1,720,981 research outputs found
CONTROLLABLE BLUR DATA AUGMENTATION USING 3D-AWARE MOTION ESTIMATION
No full textExisting realistic blur datasets provide insufficient variety in scenes and blur patterns to be trained, while expanding data diversity demands considerable time and effort due to complex dual-camera systems. To address the challenge, data augmentation can be an effective way to artificially increase data diversity. However, existing methods on this line are typically designed to estimate motions from a 2D perspective, e.g., estimating 2D non-uniform kernels disregarding 3D aspects of blur modeling, which leads to unrealistic motion patterns due to the fact that camera and object motions inherently arise in 3D space. In this paper, we propose a 3D-aware blur synthesizer capable of generating diverse and realistic blur images for blur data augmentation. Specifically, we estimate 3D camera positions within the motion blur interval, generate the corresponding scene images, and aggregate them to synthesize a realistic blur image. Since the 3D camera positions projected onto the 2D image plane inherently lie in 2D space, we can represent the 3D transformation as a combination of 2D transformation and projected 3D residual component. This allows for 3D transformation without requiring explicit depth measurements, as the 3D residual component is directly estimated via a neural network. Furthermore, our blur synthesizer allows for controllable blur data augmentation by modifying blur magnitude, direction, and scenes, resulting in diverse blur images. As a result, our method significantly improves deblurring performance, making it more practical for real-world scenarios
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Meta Variance Transfer: Learning to Augment from The Others
No full textHumans have the ability to robustly recognize objects with various factors of variations such as nonrigid transformations, background noises, and changes in lighting conditions. However, training deep learning models generally require huge amount of data instances under diverse variations, to ensure its robustness. To alleviate the need of collecting large amount of data and better learn to generalize with scarce data instances, we propose a novel meta-learning method which learns to transfer factors of variations from one class to another, such that it can improve the classification performance on unseen examples. Transferred variations generate virtual samples that augment the feature space of the target class during training, simulating upcoming query samples with similar variations. By sharing the factors of variations across different classes, the model becomes more robust to variations in the unseen examples and tasks using small number of examples per class. We validate our model on multiple benchmark datasets for few-shot classification and face recognition, on which our model significantly improves the performance of the base model, outperforming relevant baselines
Development of Kim Jong-un Affinity Index of North Korean Power Elite : With Focus on Change in Field Inspection Members after Execution of Jang Sung-taek
No full text본고에서는 김정은과 북한 권력엘리트 개인의 관계를 측정할 수 있는 지표를 개발하여 북한 정권의 특성을 분석해보았다. 먼저 김정은의 현지지도 동향(2012-2015)에 대한 요인분석(factor analysis)을 실시한 결과 북한 권력엘리트는 장성택 처형 이전에 현지지도를 자주 수행하는 인원과 장성택 처형 이후에 현지지도를 자주 수행하는 두 집단으로 구분되었다. 본고에서는 장성택 처형 이전과 비교하여 장성택 처형 이후에 현지지도 수행빈도가 상대적으로 증가한 인원은 김정은과 친화성이 높다고 보고, 현지지도 수행 빈도의 변화를 중심으로 김정은 친화성 지수를 산출하였다. 김정은 친화성 지수를 토대로 북한의 권력엘리트를 분석해본 결과 장성택 처형 이후 북한 권력구조에 급격한 변화가 발생하지 않았으며, 이에 따라 김정은 정권은 안정적인 것으로 평가되었다. 그 이유는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 김정은 친화성이 매우 크거나 낮은 인원, 즉 장성택 처형 이후 현지지도수행 빈도가 크게 변화된 인원이 많지 않았다. 이는 장성택 처형이 북한 권력층에 미친 영향이 크지 않았음을 의미한다. 둘째, 김정은 친화성 지수가 매우 높은 인원과 김정은 친화성 지수가 매우 낮은 인원의 직책이 동일했다. 이는 장성택 처형 이전과 이후에 현지지도를 자주 수행하는 인원의 직책이 동일하다는 것을 의미하며, 이를 통해 북한의 정책 기조에 큰 변화가 없다는 사실을 확인할 수 있다. 셋째, 당중앙군사위원회 및 국방위원회 위원들의 김정은 친화성 지수가 다른 인원들에 비해 높았다. 이는 군 중심의 북한권력구조가 유지 또는 강화되고 있다는 사실을 반영한다.This study aims to develop a quantitative index, which can be used to measure intimate relationship between North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and North Korean power elites. This study suggests Kim Jong-un Affinity Index(KAI) on the basis of factor analysis on 202 North Korean elites who have appeared more than once in Kim Jong-un's field inspection (2012- 2015). KAI indicates when between before and after the execution of Jang Sung-taek one North Korean power elite is likely to accompany Kim Jong-un. If it is taken into account that North Korean leader let his proteges to accompany field inspection, those who have a higher KAI can be assumed to have a close relation with Kim Jong-un. Major findings go as follows. First, results of factor analysis showed that North Korean power elite can be statistically significantly categorized into two groups: the first group who is likely to accompany field inspection before the execution of Jang and the second group who is likely to do so after the execution of Jang. Second, those who have been considered to have a close relationship with Jang had statistically significantly higher KAI, while those who have been considered to have a close relationship with Kim had statistically significantly lower KAI.
This study then used KAI to analyze the characteristics of Kim Jong-un regime and found that Kim Jong-un regime is relatively stable for three reasons. First, the number of North Korean power elites who have relatively higher or lower KIA is small. Contrary to expectation from existing literature, this is to say that Jang Sung-taek did not has a large group of proteges. Second, there is little difference in the positions that North Korean power elites with relatively lower KAIand North Korean power elites with relatively lower KAI assumed. Results indicates that the positions playing a critical role in decision-making process have not changed. Finally, comparing KAIby North Korea's party and government organizations, the Party Central Military Commission and the State Affairs Commission had statistically significantly higher mean score of the KAI. Therefore, it is not difficult to conclude that North Korean power structure centering around the military is maintained or strengthened
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