130 research outputs found
Numerical simulations of rotating axisymmetric sunspots
No full textA numerical model of axisymmetric convection in the presence of a vertical magnetic flux bundle and rotation about the axis is presented. The model contains a compressible plasma described by the non-linear MHD equations, with density and temperature gradients simulating the upper layer of the Sun's convection zone. The solutions exhibit a central magnetic flux tube in a cylindrical numerical domain, with convection cells forming collar flows around the tube. When the numerical domain is rotated with a constant angular velocity, the plasma forms a Rankine vortex, with the plasma rotating as a rigid body where the magnetic field is strong, as in the flux tube, while experiencing sheared azimuthal flow in the surrounding convection cells, forming a free vortex. As a result, the azimuthal velocity component has its maximum value close to the outer edge of the flux tube. The azimuthal flow inside the magnetic flux tube and the vortex flow is prograde relative to the rotating cylindrical reference frame. A retrograde flow appears at the outer wall. The most significant convection cell outside the flux tube is the location for the maximum value of the azimuthal magnetic field component. The azimuthal flow and magnetic structure are not generated spontaneously, but decay exponentially in the absence of any imposed rotation of the cylindrical domain
Richardson, Barbauld, and the construction of an early modern fan club
No full textMPhilMuch has been written about the life and long works of the eighteenth century epistolary novelist, Samuel Richardson, but the prospect of his position as the first celebrity novelist – responsible for courting his own fame as well as initiating his own fan club – has largely been ignored. The body of manuscripts housed at the National Art Library in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London provides the modern scholar with evidence of the skeletal beginnings of an early fan club. This thesis aims to show how these manuscripts were turned into a saleable commodity by the publisher and entrepreneur Richard Phillips, while under the guiding hand of another, slightly later, literary celebrity, Anna Laetitia Barbauld. In order to restore Richardson’s reputation amongst a new nineteenth century audience, Barbauld was required to construct her own idea of him as an eighteenth century celebrity author, and in doing so the insecurities of a self-professed, apparently diffident man, are revealed. Barbauld’s capacious, but heavily edited selection of letters is analyzed in this thesis, providing ample evidence that Richardson’s correspondents were more than just eager letter writers. By using Barbauld’s biography of Richardson this thesis aims to show how she manipulates the genre of life writing in her construction of him.
This thesis offers an alternative reading of how the Richardson manuscripts are viewed, redefining them as not simply a collection of letters, but as a collective entity, deliberately selected and archived as evidence of an early modern fan club, and its celebrity managing director
Preservice Teachers' Development of Effective Approaches to Text-based Discussion
No full textText-based discussion is a dialogic instructional practice to promote reading comprehension among students. To enact this practice, a teacher engages students in authentic conversation about text as students read it, to assist them in building understanding of text ideas as they are encountered. Text-based discussion has the potential to promote the development of both low-level and high-level comprehension skills among students, yet teachers need support in learning to enact it. Research has indicated that text-based discussion is not well-represented in classrooms today, likely because not many teachers have access to this support.
Recently, some teacher educators have focused on teaching preservice teachers (PSTs) to enact text-based discussions during teacher preparation programs, in an attempt to increase the presence of the practice in classrooms. Practice-based methods courses have been developed which attempt to provide preservice teachers with the knowledge and skill needed to enact text-based discussions successfully. This study investigated the ways in which six preservice teachers’ enactments of text-based discussion developed over the course of their one-year student teaching placements, after completing one such methods course in which they learned to enact the practice.
Data were collected at three time points during student teaching, and included transcripts of enactments of text-based discussion, lesson plans, interview transcripts, and assessments of lesson quality using the Instructional Quality Instrument (Junker et al., 2004). Analysis of the data suggested that the PSTs entered student teaching with the ability to enact text-based discussions with a moderate level of success, and that the quality of the discussions continued to improve over the course of the school year. The methods course seemed to support PSTs in learning to link student comments and press students for accuracy and reasoning. PSTs were more successful in eliciting student linking and recall of explicit text information than in eliciting elaborated responses from students; the participation structure enforced by the PST seemed to influence the extent to which students provided elaborated responses. This study supports the use of practice-based methods courses to teach PSTs to enact text-based discussions, and uncovers several areas that are in need of additional focus during these courses
An Impact Study of the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) in the Six ACP Regions
No full textThis article intends to present a very detailed analysis of the trade-related aspects of Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) negotiations. We use a dynamic partial equilibrium model – focusing on the demand side – at the HS6 level (covering 5,113 HS6 products). Two alternative lists of sensitive products are constructed, one giving priority to the agricultural sectors, the other focusing on tariff revenue preservation. In order to be WTO compatible, EPAs must translate into 90 percent of bilateral trade fully liberalised. We use this criterion to simulate EPAs for each negotiating regional block. ACP exports to the EU are forecast to be 10 percent higher with the EPAs than under the GSP/EBA option. On average ACP countries are forecast to lose 70 percent of tariff revenues on EU imports in the long run. Yet imports from other regions of the world will continue to provide tariff revenues. Thus when tariff revenue losses are computed on total ACP imports, losses are limited to 26 percent on average in the long run and even 19 percent when the product lists are optimised. The final impact on the economy depends on the importance of tariffs in government revenue and on potential compensatory effects. However this long term and less visible effect will mainly depend on the capacity of each ACP country to reorganise its fiscal base.Preferential Trade Agreements, Africa, EPAs, Partial Equilibrium Simulations, International Relations/Trade,
One-Syllable Books
No full textThis book in excellent condition seems to represent a use of Weir's illustrations, which first appeared in The Children's Picture Fable-Book Containing One Hundred and Sixty Fables in 1860. See my copies dated 1860? and 1861 and 1862. This book has a larger page-format and only some fifty-eight fables. One of the sixty illustrations used there is not used here. As far as I can ascertain, the sixtieth, unused illustration is either BF (on 61 in the other editions) or the title-page's illustration of deer and faun. The illustrations here are excellent! The text is different from the text used in the other versions. Notice that Routledge had a whole series of one-syllable books. Other items in the series are listed facing the beginning T of C. The blue, black, and yellow cover puts one L-shaped section including two diverse scenes over another illustration. The result is both diffuse and confusing.This is a hardbound book (hard cover)G. Moir Busse
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Identifying idiolect in forensic authorship attribution: an n-gram textbite approach
No full textForensic authorship attribution is concerned with identifying authors of disputed or anonymous documents, which are potentially evidential in legal cases, through the analysis of linguistic clues left behind by writers. The forensic linguist “approaches this problem of questioned authorship from the theoretical position that every native speaker has their own distinct and individual version of the language [. . . ], their own idiolect” (Coulthard, 2004: 31). However, given the diXculty in empirically substantiating a theory of idiolect, there is growing concern in the Veld that it remains too abstract to be of practical use (Kredens, 2002; Grant, 2010; Turell, 2010). Stylistic, corpus, and computational approaches to text, however, are able to identify repeated collocational patterns, or n-grams, two to six word chunks of language, similar to the popular notion of soundbites: small segments of no more than a few seconds of speech that journalists are able to recognise as having news value and which characterise the important moments of talk. The soundbite oUers an intriguing parallel for authorship attribution studies, with the following question arising: looking at any set of texts by any author, is it possible to identify ‘n-gram textbites’, small textual segments that characterise that author’s writing, providing DNA-like chunks of identifying material
Accelerated Growth Plate Mineralization and Foreshortened Proximal Limb Bones in Fetuin-A Knockout Mice
No full textPMCID: PMC3473050This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Author Profiling and Plagiarism Detection
No full textThe final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25485-2_6In this chapter we introduce the topics that we will cover in the RuSSIR 2014 course on Author Profiling and Plagiarism Detection (APPD). Author profiling distinguishes between classes of authors studying how language is shared by classes of people. This task helps in identifying profiling aspects such as gender, age, native language, or even personality type. In case of the plagiarism detection task we are not interested in studying how language is shared. On the contrary, given a document we are interested in investigating if the writing style changes in order to unveil text inconsistencies, i.e., unexpected irregularities through the document such as changes in vocabulary, style and text complexity. In fact, when it is not possible to retrieve the source document(s) where plagiarism has been committed from, the intrinsic analysis of the suspicious document is the only way to find evidence of plagiarism. The difficulty in retrieving the source of plagiarism could be due to the fact that the documents are not available on the web or the plagiarised text fragments were obfuscated via paraphrasing or translation (in case the source document was in another language). In this overview, we also discuss the results of the shared tasks on author profiling (gender and age identification) and plagiarism detection that we help to organise at the PAN Lab on Uncovering Plagiarism, Authorship, and Social Software Misuse.The PAN shared tasks on author profil-ing and on plagiarism detection have been organised in the framework of the WIQ-EIIRSES project (Grant No. 269180) within the EC FP 7 Marie Curie People. The research work described in the paper was carried out in the framework of the DIANA-APPLICATIONS-Finding Hidden Knowledge in Texts: Applications (TIN2012-38603-C02-01) project, and the VLC/CAMPUS Microcluster on Multimodal Interaction inIntelligent Systems.Rosso, P. (2015). Author Profiling and Plagiarism Detection. En Information Retrieval. Springer. 229-250. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25485-2_6S229250Argamon, S., Koppel, M., Fine, J., Shimoni, A.R.: Gender, genre, and writing style in formal written texts. TEXT 23, 321–346 (2003)Association of Teachers and Lecturers. School work plagued by plagiarism - ATL survey. Technical report, Association of Teachers and Lecturers, London, UK (2008). (Press release)Barrón-Cedeño, A.: On the mono- and cross-language detection of text re-use and plagiarism. Ph.D. thesis, Universitat Politènica de València (2012)Barrón-Cedeño, A., Rosso, P., Pinto, D., Juan, A.: On cross-lingual plagiarism analysis using a statistical model. 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In: CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org), ISSN 1613–0073 (2014). http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1180/Comas, R., Sureda, J., Nava, C., Serrano, L.: Academic cyberplagiarism: a descriptive and comparative analysis of the prevalence amongst the undergraduate students at Tecmilenio University (Mexico) and Balearic Islands University (Spain). In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies (EDULEARN 2010), Barcelona (2010)Flesch, R.: A new readability yardstick. J. Appl. Psychol. 32(3), 221–233 (1948)Flores, E., Barrón-Cedeño, A., Rosso, P., Moreno, L.: Desocore: detecting source code re-use across programming languages. In: Proceedings of 12th International Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, NAACL-2012, pp. 1–4, Montreal, Canada (2012)Flores, E., Barrón-Cedeño, A., Moreno, L., Rosso, P.: Uncovering source code re-use in large-scale programming environments. In: Computer Applications in Engineering and Education, Accepted (2014). doi: 10.1002/cae.21608Forner, P., Navigli, R., Tufis, D.: CLEF 2013 evaluation labs and workshop - working notes papers, 23–26 September. Valencia, Spain (2013)Franco-Salvador, M., Gupta, P., Rosso, P.: Cross-Language plagiarism detection using a multilingual semantic network. In: Braslavski, P., Kuznetsov, S.O., Kamps, J., Rüger, S., Agichtein, E., Segalovich, I., Yilmaz, E., Serdyukov, P. (eds.) ECIR 2013. LNCS, vol. 7814, pp. 710–713. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)Franco-Salvador, M., Gupta, P., Rosso, P.: Knowledge graphs as context models: improving the detection of cross-language plagiarism with paraphrasing. In: Ferro, N. (ed.) PROMISE Winter School 2013. LNCS, vol. 8173, pp. 227–236. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)Gollub, T., Stein, B., Burrows, S.: Ousting Ivory tower research: towards a web framework for providing experiments as a service. In: Hersh, B., Callan, J., Maarek, Y., Sanderson, M., (eds.) 35th International ACM Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR 2012), pp. 1125–1126. ACM, August 2012. ISBN 978-1-4503-1472-5. doi: 10.1145/2348283.2348501Gollub, T., Hagen, M., Michel, M., Stein, B.: From keywords to keyqueries: content descriptors for the web. In: Gurrin, C., Jones, G., Kelly, D., Kruschwitz, U., de Rijke, M., Sakai, T., Sheridan, P., (eds.) 36th International ACM Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR 2013), pp. 981–984. ACM (2013)Goswami, S., Sarkar, S., Rustagi, M.: Stylometric analysis of bloggers’ age and gender. In: Adar, E., Hurst, M., Finin, T., Glance, N.S., Nicolov, N., Tseng, B.L., (eds.) ICWSM. The AAAI Press (2009)Gressel, G., Hrudya, P., Surendran, K., Thara, S., Aravind, A., Prabaharan, P.: Ensemble Learning Approach for Author Profiling-Notebook for PAN at CLEF 2014. In: Cappellato, et al. [9]Grozea, C., Popescu, M.: ENCOPLOT - performance in the Second International Plagiarism Detection Challenge lab report for PAN at CLEF 2010. In: Braschler and Harman [8]Grozea, C., Gehl, C., Popescu, M.: ENCOPLOT: pairwise sequence matching in linear time applied to plagiarism detection. In: Stein et al., (ed.) Overview of the 1st International Competition on Plagiarism Detection, pp. 10–18 (2009)Gunning, R.: The Technique of Clear Writing. McGraw-Hill Int. Book Co, New York (1952)Gupta, P., Barrón-Cedeño, A., Rosso, P.: Cross-language high similarity search using a conceptual thesaurus. In: Catarci, T., Peñas, A., Santucci, G., Forner, P., Hiemstra, D. (eds.) CLEF 2012. LNCS, vol. 7488, pp. 67–75. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)Honore, A.: Some simple measures of richness of vocabulary. Assoc. Lit. Linguist. Comput. Bull. 7(2), 172–177 (1979)IEEE. A Plagiarism FAQ. http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/plagiarism_FAQ.html (2008). Published: 2008; Last Accessed 25 November 2012Koppel, M., Argamon, S., Shimoni, A.R.: Automatically categorizing written texts by author gender. Lit. Linguist. Comput. 17(4), 401–412 (2002)Liau, Y., Vrizlynn, L.: Submission to the author profiling competition at pan-2014. In: Proceedings Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing III (2014). http://www.webis.de/research/events/pan-14Lopez-Monroy, A.P., Montes-Y-Gomez, M., Escalante, H.J., Villaseñor-Pineda, L., Villatoro-Tello, E.: INAOE’s participation at PAN 2013: author profiling task–notebook for PAN at CLEF 2013. In: Forner, et al. [14]Pastor López-Monroy, A., Montes y Gómez, M., Escalante, H.J., Villaseñor-Pineda, L.: Using Intra-profile information for author profiling-notebook for PAN at CLEF 2014. In: Cappellato, et al. [9]Maharjan, S., Shrestha, P., Solorio, T.: A simple approach to author profiling in MapReduce–notebook for PAN at CLEF 2014. In: Cappellato, et al. [9]Marquardt, J., Fanardi, G., Vasudevan, G., Moens, M.F., Davalos, S., Teredesai, A., De Cock, M.: Age and gender identification in social media-notebook for PAN at CLEF 2014. In: Cappellato, et al. [9]Martin, B.: Plagiarism: policy against cheating or policy for learning? Nexus (Newsl. Aust. Sociol. Assoc.) 16(2), 15–16 (2004)Mcnamee, P., Mayfield, J.: Character n-gram tokenization for european language text retrieval. Inf. Retr. 7(1), 73–97 (2004)Meina, M., Brodzinska, K., Celmer, B., Czokow, M., Patera, M., Pezacki, J., Wilk, M.: Ensemble-based classification for author profiling using various features-notebook for PAN at CLEF 2013. In: Forner, et al. [14]Eissen, S.M., Stein, B.: Intrinsic plagiarism detection. In: Tombros, A., Yavlinsky, A., Rüger, S.M., Tsikrika, T., Lalmas, M., MacFarlane, A. (eds.) ECIR 2006. LNCS, vol. 3936, pp. 565–569. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)Montes y Gómez, M., Gelbukh, A.F., López-López, A., Baeza-Yates, R.A.: Flexible comparison of conceptual graphs. In: Proceedings DEXA, pp. 102–111 (2001)Navigli, R., Ponzetto, S.P.: BabelNet: the automatic construction, evaluation and application of a wide-coverage multilingual semantic network. Artif. Intell. 193, 217–250 (2012)Nawab, R.M.A., Stevenson, M., Clough, P.: University of sheffield lab report for pan at clef 2010. In: Braschler and Harman [8]Nguyen, D., Gravel, R., Trieschnigg, D., Meder, T.: “how old do you think i am?”; a study of language and age in twitter. In: Proceedings of the Seventh International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (2013)Oberreuter, G., Eiselt, A.: Submission to the 6th international competition on plagiarism detection, From Innovand.io, Chile (2014). http://www.webis.de/research/events/pan-14Och, F.J., Ney, H.: A systematic comparison of various statistical alignment models. Comput. Linguist. 29(1), 19–51 (2003)Palkovskii, Y., Belov, A.: Developing high-resolution universal multi-type N-Gram plagiarism detector-notebook for PAN at CLEF 2014. In: Cappellato, et al. [9]Pennebaker, J.W., Mehl, M.R., Niederhoffer, K.G.: Psychological aspects of natural language use: our words, our selves. Ann. Rev. Psychol. 54(1), 547–577 (2003)Potthast, M., Stein, B., Barrón-Cedeño, A., Rosso, P.: An evaluation framework for plagiarism detection. In: COLING 2010: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics, pp. 997–1005 (2010)Potthast, M., Stein, B., Anderka, M.: A wikipedia-based multilingual retrieval model. In: Plachouras, V., Macdonald, C., Ounis, I., White, R.W., Ruthven, I. (eds.) ECIR 2008. LNCS, vol. 4956, pp. 522–530. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)Potthast, M., Stein, B., Eiselt, A., Barrón-Cedeño, A., Rosso, P.:. Overview of the 1st international competition on plagiarism detection. In: Stein, B., Rosso, P., Stamatatos, E., Koppel, M., Agirre, E., (eds.) Proceedings of the SEPLN 2009 Workshop on Uncovering Plagiarism, Authorship, and Social Software Misuse (PAN 2009), pp. 1–9, 2009. 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Recent trends in digital text forensics and its evaluation
No full textThe final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40802-1_28This paper outlines the concepts and achievements of our evaluation lab on digital text forensics, PAN 13, which called for original research and development on plagiarism detection, author identification, and author profiling. We present a standardized evaluation framework for each of the three tasks and discuss the evaluation results of the altogether 58 submitted contributions. For the first time, instead of accepting the output of software runs, we collected the softwares themselves and run them on a computer cluster at our site. As evaluation and experimentation platform we use TIRA, which is being developed at the Webis Group in Weimar. TIRA can handle large-scale software submissions by means of virtualization, sandboxed execution, tailored unit testing, and staged submission. In addition to the achieved evaluation results, a major achievement of our lab is that we now have the largest collection of state-of-the-art approaches with regard to the mentioned tasks for further analysis at our disposal.This work was partially supported by the WIQ-EI IRSES project (Grant No. 269180) within the FP7 Marie Curie action.Gollub, T.; Potthast, M.; Beyer, A.; Busse, M.; Rangel Pardo, FM.; Rosso, P.; Stamatatos, E.... (2013). Recent trends in digital text forensics and its evaluation. En Information Access Evaluation. Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Visualization. Springer Verlag (Germany). 282-302. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40802-1_28S282302Aleman, Y., Loya, N., Vilarino Ayala, D., Pinto, D.: Two Methodologies Applied to the Author Profiling Task—Notebook for PAN at CLEF 2013. In: Forner, et al. (eds.) [15]Argamon, S., Juola, P.: Overview of the International Authorship Identification Competition at PAN-2011. 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Integration without Europeanisation: Ukraine and its Policy towards the European Union
No full textThis paper examines the progress of, and conditions for, Europeanisation in one of the EU's new neighbours to the East. Since the late 1990s under Leonid Kuchma's presidency, Ukraine regularly expressed its willingness to participate in European integration via membership of the European Union. Yet these foreign policy declarations have not been accompanied by the necessary acceleration of domestic reforms. The paper argues that Ukraine has sought integration with the EU but without undergoing Europeanisation-extensive change to institutions and policies at the domestic level in line with EU's more or less explicit 'normative targets'. This is despite the fact that this is a model of proven utility as evidenced by its implementation in East-Central European states. The paper aims to explain why the progress of Ukraine's integration with the EU has been confined to foreign policy declarations by exploring: first, the role of sources of Ukraine's policy towards the EU both at the elite and mass levels; and second, the reasons for Ukraine's inability to enact the 'European choice' in domestic reforms. Finally, the conditions under which a shift from declarations to actual Europeanisation in post-Soviet non-EU countries might occur will be identified by extrapolating from insights drawn from the literature on the EU's eastern enlargement in the context of the EU's new European Neighbourhood Policy.legitimacy; East-Central Europe; political science; European identity; identity; democratization
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