-deflection relation for any given workspace point and to linearise it taking into account variation of the manipulator Jacobian because of the external force/torque. The proposed approach also enables designer to evaluate critical forces that may provoke non-linear behaviours of the manipulators, such as sudden failure due to elastic instability (buckling), which has not been previously studied in robotics. In the frame of this work, it is assumed that the manipulator elasticity is described by a multidimensional lumped-parameter model, which corresponds to a set of rigid bodies connected by 6-dof virtual springs. Each of these springs characterize flexibility of the corresponding link or actuated joint and takes into account both their compliance and joint particularities. To increase the model accuracy, the stiffness parameters of the spring are evaluated using FEA-based virtual experiments and dedicated identification technique developed in the thesis. This gives almost the same accuracy as FEA but essentially reduces the computational effort, eliminating repetitive re-meshing through the workspace.Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse portent sur l'amélioration des modèles de raideur pour les robots sériels et parallèles possédant des articulations passives. Contrairement aux travaux précédents, la raideur du robot est évaluée en présence de chargement en vérifiant les équations d'équilibre du système. Cette modélisation prend en compte les chargements externes ainsi que les pré-charges internes et des charges distribuées comme les forces dues à la gravité. Il est ainsi possible d'écrire la relation entre la charge et le déplacement de l'effecteur en tout point de l'espace de travail et de la linéariser en prenant en compte les modifications de la matrice jacobienne à cause du chargement. Ceci permet au concepteur de robot d'évaluer les contraintes critiques qui peuvent engendrer un comportement non linéaire de la raideur comme une défaillance soudaine due à une instabilité élastique (flambement) qui n'a jamais été étudiée dans la littérature robotique. Il est supposé que l'élasticité du robot est décrite par un modèle avec des flexibilités localisées, qui se compose d'une chaîne de corps rigides reliés par des ressorts virtuels à 6 degrés de liberté. Chaque ressort caractérise la flexibilité du corps correspondant ou de l'articulation actionnée et tient compte à la fois de leur souplesse translation / rotation et du couplage entre eux. Pour augmenter la précision du modèle, les raideurs des ressorts sont évaluées en utilisant une technique d'identification basée sur une modélisation par éléments finis. Avec cette méthode, il est possible d'obtenir une précision proche de celle des modélisations par éléments finis, mais réduit drastiquement les temps de calcul en éliminant les remaillages répétitifs lorsque l'on change la position de l'effecteur ainsi que la taille des matrices à inverser
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Tools for the identification of robot stiffness parameters using CAD software
Get PDFThis report proposes a CAD-based approach for identification of the elasto-static parameters of the robotic manipulators. The main contributions are in the areas of virtual experiment planning and algorithmic data processing, which allows to obtain the stiffness matrix with required accuracy. In contrast to previous works, the developed technique operates with the deflection field produced by virtual experiments in a CAD environment. The proposed approach provides high identification accuracy (about 0.1% for the stiffness matrix element) and is able to take into account the real shape of the link, coupling between rotational/translational deflections and joint particularities. To compute the stiffness matrix, the numerical technique has been developed, and some recommendations for optimal settings of the virtual experiments are given. In order to minimize the identification errors, the statistical data processing technique was applied. The advantages of the developed approach have been confirmed by case studies dealing with the links of parallel manipulator of the Orthoglide family, for which the identification errors have been reduced to 0.1
Serial vs. quasi-serial manipulators: Comparison analysis of elasto-static behaviors
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Tools for the identification of robot stiffness parameters using CAD software
No full textThis report proposes a CAD-based approach for identification of the elasto-static parameters of the robotic manipulators. The main contributions are in the areas of virtual experiment planning and algorithmic data processing, which allows to obtain the stiffness matrix with required accuracy. In contrast to previous works, the developed technique operates with the deflection field produced by virtual experiments in a CAD environment. The proposed approach provides high identification accuracy (about 0.1% for the stiffness matrix element) and is able to take into account the real shape of the link, coupling between rotational/translational deflections and joint particularities. To compute the stiffness matrix, the numerical technique has been developed, and some recommendations for optimal settings of the virtual experiments are given. In order to minimize the identification errors, the statistical data processing technique was applied. The advantages of the developed approach have been confirmed by case studies dealing with the links of parallel manipulator of the Orthoglide family, for which the identification errors have been reduced to 0.1
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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