1,720,980 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
PKCK2에 의하여 조절되는 PKCK2 특이 기질 동정
No full text의과학과/석사암전이란 암세포가 원발 암이 발생한 장기에서 다른 장기로 이동하는 현상을 말하며 이러한 암전이 과정에서 암세포는 침윤성과 운동성을 갖게 된다. 이때 발생하는 현상이 Epithelial mesenchymal - transition (EMT)라 하며, E-to N-switching은 EMT가 발생할 때 중요한 전제 조건이다.
Protein kinase casein kinase 2 (PKCK2)는 세포 내에서 여러 다른 기질 단백질들을 인산화 함으로써 세포성장, 증식, 자멸사, 노화 등 많은 생리기전에 관여한다고 알려져있다. 또한 최근 보고에 따르면 PKCK2는 EMT에도 관여하여 암전이와 침윤현상을 조절한다고 알려져있다. 이러한 PKCK2는 특히 사람의 암 조직이나 암 세포 주에서 그 활성이 증가되어 있다. 따라서 본 연구팀에서는 PKCK2를 표적으로 하는 항전이 분자표적 치료제를 개발 중에 있다. 분자표적치료제 개발은 개발 약물 투여 대상 환자 군을 선별 가능하게 하는 predictive biomarker의 발굴 (companion diagnostics의 개발)과 병행되어야 한다. 그러므로 PKCK2를 표적으로 하는 분자표적 치료를 시행하기 위해서는 전이의 위험성을 가지는, 즉 PKCK2의 활성이 높은 환자 군을 선별할 수 있는 PKCK2 특이 기질을 발굴하여 진단 marker로써 개발하여야 한다. 하지만 여러 암 세포 주에서 기본적인 PKCK2활성과 catalytic subunit인 CK2의 단백질 발현 수준을 확인한 결과 PKCK2활성과 비례하지 않는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러므로 PKCK2활성 증가에 따라 그 발현 양의 차이를 보이며, 그 활성을 대변해 줄 수 있는 기질을 발굴하여 임상에서 원발 암 조직의 PKCK2활성을 간접적으로 제시해 줄 임상 진단 marker를 개발하여야 한다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 여러 PKCK2 기질 단백질들을 스크리닝 하여 PKCK2활성에 따라 변화하며 그 활성을 대변해 줄 수 있는 기질 단백질을 제시 함으로써 임상에서 고 위험 환자 군을 선별 할 수 있는 biomarker로 사용되어질 가능성을 제시하고자 한다.
우선, 세포 내에서 가장 직접적으로 PKCK2 활성을 측정할 수 있는 in vitro kinase assay를 수행하여 각 세포의 PKCK2 활성을 측정 하였다. 하지만 in vitro kinase assay는 세포의 추출물을 사용하며 -32P 를 사용하는 실험이므로 임상에서 진단도구로 사용하기에는 한계가 있다고 판단되었다.
다음으로 여러 암 세포 주 내의 epithelial marker인 E-cadherin과 mesenchymal marker인 N-cadherin의 발현 수준을 확인하였다. PKCK2의 활성에 따른 N-cadherin은 발현 수준은 큰 연관성이 없었으나, PKCK2활성과 E-cadherin의 발현감소가 높은 연관성이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.
다음으로 본 연구팀의 선행연구 결과 PKCK2의 기질임을 밝힌 ZEB1의 발현수준을 여러 세포 주 내에서 확인해 보았다. 그 결과 유방암과 폐암 세포 주에서 ZEB1이 상대적으로 높은 발현 수준을 가지나, 대장암과 위암 세포 주에서는 낮은 발현 수준을 보였다. 이러한 ZEB1의 발현 차이가 PKCK2활성에 의한 것인지 또는 기본적인 ZEB1의 발현 수준이 다양한 조직 유래 세포 내에서 다양하게 존재 하기 때문인지 확인할 수 없었다. 그러므로 기본적인 발현 수준이 다른 ZEB1을 PKCK2 활성을 대변해주는 marker로 사용할 수 있을 지는 좀 더 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.
마지막으로 PKCK2 활성을 간접적으로 측정 할 수 있는 후보 기질 단백질로써 CDC37에 대한 검증을 진행하였다. PKCK2의 인산화 기질로 알려진 CDC37의 인산화 정도를 확인해 본 결과 본 연구에서 PKCK2는 CDC37을 인산화하여 그 안정성을 증가시킨다는 것을 확인하였다. 이와 상응하게 PKCK2활성에 따라 12개의 세포주중 10개의 세포에서 CDC37 및 phospho-CDC37의 발현 수준이 연관성이 있음을 확인하였다.
위의 연구 결과들을 종합 하여 볼 때 전이가 빈발하는 대장암, 위암, 유방암, 직장암의 여러 세포 주에서 E-cadherin과 CDC37, phospho-CDC37이 PKCK2활성과 높은 수준의 연관성을 가지며, PKCK2 활성을 대변할 수 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 임상에서 E-cadherin, CDC37 그리고 phospho-CDC37에 대한 immuno-histochemistry를 통하여 전이 고 위험 환자 군을 보다 신속하고 정확히 진단 할 수 있는 marker로 사용되어질 수 있는 가능성을 제시할 수 있었다.ope
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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