360 research outputs found
QJE-STD-18-253.R2-Supplementary_Material – Supplemental material for Development and assessment of the Korean Author Recognition Test
No full textSupplemental material, QJE-STD-18-253.R2-Supplementary_Material for Development and assessment of the Korean Author Recognition Test by Hyosun Lee, Eunjin Seong, Wonil Choi and Matthew W Lowder in Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</p
Hot Electron and Surface Plasmon-Driven Catalytic Reaction in Metal–Semiconductor Nanostructures
No full textA pulse of high kinetic energy electrons
(1–3 eV) in metals can be generated after surface exposure
to external energy, such as the absorption of light or exothermic
chemical processes. These energetic electrons are
not at thermal equilibrium with the metal atoms and are
called ‘‘hot electrons’’. The detection of hot electrons and
understanding the correlation between hot electron generation
and surface phenomena are challenging questions in
the surface science and catalysis community. Hot electron
flow generated on a gold thin film by photon absorption (or
internal photoemission) appears to be correlated with
localized surface plasmon resonance. In this perspective,
we outline recent research activities to develop energy
conversion devices based on hot electrons and surface
plasmons. The chemicurrent or hot electron flows correlate
well with the turnover rate of CO oxidation or hydrogen
oxidation, measured separately by gas chromatography,
suggesting an intrinsic relation between the catalytic
reaction and hot electron generation. Photon energy can be
directly converted to hot electron flow through the metal–
semiconductor interface of Pt/TiO2. The flow of hot charge
carriers influences the chemistry at the oxide–metal interface
and the turnover rate in the chemical reaction on
metal–semiconductor nanostructures. The effect of surface
plasmons on the catalytic and photocatalytic activity on
metal–oxide hybrid nanocatalysts is also highlighted.120211sciescopu
Intangibles wear materiality via material composition
No full textThe importance of material is gradually increasing in human-computer interfaces (HCIs), especially in the design of physical objects that embody digital information. Because digital information is not comprised of physical material (Belenguer et al., in Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied Interaction, ACM, New York, pp 205-212, 2012) that provides tactile feedback, advancements in HCI research involve combining physical matter with digital representations to embed materiality in immaterial beings. The emergence of new material and transmaterial (Brownell, in transmaterial: a catalog of materials that redefine our physical environment. Princeton Architectural Press, New York, 2005) indicates that material is increasingly becoming a priority in the interaction design field. We emphasize the importance of material in interaction design and discuss categories of material properties according to the characteristics of interactive systems. We divide the pre-existing materials of interaction design into three categories: tangible material, intangible material, and computational material. The relationship between tangible and computational materials has been profoundly discussed since the origin of the tangible user interface. However, intangible materials, such as air, light, and magnetism, are commonly disregarded as distinctive categorical materials in interaction design. In this paper, we argue the effectiveness of intangible materials when they are coupled with tangible and computational mediums and discuss the framework for material composition in interaction design. The concept of material composition suggests the modification of a previous perspective in interaction design, which considers that materials must have either physical or digital properties. The framework of material composition proposes various configuration dimensions that correspond to the quality of the materials used. Therefore, we manifest the framework using Inflated Roly-Poly, which is a previously developed interactive artifact, to determine the success of the reconcilement among the constituent materials and to describe the potential for investigating and resolving further implementation issues
Charge Transport in Metal–Oxide Interfaces: Genesis and Detection of Hot Electron Flow and Its Role in Heterogeneous Catalysis
No full textMost nanocatalysts are composed of highly dispersed transition metal nanoparticles on oxides. The
interface between the metal nanoparticles and the oxides plays a crucial role in determining the catalytic performance of the nanocatalysts. Due to non-adiabatic electronic excitation, energetic electrons in metals can be generated during exothermic chemical processes. The energy barrier formed at the metal–oxide interfaces leads to the irreversible transport of energetic, or hot, electrons. The dopants and impurities present on the oxides can generate additional charge carriers or oxygen vacancies that affect the catalytic activity. The accumulation or depletion of hot electrons on the metal nanoparticles, in turn, can also influence the catalytic reactions. In this article, we outline recent studies of the role of metal oxide interfaces and characteristics of fast charge transfer between metals and oxides. The electronic configuration of metal–oxide nanocatalysts during catalytic reactions will be introduced and its influence on heterogeneous catalysis will be outlined.1711Nsciescopu
FIGURE 1 in Typification of the names Asarum chungbuensis and A. maculatum (Aristolochiaceae)
No full textFIGURE 1. Neotype of Asarum chungbuensis (C.S. Yook & J.G. Kim) B.U. Oh (H.D. Jang & G.H. Nam 506, KB barcode NIBRVP774931).Published as part of Jang, Hyun-Do, Nam, Gi-Heum, Oh, Hyun-Kyung & Leem, Hyosun, 2021, Typification of the names Asarum chungbuensis and A. maculatum (Aristolochiaceae), pp. 295-299 in Phytotaxa 508 (3) on page 296, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.508.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/542599
Second nearest-neighbor modified embedded-atom method interatomic potentials for the Pt-M (M = Al, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Ti, V) binary systems
No full textInteratomic potentials for Pt-M (M = Al, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Ti, V) binary systems have been developed on the basis of the second nearest-neighbor modified embedded-atom method (2NN MEAM) formalism. The parameters of pure Mo have also been newly developed to solve a problem in the previous 2NN MEAM potential in which the sigma and ��-Mn structures become more stable than the bcc structure. The potentials reproduce various materials properties of alloys (structural, thermodynamic and order-disorder transition temperature) in reasonable agreements with relevant experimental data and other calculations. The applicability of the developed potentials to atomistic investigations for the shape and atomic configuration of Pt bimetallic nanoparticles is demonstrated. ? 2017 Elsevier Ltd11Nsciescopu
Photon-induced hot electron effect on the catalytic activity of ceria-supported gold nanoparticles
No full textThe role of charge transfer at the metal-oxide interface is a long-standing issue in surface chemistry and heterogeneous catalysis. Previous studies have shown that the flow of hot electrons crossing metal-oxide interfaces correlates with catalytic activity. In this study, we employed ceria-supported gold nanoparticles to identify a correlation between the catalytic activity of CO oxidation and hot electrons generated via light irradiation. We tuned the size of the Au nanoparticles by changing the discharge voltages used in the arc plasma deposition process, thus allowing us to investigate the influence of Au nanoparticle size on changes in catalytic activity. CO oxidation over the Au/CeOX catalysts was carried out, and we found that the activity of the Au nanoparticles increased as the size of the nanoparticles decreased, which is associated with the cationic character of the Au nanoparticles, as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. We also show that the activity of the Au nanoparticles decreases under light irradiation and that smaller nanoparticles show a higher change of turnover frequency compared with larger ones, presumably due to the mean free path of the hot electrons. From these results, we conclude that the cationic property of the gold species, induced by interaction with the CeO2 support, and the flow of hot electrons generated on the interface during light irradiation are mainly responsible for the change in catalytic activity on the Au nanoparticles. © 2015 American Chemical Society110101sciescopu
Hot-Electron-Mediated Surface Chemistry: Toward Electronic Control of Catalytic Activity
No full textConspectus Energy dissipation at surfaces and interfaces is mediated by excitation of elementary processes, including phonons and electronic excitation, once external energy is deposited to the surface during exothermic chemical processes. Nonadiabatic electronic excitation in exothermic catalytic reactions results in the flow of energetic electrons with an energy of 1-3 eV when chemical energy is converted to electron flow on a short (femtosecond) time scale before atomic vibration adiabatically dissipates the energy (in picoseconds). These energetic electrons that are not in thermal equilibrium with the metal atoms are called hot electrons. The detection of hot electron flow under atomic or molecular processes and understanding its role in chemical reactions have been major topics in surface chemistry. Recent studies have demonstrated electronic excitation produced during atomic or molecular processes on surfaces, and the influence of hot electrons on atomic and molecular processes.We outline research efforts aimed at identification of the intrinsic relation between the flow of hot electrons and catalytic reactions. We show various strategies for detection and use of hot electrons generated by the energy dissipation processes in surface chemical reactions and photon absorption. A Schottky barrier localized at the metal-oxide interface of either catalytic nanodiodes or hybrid nanocatalysts allows hot electrons to irreversibly transport through the interface. We show that the chemicurrent, composed of hot electrons excited by the surface reaction of CO oxidation or hydrogen oxidation, correlates well with the turnover rate measured separately by gas chromatography. Furthermore, we show that hot electron flows generated on a gold thin film by photon absorption (or internal photoemission) can be amplified by localized surface plasmon resonance. The influence of hot charge carriers on the chemistry at the metal-oxide interface are discussed for the cases of Au, Ag, and Pt nanoparticles on oxide supports and Pt-CdSe-Pt nanodumbbells. We show that the accumulation or depletion of hot electrons on metal nanoparticles, in turn, can also influence catalytic reactions. Mechanisms suggested for hot-electron-induced chemical reactions on a photoexcited plasmonic metal are discussed. We propose that the manipulation of the flow of hot electrons by changing the electrical characteristics of metal-oxide and metal-semiconductor interfaces can give rise to the intriguing capability of tuning the catalytic activity of hybrid nanocatalysts. © 2015 American Chemical Society137391sciescopu
Asarum chungbuensis B. U. Oh. Since 2005
No full textAsarum chungbuensis (C.S. Yook & J.G. Kim) B.U. Oh (2005: 24) Basionym: Asiasarum sieboldii Miq. f. chungbuensis C.S. Yook & J.G. Kim (1996: 343) Type (neotype, designated here):— KOREA. Gyeonggi-do: Pocheon-si, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, 294 m, 38°04′51″N, 127°25′18″E, 27 April 2020, H. D.Jang & G. H. Nam 506 (KB! barcode NIBRVP774931)(Fig. 1). Notes: —Regarding the scientific name of this taxon, Yamaki (Feb. 1996) published the name of Asiasarum sieboldii (Miq.) F. Maek. var. versicolor (1996: 1), and Yook & Kim (Nov. 1996) published the name of Asiasarum sieboldii (Miq.) F. Maek. f. chungbuensis in the same year. Later, Lee & Lee (2000) republished it with a new combination name Asarum versicolor (Yamaki) Y.N. Lee (2000: 19). Oh et al. (2005) made a new combination name Asarum chungbuensis (C.S. Yook & J.G. Kim) B.U. Oh. Since then, A. versicolor (Yamaki) Y.N. Lee has been accepted as the legitimate name, having priority (Yamaji et al. 2007, So & Kim 2008, Oh 2008, National Institute of Biological Resources 2011). In contrast, A. chungbuensis (C.S. Yook & J.G. Kim) B.U. Oh has been treated as a superfluous name of A. versicolor. However, we detected problems regarding the scientific name A. versicolor (Yamaki) Y.N. Lee. Lee (2000) referred to the basionym as “ Asiasarum sieboldii Miq. var. versicolor Yamaki, J. Jap. Bot. 71: 1–10, 1995”; thus, the name has not been validly published because whole pages of the protologue have been cited. According to Article 41.5 of the ICN (Turland et al. 2018), a new combination name is not validly published unless its basionym is clearly indicated, and a full and direct reference is given to its author and place of valid publication, with page or plate reference and date on or after January 1, 1953. In addition, according to Article 11.2 of the ICN, although Asiasarum sieboldii var. versicolor Yamaki was published before A. sieboldii f. chungbuensis C.S. Yook & J.G. Kim, neither of these names have any priority outside the rank at which they were published. Consequently, A. versicolor (Yamaki) Y.N. Lee is unacceptable, and A. chungbuensis (C.S. Yook & J.G. Kim) B.U. Oh is accepted as the legitimate name of this taxon.Published as part of Jang, Hyun-Do, Nam, Gi-Heum, Oh, Hyun-Kyung & Leem, Hyosun, 2021, Typification of the names Asarum chungbuensis and A. maculatum (Aristolochiaceae), pp. 295-299 in Phytotaxa 508 (3) on page 298, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.508.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/542599
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