1,721,321 research outputs found
Regioregularity Effect of Chlorine Substituted Conjugated Copolymers on Charge Transport in Organic Field-effect Transistors
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Photomultiplication-type Organic Photodetectors with Fast Response Time Enabled by the Controlled Charge Trapping Dynamics of Quantum Dot Interlayer
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A three-dimensional transparent electrode structure with Al-doped ZnO nanorods
No full textZnO nanorod arrays on a transparent indium tin oxide/glass substrate were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. The tip diameters of the fabricated ZnO nanorods varied between 20 and 30 nm with lengths of 1 mu m. Addition of Al3+ ions to the reaction solution produced Al-doped ZnO nanorods. Themorphology and crystallinity of Al-doped ZnO nanorods were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The crystal structure was analyzed by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy confirmed the level of Al doping. The electrical properties were obtained using I-V data from an entire structure of ZnO nanorod arrays.X1145sciescopu
Understanding and Countering Illumination-Sensitive Dark Current: Toward Organic Photodetectors with Reliable High Detectivity
No full textContinuously enhanced photoresponsivity and suppressed dark/noise current coinbinatorially lead to the recent development of high-detectivity organic photodetectors with broadband sensing competence. Despite the achievements, reliable photosensing enabled by organic photodetectors (OPDs) still faces challenges. Herein, we call for heed over a universal phenomenon of detrimental sensitivity of dark current to illumination history in high-performance inverted OPDs. The phenomenon, unfavorable to the attainment of high sensitivity and consistent figures-of-merit, is shown to arise from exposure of the commonly used electron transport layer in OPDs to high-energy photons and its consequent loss of charge selectivity via systematic studies. To solve this universal problem, "double" layer tin oxide as an alternative electron transport layer is demonstrated, which not only eliminates the inconsistency between the initial and after-illumination dark current characteristics but also preserves the low magnitude of dark current, good external quantum efficiency, and rapid transient response.11Nsciescopu
Organic small-molecule heterointerface for use in transistor-type non-volatile memory
No full textA chargeable layer is an essential element for charge transfer and trapping in a transistor-based non-volatile memory device. Here we demonstrate that a heterointerface layer comprising of two different small molecules can show electrical memory characteristics. The organic heterointerface layer was fabricated with a pentacene and tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) layers by sequential vapor deposition without breaking the vacuum state. Pentacene was adopted as the active layer on the top, and Alq3 was used as the bottom layer for charge trapping. The bottom-gate top-contact transistor with an organic heterointerface layer showed distinct non-volatile memory behaviors and showed high air stability and reliability. We investigated the energy structure of the pentacene/Alq3 heterointerface layer to reveal the operation mechanism of the non-volatile memory and suggested that the writing/erasing gate bias-dependent energy barrier originating from the difference between the energy levels of the pentacene and Alq3 layers controls the charge transfer at the heterointerface layer. Our approach suggests a simple way to fabricate heterointerface layers for organic non-volatile memory applications with high air stability and reliability. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.11Nsciescopu
π‐Extended Thiazole‐Containing Polymer Semiconductor for Balanced Charge–Carrier Mobilities
No full textA low-band gap semiconducting polymer with an acceptor–donor–acceptor architecture is newly designed and synthesized by incorporating a π-extended thiazole–vinylene–thiazole unit. The resulting thiazole-containing diketopyrrolopyrrole copolymer exhibits well-balanced ambipolar characteristics with hole mobility of up to 0.11 cm2 V−1 s−1 and electron mobility of up to 0.30 cm2 V−1 s−1, which are suitable for applications in polymer electronics. © 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH11Nsciescopu
Charge Trapping in a Low-Crystalline High-Mobility Conjugated Polymer and Its Effects on the Operational Stability of Organic Field-Effect Transistors
No full textThe effects of the microstructure of conjugated polymer thin films on charge trapping and operational stability of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are investigated. Device characteristics of OFETs based on two model conjugated polymers, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and a random 3-hexylthiophene-thiophene copolymer (RP33), are compared. P3HT films have high crystallinity and long-range molecular order, whereas RP33 films have low crystallinity and short-range molecular order as well as enhanced polymer backbone planarity. Experimental evidence shows that although the microstructure of the RP33 film provides efficient charge transport pathways, its high degree of structural disorder causes severe shallow trapping of charge carriers, which results in its inferior stability under bias stress. This study demonstrates that low-crystalline conjugated polymers with short-range order can provide a high charge-carrier mobility but at the same time be inappropriate for practical OFETs because of their poor intrinsic operational stability.11Nsciescopu
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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