1,720,972 research outputs found
"Victim and Vector": The Affective Life of People with HIV Through the Epidemic Eras
No full textThis dissertation explores the criminalization of HIV nondisclosure through the lens of the sociology of health and illness, critical victimology, affect theory, and narrative theory. It situates participants' stories within different historical periods - ranging from the HIV/AIDS crisis era (1981-1995), through the era of treatment and HIV normalization (1996-present) - to demonstrate how these epochs shape the affective life of people living with HIV (PLWH) as they make sense of their diagnosis, disclosure and nondisclosure, and their sense of self in the present. Drawing on the works of Margaret Wetherell, Sara Ahmed, Ann Cvetkovich, Arthur Frank, and Paul Ricoeur it develops the concept of the affective narrative self to understand how individuals construct and make sense of their identities through the interplay of emotions and storytelling. The dissertation explores how the affective narratives of HIV are historically contingent, such that how people feel and narrate their experiences of living with HIV and their sense of self is shaped by the dominant cultural and medical logics of their time. Methodologically, it employs a feminist affective epistemology (Hemmings, 2012) and a theoretical narrative analysis (Riessman, 2008) to analyze semi-structured interviews with 44 participants - 43 PLWH and one HIV-negative person whose partner did not disclose their serostatus prior to sex - as well as lifeline drawings that visually depict their experiences.
There are three substantive analysis chapters which discuss the findings of this study. The analysis reveals that HIV nondisclosure is experienced through competing affective narratives of victimhood. While some participants described nondisclosure as a betrayal that elicited anger and sometimes a desire for legal recognition, others resisted the victim label, citing personal responsibility for sexual health. PLWH articulated their experiences of diagnosis through different registers of grief and as a form of biographical disruption, marked by narratives of the loss of one's sense of self, the loss of one's healthy body, the death of friends and family, and social death. The study further identifies the undetectable self as an affective narrative self, wherein undetectability functions as both an empowering and disciplining force. Ultimately, this research challenges punitive approaches to HIV nondisclosure and advocates for transformative justice frameworks that move beyond legal retribution to address the structural inequalities shaping PLWH's lives
Unbroken: Stories of Strength, Solidarity, and Resistance from Canadian Federal Prisons Designated for Women
No full textHistorically, criminology has taken a deficit-focused or risk and needs-based approach to examining criminological issues (Kewley, 2017). Additionally, criminology has done little to explore how engaging in positive experiences can support criminalized people and prevent further conflict with the law (Ronel & Eisha, 2011). “Correctional” programming and policies employ a psychological lens, portraying women as having disordered thinking, irrational behaviours, personality disorders, along with many risk factors and needs that require “fixing” (Pollack, 2004). In response, there has been a proliferation of critical literature documenting incarcerated women’s harmful coping strategies in reaction to structural oppression and interpersonal harms, such as self-harm, suicide, eating disorders, and substance abuse (e.g., Chamberlen, 2018; Kilty, 2011, 2012, 2014; Moore & Scraton, 2014; Zinger, 2019). Less is known about incarcerated women’s strengths, skills, solidarity, resistance, and resilience. This project provides a more wholistic understanding of incarcerated women and gender-diverse people’s identities by challenging the prevalence of deficit-focused narratives and demonstrating the characteristics of resilient prisoners. A strength-based conceptual framework of prisoner resilience, linked to central features of healing and transformative justice, was developed to guide data collection and analysis. Mobilizing feminist, qualitative, and autoethnographic research methods within the critical paradigm, interviews were conducted with 13 key informants and 20 people who were incarcerated in federal prisons designated for women. Data were interpreted via thematic narrative analysis. This study’s findings reveal that promoting criminalized people’s strengths and fostering prisoner resilience can buffer the impact of the harmful conditions of confinement, support community re-entry, and contribute to transformative social change. The harms of the carceral state are severe and extensive, leading to further exclusion of some of the most marginalized people in society. Rather than interventions targeting the perceived deficits and needs of criminalized people, a strengths-based approach that promotes healing, resilience, and relational connections is needed to build safe, inclusive, caring communities
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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