1,721,084 research outputs found
Klepp, Knut-Inge, Biswalo, Paul M. & Talle, Aud, eds. - Young People at Risk. Fighting AIDS in Northen Tanzania
No full textGausset Quentin, Mogensen Hanne O. Klepp, Knut-Inge, Biswalo, Paul M. & Talle, Aud, eds. - Young People at Risk. Fighting AIDS in Northen Tanzania. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 37, n°145, 1997. pp. 240-243
Promoting adolescent sexual and reproductive health in East and Southern Africa
No full textIn Africa, as in many parts of the world, adolescent reproductive health is a controversial issue for policy makers and programme planners. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to HIV and AIDS and to a host of other problems such as sexually transmitted infection, unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortions, sexual abuse, female genital mutilation and unsafe circumcision. Yet many countries don't have adolescent health policies and much remains to be done to ensure that adolescents can access appropriate sexual and reproductive health services. Articulating new perspectives and strategies to promote adolescent sexual and reproductive health, the authors of this volume, comprise a network of researchers working in east and southern Africa. They make a unique attempt to bring together the social and biomedical sciences and to disseminate concrete empirical evidence from existing programmes, carefully analysing what works and what doesn't at the local level. The chapters are built on the premise that sexual and reproductive health behaviour is multifaceted and that interventions must operate on several levels - individual, organisational and governmental - and must reach young people in schools, communities, workplaces, and health-care institutions. Cognisant of recent research and the ethical difficulties facing researchers, the authors provide practical guidance for practitioners and policymakers wishing to promote adolescent sexual and reproductive health at the policy and institutional levels and in local communities.Contents: Part I. Policy and Theory Informing Practice -- 1. Public Policy: A Tool to Promote Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health / Yogan Pillay & Alan J. Flisher -- 2. Social Cognition Models and Social Cognitive Theory: Predicting Sexual and Reproductive Behaviour among Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa / Leif E. Aarø, Herman Schaalma & Anne Nordrehaug Åstrøm -- 3. Health Education and the Promotion of Reproductive Health: Theory and Evidence-Based Development and Diffusion of Intervention Programmes / Herman Schaalma & Sylvia F. Kaaya -- 4. Ethical Dilemmas in Adolescent Reproductive Health Promotion / Gro Th. Lie -- Part II. Contextual aspects of adolescent Sexual and reproductive Health -- 5. From Initiation Rituals to AIDS Education: Entering Adulthood at the Turn of the Millenium / Graziella Van den Bergh -- 6. Illegal Abortion among Adolescents in Dar es Salaam / Vibeke Rasch & Margrethe Silberschmidt -- 7. Adolescent Sexuality and the AIDS Epidemic in Tanzania: what Has Gone wrong? / Melkizedeck T. Leshabari, Sylvia F. Kaaya & Anna Tengia-Kessy -- 8. To Risk or not To Risk? Is It a Question? Sexual Debut, Poverty and Vulnerability in Times of HIV: A Case from Kigoma Region, Tanzania / Graziella Van den Bergh -- Part III. Addressing the Needs of adolescents: arenas for action -- 9. Peer Education for Adolescent Reproductive Health: An Effective Method for Program Delivery, a Powerful Empowerment Strategy, or Neither? / Sheri Bastien, Alan J. Flisher, Catherine Mathews & Knut-Inge Klepp -- 10. Adolescent-Friendly Health Services in Uganda / John Arube-Wani, Jessica Jitta & Lillian Mpabulungi Ssengooba -- 11. Quality of Care: Assessing Nurses’ and Midwives’ Attitudes towards Adolescents with Sexual and Reproductive Health Problems / Elisabeth Faxelid, Joyce Musandu, Irene Mushinge, Eva Nissen & Mathilde Zvinavashe -- Part IV. Evaluation and review of Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 12. Evaluating Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Interventions in Southern and Eastern Africa / Alan J. Flisher, Wanjiru Mukoma & Johann Louw -- 13. A Systematic Review of School-Based HIV/AIDS Prevention Programmes in South Africa / Wanjiru Mukoma & Alan J. Flisher</p
Promoting adolescent sexual and reproductive health in East and Southern Africa
No full textIn Africa, as in many parts of the world, adolescent reproductive health is a controversial issue for policy makers and programme planners. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to HIV and AIDS and to a host of other problems such as sexually transmitted infection, unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortions, sexual abuse, female genital mutilation and unsafe circumcision. Yet many countries don't have adolescent health policies and much remains to be done to ensure that adolescents can access appropriate sexual and reproductive health services. Articulating new perspectives and strategies to promote adolescent sexual and reproductive health, the authors of this volume, comprise a network of researchers working in east and southern Africa. They make a unique attempt to bring together the social and biomedical sciences and to disseminate concrete empirical evidence from existing programmes, carefully analysing what works and what doesn't at the local level. The chapters are built on the premise that sexual and reproductive health behaviour is multifaceted and that interventions must operate on several levels - individual, organisational and governmental - and must reach young people in schools, communities, workplaces, and health-care institutions. Cognisant of recent research and the ethical difficulties facing researchers, the authors provide practical guidance for practitioners and policymakers wishing to promote adolescent sexual and reproductive health at the policy and institutional levels and in local communities.Contents: Part I. Policy and Theory Informing Practice -- 1. Public Policy: A Tool to Promote Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health / Yogan Pillay & Alan J. Flisher -- 2. Social Cognition Models and Social Cognitive Theory: Predicting Sexual and Reproductive Behaviour among Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa / Leif E. Aarø, Herman Schaalma & Anne Nordrehaug Åstrøm -- 3. Health Education and the Promotion of Reproductive Health: Theory and Evidence-Based Development and Diffusion of Intervention Programmes / Herman Schaalma & Sylvia F. Kaaya -- 4. Ethical Dilemmas in Adolescent Reproductive Health Promotion / Gro Th. Lie -- Part II. Contextual aspects of adolescent Sexual and reproductive Health -- 5. From Initiation Rituals to AIDS Education: Entering Adulthood at the Turn of the Millenium / Graziella Van den Bergh -- 6. Illegal Abortion among Adolescents in Dar es Salaam / Vibeke Rasch & Margrethe Silberschmidt -- 7. Adolescent Sexuality and the AIDS Epidemic in Tanzania: what Has Gone wrong? / Melkizedeck T. Leshabari, Sylvia F. Kaaya & Anna Tengia-Kessy -- 8. To Risk or not To Risk? Is It a Question? Sexual Debut, Poverty and Vulnerability in Times of HIV: A Case from Kigoma Region, Tanzania / Graziella Van den Bergh -- Part III. Addressing the Needs of adolescents: arenas for action -- 9. Peer Education for Adolescent Reproductive Health: An Effective Method for Program Delivery, a Powerful Empowerment Strategy, or Neither? / Sheri Bastien, Alan J. Flisher, Catherine Mathews & Knut-Inge Klepp -- 10. Adolescent-Friendly Health Services in Uganda / John Arube-Wani, Jessica Jitta & Lillian Mpabulungi Ssengooba -- 11. Quality of Care: Assessing Nurses’ and Midwives’ Attitudes towards Adolescents with Sexual and Reproductive Health Problems / Elisabeth Faxelid, Joyce Musandu, Irene Mushinge, Eva Nissen & Mathilde Zvinavashe -- Part IV. Evaluation and review of Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 12. Evaluating Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Interventions in Southern and Eastern Africa / Alan J. Flisher, Wanjiru Mukoma & Johann Louw -- 13. A Systematic Review of School-Based HIV/AIDS Prevention Programmes in South Africa / Wanjiru Mukoma & Alan J. Flisher</p
Sosialpsykologisk atferdsteori: Praktiske konsekvenser for helseundevisning i skolen
No full textMålet med hälsoundervisning i skolan är bland annat att påverka elevernas hälsorelaterade beteende. I denna artikel visar Knut-Inge Klepp hur man med utgångspunkt i generella modeller för beteende kan analysera faktorer som påverkar de ungas hälsobeteende. Med exempel från en kursplan om näring och kosthåll för åk 7 visar han hur elevernas eget engagemang och kunskaper kan utnyttjas. Lärarens roll i undervisningen blir att vara initiativtagare, tillrättaläggare, vägledare och inspiratör, samtidigt som läraren kan hjälpa eleverna till att tillägna sig sociala och praktiska färdigheter nödvändiga för att kunna välja hälsobefrämjande handlingsalternativ
Nasjonale landsrepresentative kartlegginger av fysisk aktivitet, fysisk form og tid i ro. Rapport fra arbeidsgruppen mars 2017
No full textEvaluation of "13-18 Alcohol is not for children", 1999
No full textThe aim was to evaluate the educational program "13-18 Alcohol is not for children" that was prepared by the Norwegian Directorate of Health for usage in the eight grade classes. The educational program aimed at eliminating parents as a source of alcohol for teenagers, to reduce alcohol consumption and to engage a conversation between parents and children about teenagers and alcohol. The evaluation was a collaborative project between the Norwegian Directorate of Health, the Education Office in Aust-Agder and the project "Stopp Heimbrent'n" in Nord-Trøndelag. It was selected intervention-schools in each of the two counties
Nasjonale landsrepresentative kartlegginger av fysisk aktivitet, fysisk form og tid i ro. Rapport fra arbeidsgruppen mars 2017
No full textpublishedVersio
Cross-national variation in the association between family structure and overweight and obesity: Findings from the Health Behaviour in School-aged children (HBSC) study
Full text linkTrends of increased complexity in family structure have developed alongside increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity. This study examines cross-national variations in the likelihood of living with overweight and obesity among adolescents living with one parent versus two parents, as well as the influence of living with stepparents, grandparents and siblings. Furthermore, the study explores how these associations relate to age, gender and individual-level socioeconomic status (SES) and country-level SES. We hypothesised that adolescents living in one-parent versus two-parents families, were more likely to live with overweight and obesity
Changes in accessibility and preferences predict children's future fruit and vegetable intake
No full textAbstract Background Most children eat fewer fruits and vegetables than recommended. To be able to design effective interventions, understanding the aetiology of the behaviour is important. Accessibility and preferences have shown to be strong correlates of fruit and vegetable intake in several cross-sectional studies. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of future fruit and vegetable intake and to explore longitudinal patterns of interactions between accessibility and preferences. Methods Data presented are based on baseline (September 2001) and follow-up (May/June 2002) surveys of 20 control schools in the Norwegian intervention study Fruits and Vegetables Make the Marks. A total of 816 pupils (77%) completed both baseline and follow-up questionnaires. The average age of the sample at baseline was 11.8 years. The research instrument assessing potential predictor variables was guided by Social Cognitive Theory, and included Accessibility at home, Accessibility at school, Modelling, Intention, Preferences, Self-Efficacy and Awareness of the 5-a-day recommendations. Multiple regression analyses were performed. Results All independent variables (measured at baseline) were significantly correlated to future fruit and vegetable intake (measured at follow-up). When reported fruit and vegetable intake at baseline (past intake) was included in this model, the effect of the other independent variables diminished. Together with past intake, the observed change in the independent variables from baseline to follow-up explained 43% of the variance in the reported intake at follow-up. Past intake remained the strongest predictor, but changes in accessibility at home and at school, as well as changes in preferences for fruits and vegetables, also explained significant amounts of the variance in fruit and vegetable intake at follow-up. In addition, baseline accessibility was found to moderate the relationship between change in preferences and change in intake. Conclusion Change in accessibility and preferences appear to be important predictors of future fruit and vegetable intake among school children. Interventions should focus on strategies to modify these factors.</p
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