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Economic analysis of selective felling in continuous forest management
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Metsamajanduse õppekavalViimastel aastatel on Eestis hakatud üha rohkem rääkima metsa majandamist püsimetsana ning
lageraiete asemele soovitatud turbe- ja valikraieid. Valikraie on püsimetsa majandamise viis, kus
välja raiutud puud asenduvad looduslikult ning vajadusel aidatakse uuenemisele kaasa
istutamisega. Püsimets ei lõppe kunagi uuendusraiega, mis tähendab, et puistus kasvavad
erivanuselised puud ning puistu on mitmekesise struktuuriga. Valikraiete tegemise reeglid on
sätestatud metsaseaduses ja metsa majandamise eeskirjas.
Kuna püsimetsa majandamine on keerulisem kui lageraiepõhine majandamine, on keerukam ka
püsimetsa ökonoomiline hindamine. Eestis on küll uuritud püsimetsa majandamist, kuid
ökonoomilisi arvutusi ei ole tehtud. Samas soovib iga metsaomanik majandada oma metsa
majanduslikkus mõttes otstarbekalt ning sellest tekibki küsimus, kas valikraietega majandatav
mets on ka ökonoomiliselt tasuv nagu lageraietega majandatav mets?
Magistritöö põhieesmärk on teaduskirjandust uurides selgitada valikraie ökonoomiliseks
hindamiseks sobivad näitajad ja meetodid, valida neist Eesti oludele sobivaim metoodika ning
testida seda näidispuistu baasil tehtavate arvutuste abil. Hindamise kriteeriumina kasutatakse
rahavoogude puhasnüüdisväärtust. Arvutused tehakse Soome metsateadlaste esitatud valemi abil,
mille abil on võimalik hinnata peatumatult korduvate raietena majandamist. Arvutustes
kasutatakse puidu turuhinda ja metsamajanduslike tööde tegelikku maksumust. Näidispuistu
pikaajalise majandamise puhasnüüdisväärtus 3% intressimäära juures osutus negatiivseks.
Valikraiete ökonoomilise hindamise jaoks on tarvis jätkata olemasolevate katsealade puistute
arengu detailset kirjeldamist ja luua uusi katsealasid, et saada analüüsiks vajalikke andmeid.In recent years, the discussion about forest management on the principle of continuous forestry has
become active in Estonia. Shelterwood and selective felling have been recommended to use instead
of clear-cutting. Selective felling is a way of managing uneven-aged forests, where the felled trees
are replaced naturally and, if necessary, regeneration is facilitated by planting. The uneven-aged
stand never ends with regeneration felling, which means that trees of different age grow in the stand
and the stand has a diverse structure. The rules for selective felling are set out in the Forest Act and
in the Rules of Forest Management
As management of uneven-aged forest is more complex than clear-cutting management, the
economic assessment of continuous cover forestry is also more complex. Although continuous
cover forest management has been studied in Estonia, no economic calculations have been made.
The main goal of this master's thesis is to explain the indicators and methods suitable for the
economic evaluation of selective felling by studying the scientific literature. Then choose the most
suitable methodology for the Estonian conditions and test it with the help of calculations made on
the basis of a sample stand. The net present value is used as the criterion. The calculations are
performed using a formula provided by Finnish forest scientists, which estimates the net present
value of perpetual forest management. The net present value of the long-term management of
uneven-aged stand at a 3% interest rate turned out to be negative. For the economic assessment of
selective felling, it is necessary to continue to describe in detail the development of the stands in
order to obtain the data needed for the analysis
Perspective game census techniques
Get PDFBakalaureusetöö
Metsanduse õppekavalUlukite majandamine vajab järjepidavat seiret, et neid ratsionaalselt majandada. Loenduse
eesmärgiks on saada teada ulukite arvukus või selle muutuse suuna, kuid ka ulukiliikide
populatsioonide struktuuri ja juurdekasvu kindlaks tegemist. Käesoleva lõputöö
eesmärgiks on anda ülevaade loendusmeetoditest ja välja selgitada, milline loendusmeetod
on siinsetes oludes kõige efektiivsem, odavam, usaldusväärsemad ja kõige vähem
aeganõudev.
Töö koostamiseks kasutati mitmeid kirjanduslikke allikaid: raamatuid, ajakirjaartikkleid
ning teadusartikkleid, milles leiduvate andmete põhjal analüüsiti teemat ja tehti sobivad
järeldused ning soovitused.
Lõputöö tulemusena selgus, et ajuloendus on kõige perspektiivsem meetod hirvlaste
loendamiseks. Ruutloendus sobiks kõige paremini väikeulukite loendusmeetodiks ning
DNA-põhine meetod haruldaste loomade ja karnivooride loendamiseks.Wildlife management requires consistent monitoring to manage them rationally. The
purpose of the census is to find out the number of game density or the direction of change,
but also to determine the structure and increment of populations of game species. The aim
of this thesis is to give an overview of the census methods and to find out which census
method is most effective, cheapest, most reliable and least time-consuming.
Several literary sources were used to compile the work: books, articles and scientific
articles, on the basis of which the topic was analyzed and appropriate conclusions and
recommendations were made.
As a result of the bachelor thesis, it was found that driven count is the most promising
method for counting cervids. The winter line transect census would be best suited for small
mammals counting and the DNA-based method for counting rare animals and carnivores
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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