1,721,028 research outputs found
Towards a sustainable circular system of textiles in the Nordics
No full textThe Nordic countries are big consumers of home textiles and clothing, but the textiles do not stay here for a long time. Although some clothes and home textiles are reused among friends, family, sold on marketplaces or donated to non-profit organizations (NGO), most end up in the residual waste and are incinerated. This is leading to huge material and resource lost since over fifty percent of the textiles could have been reused or recycled. Of the textiles that are separately collected, the majority are exported abroad for sorting and reuse whereas a tiny fraction is fiber-to-fiber recycled. Seeing that the textile industry is one of the most resource consuming industries with a high environmental impact it is important that the Nordic countries increase the collection and recycling rates and reuse more locally. It will not be possible to export EOL textiles in the same way as before. Around 40 countries have stopped importing EOL textiles and the EU is setting requirements for separate collection from 2025. This will mean that volumes of EOL textiles will increase in Europe at the same time as it will be increasingly difficult to find outlets for these volumes. As collection rates increase, so will the proportion of textiles that cannot be reused but hopefully be recycled (recyclables). There is no organized collection for recyclables, but several innovative initiatives are happening within this area, not least in the Nordic countries, where many automated sorting and recycling facilities are emerging. The SATIN project focuses on increasing circularity of EOL textile in the Nordic region and has a strong focus on supply chain management (SCM). SCM relates to balancing the supply and demand of materials to achieve efficiency in the material flow of EOL textiles and related information, and monetary flows as well as collaboration between actors in the EOL textile value chain. The purpose of the SATIN project is to develop and test solutions that can address the EOL textile collection and sorting challenges by taking a SCM perspective. In the project we have 1) Mapped and identified challenges and opportunities in the current system by interviewing main actors in the value chain of EOL textiles in Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Finland, 2) Analyzed nine pilot studies of different collection methods. The pilots differ in terms of who organize the collection and sorting, the geographical area in which the collection service is offered, type of collection method, and if collection is carried out in one or two fractions, 3) Estimated volumes of recyclable textiles and their fiber composition and compared this supply with the current and upcoming sorting and recycling capacity (demand) in each country and in the whole Nordic area. Our results show there are large similarities between the actors in the Nordic countries when it comes to challenges and opportunities in the value chain of EOL textiles. Main challenges can be connected to lack of scale, low profit, no demand, and lack of data whereas opportunities are seen in collaboration, centralization and understanding/finding a market for EOL textiles. Connected to collection methods it was found that it is difficult to compare different methods because there are so many factors at play. However, it became clear that regardless of the collection method, the role of the consumer is very important in scaling up collection. Connected to recyclables our results show that the upcoming automatic sorting and recycling capacity in the Nordic region will be sufficient to deal with the total recyclable fraction, except for some of the synthetic fibers. However, there are imbalances within each country raising a need for collaboration among countries. To make local automatic sorting and recycling possible, it is important to find solutions for pre-sorting within the Nordic region.
Towards a sustainable circular system of textiles in the Nordics [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textThe SATIN project focuses on increasing circularity of EOL textile in the Nordic region and has a strong focus on supply chain management (SCM). SCM relates to balancing the supply and demand of materials to achieve efficiency in the material flow of EOL textiles and related information, and monetary flows as well as collaboration between actors in the EOL textile value chain. The purpose of the SATIN project is to develop and test solutions that can address the EOL textile collection and sorting challenges by taking a SCM perspective. In the project we have 1) Mapped and identified challenges and opportunities in the current system by interviewing main actors in the value chain of EOL textiles in Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Finland, 2) Analyzed nine pilot studies of different collection methods, 3) Estimated volumes of recyclable textiles and their fiber composition and compared this supply with the current and upcoming sorting and recycling capacity (demand) in each country and in the whole Nordic area. Our results show there are large similarities between the actors in the Nordic countries when it comes to challenges and opportunities in the value chain of EOL textiles. Main challenges can be connected to lack of scale, low profit, no demand, and lack of data whereas opportunities are seen in collaboration, centralization and understanding/finding a market for EOL textiles. Connected to collection methods it was found that it is difficult to compare different methods because there are so many factors at play. However, it became clear that regardless of the collection method, the role of the consumer is very important in scaling up collection. Connected to recyclables our results show that the upcoming automatic sorting and recycling capacity in the Nordic region will be sufficient to deal with the total recyclable fraction, except for some of the synthetic fibers. However, there are imbalances within each country raising a need for collaboration among countries.</p
Use of Advanced Planning and Scheduling (APS) systems to support manufacturing planning and control processes [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textAn Advanced Planning and Scheduling (APS) system is defined as any computer program that uses advanced mathematical algorithms or logic to perform optimization and/or simulation on finite capacity scheduling, sourcing, capacity planning, resource planning, forecasting, demand planning and others. Relative the massive interest, both from academia and industry in the subject area of manufacturing planning and control, there has not been much written about the use of APS systems in practice. For academia, this means a lost opportunity of understanding benefits and problems of implementing and using advanced planning and scheduling approaches. Seeing the many algorithms developed by academia during the years that never have been put into practice this should be valuable knowledge. For practitioners, the many failed implementations should make it important to understand what could be expected when implementing an APS system and what is required to effectively use it. This thesis studies how APS systems can support manufacturing planning and control (MPC) processes in adding value to the company by focusing on the consequences of using APS system and the variables influencing the consequences of using APS systems. It is different from previous studies concerned with APS systems as special focus is given to the use, i.e. when the APS system is operated in the MPC process instead of the implementation, the phase between the software selection and going live. Four case studies and one survey have been conducted to aid in fulfilling the overall aim. The thesis found that the use of an APS system can support MPC processes by improving the decision support, simplifying planning activities, and reducing planning time and by generating feasible plans and schedules that are possible to follow. Still, the use of an APS system might make the planning activities more difficult to conduct and result in plans and schedules that are difficult to retrace or which are incorrect. It was identified that not only the use or non use of APS functionalities, but also the way the functionalities are used and the extent to which the functionalities are used influences the MPC process. The planning environment complexity, identified as the number of/and dependencies between entities and uncertainties in demand, supply and the production system of a manufacturing company, was found to influence how the APS system ‘should’ be used. Variables connected to the implementation of the APS system and to the MPC process, on the other hand, influence how the APS system is actually used. This thesis should be of interest to the subject area manufacturing planning and control. Researchers may benefit from definitions and conceptualisations of a number of constructs. For managerial usage, a number of benefits from using APS system in different MPC processes have been identified. Those may be used as a tool to assess whether the potential benefits of APS systems support the overall business objectives. Alternatively, it can be employed as an evaluation mechanism to access whether anticipated benefits were realized. A number of variables of importance in order to use an APS system in such a way so that benefits could be achieved have been identified. Those should be important when considering an APS system implementation. The thesis also contributes with a number of case descriptions in how APS systems are used in different companies and the users perceptions of using APS systems. This could be interesting knowledge for consultants and system vendors
Towards a sustainable circular system of textiles in the Nordics
No full textThe SATIN project focuses on increasing circularity of EOL textile in the Nordic region and has a strong focus on supply chain management (SCM). SCM relates to balancing the supply and demand of materials to achieve efficiency in the material flow of EOL textiles and related information, and monetary flows as well as collaboration between actors in the EOL textile value chain. The purpose of the SATIN project is to develop and test solutions that can address the EOL textile collection and sorting challenges by taking a SCM perspective. In the project we have 1) Mapped and identified challenges and opportunities in the current system by interviewing main actors in the value chain of EOL textiles in Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Finland, 2) Analyzed nine pilot studies of different collection methods, 3) Estimated volumes of recyclable textiles and their fiber composition and compared this supply with the current and upcoming sorting and recycling capacity (demand) in each country and in the whole Nordic area. Our results show there are large similarities between the actors in the Nordic countries when it comes to challenges and opportunities in the value chain of EOL textiles. Main challenges can be connected to lack of scale, low profit, no demand, and lack of data whereas opportunities are seen in collaboration, centralization and understanding/finding a market for EOL textiles. Connected to collection methods it was found that it is difficult to compare different methods because there are so many factors at play. However, it became clear that regardless of the collection method, the role of the consumer is very important in scaling up collection. Connected to recyclables our results show that the upcoming automatic sorting and recycling capacity in the Nordic region will be sufficient to deal with the total recyclable fraction, except for some of the synthetic fibers. However, there are imbalances within each country raising a need for collaboration among countries
Towards a sustainable circular system of textiles in the Nordics
No full textThe Nordic countries are big consumers of home textiles and clothing, but the textiles do not stay here for a long time. Although some clothes and home textiles are reused among friends, family, sold on marketplaces or donated to non-profit organizations (NGO), most end up in the residual waste and are incinerated. This is leading to huge material and resource lost since over fifty percent of the textiles could have been reused or recycled. Of the textiles that are separately collected, the majority are exported abroad for sorting and reuse whereas a tiny fraction is fiber-to-fiber recycled. Seeing that the textile industry is one of the most resource consuming industries with a high environmental impact it is important that the Nordic countries increase the collection and recycling rates and reuse more locally. It will not be possible to export EOL textiles in the same way as before. Around 40 countries have stopped importing EOL textiles and the EU is setting requirements for separate collection from 2025. This will mean that volumes of EOL textiles will increase in Europe at the same time as it will be increasingly difficult to find outlets for these volumes. As collection rates increase, so will the proportion of textiles that cannot be reused but hopefully be recycled (recyclables). There is no organized collection for recyclables, but several innovative initiatives are happening within this area, not least in the Nordic countries, where many automated sorting and recycling facilities are emerging. The SATIN project focuses on increasing circularity of EOL textile in the Nordic region and has a strong focus on supply chain management (SCM). SCM relates to balancing the supply and demand of materials to achieve efficiency in the material flow of EOL textiles and related information, and monetary flows as well as collaboration between actors in the EOL textile value chain. The purpose of the SATIN project is to develop and test solutions that can address the EOL textile collection and sorting challenges by taking a SCM perspective. In the project we have 1) Mapped and identified challenges and opportunities in the current system by interviewing main actors in the value chain of EOL textiles in Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Finland, 2) Analyzed nine pilot studies of different collection methods. The pilots differ in terms of who organize the collection and sorting, the geographical area in which the collection service is offered, type of collection method, and if collection is carried out in one or two fractions, 3) Estimated volumes of recyclable textiles and their fiber composition and compared this supply with the current and upcoming sorting and recycling capacity (demand) in each country and in the whole Nordic area. Our results show there are large similarities between the actors in the Nordic countries when it comes to challenges and opportunities in the value chain of EOL textiles. Main challenges can be connected to lack of scale, low profit, no demand, and lack of data whereas opportunities are seen in collaboration, centralization and understanding/finding a market for EOL textiles. Connected to collection methods it was found that it is difficult to compare different methods because there are so many factors at play. However, it became clear that regardless of the collection method, the role of the consumer is very important in scaling up collection. Connected to recyclables our results show that the upcoming automatic sorting and recycling capacity in the Nordic region will be sufficient to deal with the total recyclable fraction, except for some of the synthetic fibers. However, there are imbalances within each country raising a need for collaboration among countries. To make local automatic sorting and recycling possible, it is important to find solutions for pre-sorting within the Nordic region.
Nulägesbeskrivning av godstransportsystemet i Sverige
No full textDetta kapitel ger en övergripande nulägesbeskrivning av det svenska godstransportsystemet inklusive sårbarheter och trender av betydelse för godstransportsystemets resiliens. Texten bygger på en sammanställning främst av rapporter från transportmyndigheter och forsknings- och innovationsprojekt med fokus på logistik samt några rapporter från MSB. Ett par forskningsartiklar har också använts. Kapitlet baseras inte på någon egen datainsamling eller analys. Syftet med kapitlet är snarare att ge läsaren en kort och tydlig översikt av nuläget inom godstransporter och logistik
Improving construction transport efficiency by digitalization
No full textPurpose: Digitalization is often argued as essential for efficient transport but is not used to any large extent within construction. Seeing that there is a great theoretical potential of digitalization, the purpose of the study is to understand if and how digitalization can be used to improve construction transport efficiency.Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a case study research method where data was collected through observations and unstructured interviews. The HTO model (human, technological, organizational aspects) is used to support the analysis.Findings: Even though digitalization in general is considered to achieve increased efficiency, the findings of the paper show that ineffective use of digitalization increases time and effort. In fact, the way digitalization is currently being used in the case study, manual work has increased rather than decreased.Research limitations/implications: This study is based on a single-case study. Further studies are needed to give more insights into this phenomenon. Practical implications (if applicable) The findings of this study suggest that better organization of activities in the transport delivery flow can be achieved if companies make well planned and well executed use of digitalization along with appropriate use of software functionalities.Original/value: The study highlights that using digitalization for the sake of using it, is not enough. To fully realize the potential of digitalization, it is important to integrate digitalization in the existing processes.</p
Nulägesbeskrivning av godstransportsystemet i Sverige [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textDetta kapitel ger en övergripande nulägesbeskrivning av det svenska godstransportsystemet inklusive sårbarheter och trender av betydelse för godstransportsystemets resiliens. Texten bygger på en sammanställning främst av rapporter från transportmyndigheter och forsknings- och innovationsprojekt med fokus på logistik samt några rapporter från MSB. Ett par forskningsartiklar har också använts. Kapitlet baseras inte på någon egen datainsamling eller analys. Syftet med kapitlet är snarare att ge läsaren en kort och tydlig översikt av nuläget inom godstransporter och logistik.</p
When should advanced planning and scheduling systems be used in sales and operations planning?
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to explore how the context affects successful use of advanced planning and scheduling (APS) systems in sales and operations planning (S&OP) processes, and how individual, technological, and organizational (ITO) dimensions affect this procedure.
A qualitative case study of two APS system-supported S&OP processes is conducted. The work aims to generate propositions concerning the relationships among the use of APS system, the context, ITO dimensions, and fulfillment of S&OP aims.
Findings show that the use of APS systems was especially appropriate in support of S&OP processes in complex planning environments and when S&OP aims were ambitious. ITO dimensions were important influences on successful APS system use in most contexts. APS systems were not considered appropriate when having S&OP processes with ambitious aims and low individual and organizational maturities. Use of APS systems was also inappropriate when the extent of technological maturity was minimal. S&OP processes with ambitious aims, operating within a complex planning environment, are difficult if not impossible to implement without the support of APS systems.
The suggestions on when APS systems should be used in different S&OP environments will be useful to companies implementing or about to implement APS systems.
APS systems offer great potential if they are effectively used to support S&OP, still the use of APS system in S&OP is unexplored. The paper shows how the context and the ITO dimensions affect the successful use of APS systems in S&OP processes
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