1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Entwicklung und Validierung eines physikalisch-chemischen Prozessmodells für die Primär- und Sekundärtrocknungsphase der Gefriertrocknung
Get PDFIn dieser Arbeit wurde ein physikalisch-chemisches Prozessmodell für Simulation der Primär- und Sekundärtrocknungsphase der Lyophilisation entwickelt und validiert. Betrachtet wurde die Trocknung von Saccharose in Injektionsvials. Saccharose wurde als typisches Bulk-Material als Beispielsystem gewählt. Ziel der Arbeit war die Entwicklung eines Modells, welche drei Zielgrößen beschreibt: jeweils die Dauer von Primär- und Sekundärtrocknung sowie die Restfeuchte, welche sich aus gefrorenem sowie gebundenem Wasser zusammensetzt. Die untersuchten Parameter Stellflächentemperatur und Kammerdruck sowie Dauer der Nachtrocknung wurden ausgewählt, da sie die direkt am Gefriertrockner einstellbaren und messbaren Prozessgrößen darstellen, mit welchen ein Lyophilisationsprozess entwickelt wird.
Die Gefriertrocknung wird zur Erhöhung der Haltbarkeit und Transportfähigkeit von Lebensmitteln und Pharmazeutika eingesetzt. Die Trocknung in Injektionsvials ist aufgrund der genauen Dosierung und der relativ simplen Rehydrierung gerade für pharmazeutische Wirkstoffe interessant. Prozessmodellierung hat sich in der Vergangenheit bereits als vielversprechender Ansatz für die beschleunigte Prozessentwicklung und -optimierung sowie zum Scale-Up bewiesen. Zudem kann sie, gekoppelt mit einem Konzept zur Prozessanalysetechnik (PAT), für die beschleunigte Prozessentwicklung und on-line Optimierung von Prozessen eingesetzt werden. Hierfür muss eine Rechendauer erreicht werden, welche weit unter der Prozesszeit selbst liegt.
Die präsentierte Arbeit umfasst eine umfassende Literaturstudie zu den Themen Lyophilisation und Prozessmodellierung, sowohl allgemein als auch auf die Grundoperation bezogen. Auf dieser Grundlage wurde ein physikalisch-chemisches Prozessmodell entwickelt, welches den Anspruch hat, in Zukunft unter anderem zur on-line Optimierung von Gefriertrocknungsprozessen eingesetzt zu werden. Dieser Anspruch wurde durch eine Rechenzeit von wenigen Minuten erfüllt. Die Verifizierung des Modells hat durch einen Vergleich von simulierten Daten mit einem Experiment aus der Literatur stattgefunden. Die Validierung hinsichtlich Präzision und Genauigkeit erfolgte anhand eines in der Literatur etablierten Arbeitsablaufs. Aufgrund der statistischen Auswertung und dem Vergleich von experimentell gewonnen und simulierten Ergebnissen konnten begründete Empfehlungen für die Weiterentwicklung des Modells gegeben werden.In this work, a physico-chemical process model was developed and validated for simulation of the primary and secondary drying phases of freeze-drying. The drying of sucrose in injection vials was considered. Sucrose was chosen as a typical bulk material as an system to be worked with. The aim of the work was to develop a model that describes three target variables: the duration of primary and secondary drying phase and the residual moisture, which is composed of frozen and bound water. The parameters investigated, i.e. the temperature and pressure of the drying chamber and the duration of secondary drying, were selected because they represent the process variables that can be directly adjusted and measured at the freeze dryer and are used to develop a lyophilization process.
Freeze drying is used to increase the shelf life and transportability of food and pharmaceuticals. Drying in injection vials is especially interesting for pharmaceutical agents due to the precise dosing and the relatively simple rehydration. Process modeling has already proven to be a promising approach for accelerated process development and optimization as well as for scale-up. Moreover, coupled with a process analytical technology (PAT) concept, it can be used for accelerated process design and on-line optimization of processes. For this purpose, a computation time should be achieved, which is far below the process time itself.
The presented work includes a comprehensive literature study on the topics of lyophilization and process modeling, both in general and related to the process of freeze-drying itself. On this basis, a physico-chemical process model was developed, which has the claim to be used in the future for on-line optimization of freeze-drying processes, among other applications. This claim was fulfilled by a computation time of a few minutes. Verification of the model has taken place by comparing simulated data with an experiment from the literature. Validation in terms of precision and accuracy was performed using a workflow established in the literature. Based on the statistical evaluation and the comparison of experimentally obtained and simulated results, well-founded recommendations for the further development of the model could be given
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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