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    Pulvinaria araliae Shinji 1935

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    Pulvinaria araliae Shinji, 1935 (Fig. 1) Pulvinaria araliae Shinji, 1935: 771; Ben-Dov, 1993: 250. Material examined. Neotype (here designated) JAPAN: Iwate Prefecture, Morioka, Kouma, on Eleutherococcus spinosus, 13.v.2003, coll. H. Tanaka, 1 adult female (EUMJ). Redescription. Live appearance: adult female elongate oval, fairly flat. Dorsum greenish yellow to green, with no visible wax before oviposition period. Slide-mounted adult female (n=1): body elongate oval, about 2.7 mm long and 2.0 mm wide, margin with shallow indentation at each stigmatic cleft; anal cleft about 1/5–1/6 body length. Dorsum. Derm membranous, dermal areolations lacking. Dorsal setae spiniform, frequent, scattered over entire dorsum, each 7–11 µm long with a well-developed basal socket. Preopercular pores oval to circular, small, each about 2–4 µm wide, 45 distributed in a longitudinal band anterior to anal plates. Dorsal tubular ducts and microducts frequent throughout. Dorsal tubercles absent.Anal plates together quadrate, each plate 162–164 µm long, 72–74 µm wide, with a well-developed supporting bar, posterolateral margin slightly convex, and 4 apical setae. Ano-genital fold with 2 pairs of setae along anterior margin and 2 pairs laterally. Anal ring bearing 6 setae. Eyespots present near margin. Margin. Marginal setae each with a well-developed basal socket and simple pointed apex, 20–64 µm long, each side with 13–14 setae present between anterior and posterior stigmatic clefts. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with 3 stigmatic spines, median spine longest, 84–89 µm long, about 2–4 times as long as a lateral spine. Venter. Derm membranous. Multilocular pores each about 5–8 µm wide, with 5–8 loculi (mostly 7) present around genital opening and on medial areas of all abdominal segments; a small group also present lateral to each meso- and metacoxa. Spiracular pores each 3–5 µm wide, with mainly 5 loculi, present in rather broad bands (3–7 pores wide) between margin and each spiracle; anterior bands each containing about 70 pores, posterior bands each with about 80 pores. Microducts scattered throughout venter, but most frequent on outer submarginal area. Tubular ducts of 3 types: type I with a large outer ductule and a stout inner ductule ending with a well-developed flowershaped terminal gland, present in posterior medial area of head, medial area of all thoracic segments and anterior abdominal segments and also in inner submarginal area extending from region near anterior abdominal segments to prothoracic segments; type II tubular ducts each with a rather small outer ductule and a shallow cup-shaped invagination, leading to a narrower inner ductule with a well-developed terminal gland, mostly distributed in medial area of posterior abdominal segments and inner submarginal area of abdominal segments; and type III ducts similar to type II but with a short filamentous inner ductule and a very small terminal gland, present in submarginal band and forming a complete submarginal ring, including anterior to antennae, and intermixing with type I and type II ducts in inner submarginal area. All abdominal and thoracic segments each with 1 (occasionally 2) pair of long ventral setae, present on medial area. With approximately 5 pairs of long setae present between antennae; other setae short and fine, distributed over entire venter. Spiracles normal; peritreme widths: anterior 64–69 µm, posterior 79–81 µm. Legs well developed, each with a completely articulated tibio-tarsal joint and an articulatory sclerosis; claw without a denticle; both claw digitules rather broad and slightly shorter than thin tarsal digitules. Hind trochanter + femur 376–382 µm long, hind tibia 249–258 µm long, and hind tarsus 119–124 µm long. Antennae 8 segmented, each 509–517 µm long. Labium about 70 µm long, 110 µm wide. Host plants. Araliaceae: Aralia chinensis (Shinji 1935) and Eleutherococcus spinosus (Shinji 1935, as Acanthopanax spinosum). Distribution. Japan: Iwate Prefecture (Shinji 1935). Remarks. Pulvinaria araliae resembles P. nipponica Lindinger, 1933, P. kuwacola Kuwana, 1907, and P. photiniae Kuwana, 1914, in the distribution of type III ventral tubular ducts, the number of loculi in the multilocular pores, and in lacking dorsal tubercles. However, it can be easily distinguished from the above species in having well-developed ventral setae on all the thoracic and abdominal segments, and in lacking dermal areolations on the dorsum. Important diagnostic morphological character states of this species and a comparison between them and those of the type species of the genus, P. vitis (Linnaeus, 1758), are summarized in Table 1. The author of this species, Dr. Orihei Shinji (1885–1951) is known as a problematic taxonomist in Japan and it is thought that at least some of his descriptions are unreliable (Aoki 1996). Furthermore, the original description of P. araliae was based on highly variable morphological characters (e.g. live appearance, proportions of the lengths of antennal segments, body length, and ovisac length) that have little taxonomic value. The type specimens of P. araliae have been reported as lost (Ben-Dov 1993) and the author has searched for type specimens of this species for over 10 years in most of the Coccomorpha collections in Japan, but none could be found. It is concluded that all of Dr. Shinji’s type specimens of Pulvinaria spp. have been lost. Therefore, the specimen of P. araliae described here was identified based only on the identity of the host plant (Eleutherococcus spinosus) and the type locality (Iwate Prefecture, Japan). No other Pulvinaria species are known from Eleutherococcus spinosus (García Morales et al. 2016) and the specimen’s morphology is different from all other known Japanese species of Pulvinaria. The author believes that designation of a neotype of this species is necessary because the original description of the species is not informative and its type material has been lost. The specimen used in the redescription above is here designated as the neotype of P. araliae for the purpose of taxonomic stability. Shinji (1935) wrote that the body of the adult female of P. araliae was subspherical and young adult females (or nymphs) showed as numerous black spots. The neotype specimen was flat and did not show any black spots on the surface; however, its microscopic morphology is consistent with the original description. These discrepancies may be due to differences in the age of the specimens; the specimen collected by Shinji (1935) was probably a fully grown old gravid female.Published as part of Tanaka, Hirotaka, 2020, Redescriptions of three species of Pulvinaria (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in Japan, pp. 131-141 in Zootaxa 4779 (1) on pages 132-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4779.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/383165
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    Adiponectin promotes endothelial progenitor cell number and function

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    AbstractObesity-linked diseases are associated with suppressed endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) function. Adiponectin is an adipose-derived protein that is downregulated in obese and diabetic subjects. Here, we investigated the effects of adiponectin on EPCs. EPC levels did not increase in adiponectin deficient (APN-KO) in response to hindlimb ischemia. Adenovirus-mediated delivery of adiponectin increased EPC levels in both WT and APN-KO mice. Incubation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with adiponectin led to an increase of the number of EPCs. Adiponectin induced EPC differentiation into network structures and served as a chemoattractant in EPC migration assays. These data suggest that hypoadiponectinemia may contribute to the depression of EPC levels that are observed in patients with obesity-related cardiovascular disorders
    Elsevier - Publisher Connector
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    Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salerno

    ESPnet2 pretrained model, Shinji Watanabe/gigaspeech_asr_train_asr_raw_en_bpe5000_valid.acc.ave, fs=16k, lang=en

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    This model was trained by Shinji Watanabe using gigaspeech recipe in espnet. Python API See https://github.com/espnet/espnet_model_zoo Evaluate in the recipe git clone https://github.com/espnet/espnet cd espnet git checkout dcb5bdb2ffa34a9f44255c0b073759c5b9b3f86e pip install -e . cd egs2/gigaspeech/asr1 ./run.sh --skip_data_prep false --skip_train true --download_model Shinji Watanabe/gigaspeech_asr_train_asr_raw_en_bpe5000_valid.acc.ave Results # RESULTS ## Environments - date: `Tue Mar 23 10:03:49 EDT 2021` - python version: `3.8.5 (default, Sep 4 2020, 07:30:14) [GCC 7.3.0]` - espnet version: `espnet 0.9.8` - pytorch version: `pytorch 1.7.1` - Git hash: `dcb5bdb2ffa34a9f44255c0b073759c5b9b3f86e` - Commit date: `Sat Mar 13 10:16:16 2021 -0500` ## asr_train_asr_raw_en_bpe5000 ### WER |dataset|Snt|Wrd|Corr|Sub|Del|Ins|Err|S.Err| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/dev|2043|51075|92.9|4.5|2.6|2.1|9.2|65.6| |decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/test|9627|175116|90.5|7.0|2.5|6.1|15.6|69.3| ### CER |dataset|Snt|Wrd|Corr|Sub|Del|Ins|Err|S.Err| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/dev|2043|271188|97.5|0.9|1.6|1.7|4.2|65.6| |decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/test|9627|909930|96.5|1.6|1.9|5.6|9.0|69.3| ### TER |dataset|Snt|Wrd|Corr|Sub|Del|Ins|Err|S.Err| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/dev|2043|63598|93.3|3.9|2.8|2.1|8.8|65.6| |decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/test|9627|218851|90.8|6.1|3.1|7.0|16.2|69.3| ASR config config: conf/train_asr.yaml print_config: false log_level: INFO dry_run: false iterator_type: sequence output_dir: exp/asr_train_asr_raw_en_bpe5000 ngpu: 1 seed: 0 num_workers: 1 num_att_plot: 3 dist_backend: nccl dist_init_method: env:// dist_world_size: 4 dist_rank: 0 local_rank: 0 dist_master_addr: localhost dist_master_port: 37831 dist_launcher: null multiprocessing_distributed: true unused_parameters: false sharded_ddp: false cudnn_enabled: true cudnn_benchmark: false cudnn_deterministic: true collect_stats: false write_collected_feats: false max_epoch: 20 patience: null val_scheduler_criterion: - valid - loss early_stopping_criterion: - valid - loss - min best_model_criterion: - - valid - acc - max keep_nbest_models: 10 grad_clip: 5.0 grad_clip_type: 2.0 grad_noise: false accum_grad: 4 no_forward_run: false resume: true train_dtype: float32 use_amp: false log_interval: null use_tensorboard: true use_wandb: false wandb_project: null wandb_id: null detect_anomaly: false pretrain_path: null init_param: [] freeze_param: [] num_iters_per_epoch: null batch_size: 20 valid_batch_size: null batch_bins: 35000000 valid_batch_bins: null train_shape_file: - exp/asr_stats_raw_en_bpe5000/train/speech_shape - exp/asr_stats_raw_en_bpe5000/train/text_shape.bpe valid_shape_file: - exp/asr_stats_raw_en_bpe5000/valid/speech_shape - exp/asr_stats_raw_en_bpe5000/valid/text_shape.bpe batch_type: numel valid_batch_type: null fold_length: - 80000 - 150 sort_in_batch: descending sort_batch: descending multiple_iterator: false chunk_length: 500 chunk_shift_ratio: 0.5 num_cache_chunks: 1024 train_data_path_and_name_and_type: - - dump/raw/train/wav.scp - speech - kaldi_ark - - dump/raw/train/text - text - text valid_data_path_and_name_and_type: - - dump/raw/dev/wav.scp - speech - kaldi_ark - - dump/raw/dev/text - text - text allow_variable_data_keys: false max_cache_size: 0.0 max_cache_fd: 32 valid_max_cache_size: null optim: adam optim_conf: lr: 0.0015 scheduler: warmuplr scheduler_conf: warmup_steps: 25000 token_list: - - - S - ▁THE - ▁TO - ▁OF - ▁A - ▁AND - '''' - ▁THAT - ▁IN - ▁YOU - ▁I - ▁IT - T - ▁IS - ▁WAS - ED - ▁WE - ▁FOR - ING - ▁THIS - D - ▁ON - ▁BE - ▁WITH - ▁HAVE - ▁SO - ▁HE - RE - ▁THEY - ▁ARE - ▁NOT - ▁AS - ▁LIKE - ▁AT - ▁KNOW - ▁WHAT - LY - ▁CAN - ▁DO - ▁ABOUT - ▁ALL - ▁HIS - M - ▁HAD - '-' - ▁ONE - ▁OR - ▁FROM - ▁THERE - ▁ME - ▁MY - ▁BUT - ▁JUST - ▁YOUR - ▁AN - ▁BY - Y - ▁IF - ▁OUT - ▁PEOPLE - ▁UP - ▁HER - ER - ▁WERE - ▁THINK - E - N - ▁WOULD - ▁SHE - ▁THEIR - ▁WHO - ▁MORE - ▁OUR - ▁THEM - ▁WHEN - ▁WHICH - ▁VERY - ▁WILL - ▁SOME - ▁TIME - ▁BEEN - R - ▁GET - ▁HAS - ▁GOING - ▁HIM - VE - ▁REALLY - ▁HOW - ▁DON - ▁NO - ▁THEN - LL - ▁GO - ▁BECAUSE - ▁NOW - AL - ▁INTO - ▁THESE - ▁OTHER - ▁RIGHT - ▁SEE - ▁SAID - ▁HERE - ▁WAY - ▁TWO - ▁US - ▁WANT - ▁COULD - ▁S - ▁SAY - ▁OVER - ▁AH - ES - ▁WHERE - ▁BACK - ▁ALSO - ▁THOSE - ▁THINGS - ▁MAKE - ▁KIND - ▁MUCH - IN - ▁WELL - ▁GOOD - ▁DID - L - ▁FIRST - ▁THAN - ▁LITTLE - ▁RE - C - ▁NEW - ▁WORK - ▁ANY - A - P - ▁LOT - ▁DOWN - ▁SOMETHING - ▁THING - OR - LE - ▁MAN - ▁GOT - B - ▁COME - ▁ONLY - G - ▁BEING - ▁ACTUALLY - ▁LOOK - O - ▁TAKE - ▁EVEN - ▁NEED - ▁THROUGH - W - ▁GREAT - ▁WORLD - ▁MANY - ▁SHOULD - ▁YEARS - ATION - ▁UM - ▁MOST - ▁DAY - ▁YEAH - ▁LIFE - ▁BEFORE - ▁THREE - ▁UN - ION - ▁DIFFERENT - ▁DE - ▁MIGHT - ▁LET - ▁MADE - ▁MEAN - ▁PART - IC - ▁AGAIN - TH - ▁AFTER - ▁OWN - ▁USE - ITY - ABLE - ▁LONG - ▁STILL - ▁MAY - F - ▁OFF - ▁NEVER - ▁PUT - ▁C - ▁SAME - ▁EVERY - CH - AN - 'ON' - ERS - I - ▁POINT - RO - ▁TOO - ▁DOING - ▁LAST - RI - ▁AROUND - K - ▁CAME - ▁SORT - H - AR - ▁LOVE - MENT - IVE - ▁FIND - ▁WHY - ▁TALK - ▁FIVE - IL - ▁TELL - LA - ▁END - LI - ▁AM - ▁THOUGHT - NESS - ▁PLACE - ▁YEAR - ▁E - ▁ALWAYS - ▁SHOW - ▁GIVE - ▁DIDN - ▁FEEL - Z - ▁OLD - UR - DE - ▁ANOTHER - ▁SUCH - U - ▁QUESTION - RA - TER - ▁WENT - ▁DOES - ▁HELP - IT - ▁HOME - ▁HUNDRED - ▁NEXT - ▁START - ▁COURSE - ▁UNDER - EN - NE - EL - ▁BIT - ▁FOUND - ▁FOUR - ▁CALLED - ▁DONE - ▁AWAY - ▁THOUSAND - ▁BIG - ▁SURE - ▁O - ▁PERSON - ▁TWENTY - ▁BETTER - CK - ▁CO - CE - ▁HOUSE - US - MA - ▁FACT - ▁GONNA - UL - ▁HEAD - ▁DIS - ▁MEN - ▁HAND - ▁P - ▁ABLE - NA - ▁TEN - ▁IMPORTANT - ▁MUST - ▁NAME - ▁TODAY - ▁FEW - ▁CAR - ▁EACH - ▁STATE - RY - ▁SIDE - ENT - ▁MIND - EST - ▁CALL - ATE - MAN - TA - ▁BETWEEN - ▁EVER - ▁SCHOOL - ▁BOTH - ▁MONEY - ▁UPON - ▁REAL - ▁WHOLE - ▁MOMENT - IA - ▁NUMBER - IST - ET - X - ▁DATA - ▁HIGH - ▁GOD - ▁F - ▁BOOK - ▁BEST - ▁SET - ▁PO - ▁HAVING - GE - ▁WITHOUT - ▁KEEP - ▁LOOKING - ▁CHANGE - OL - ▁SECOND - ▁LA - ▁FACE - ▁CASE - ▁FAR - ▁HUMAN - IES - ▁HARD - TE - ▁PRO - ▁LEFT - ▁TOGETHER - _ - ▁SYSTEM - ▁PUBLIC - ▁MR - ▁IDEA - ▁ONCE - ▁ANYTHING - ID - TED - ▁USED - ▁B - ▁ENOUGH - ▁WAR - SH - ▁EXAMPLE - ▁STORY - ▁DOESN - ▁LIVE - ▁TALKING - ARY - ▁QUITE - ▁AGAINST - ▁NIGHT - ▁POWER - ▁UNDERSTAND - ▁CON - '000' - ▁MAYBE - ▁BELIEVE - ▁COUNTRY - ▁GETTING - ▁YOUNG - ▁BO - ▁TRYING - ▁OPEN - ▁THANK - ▁MO - VER - TO - CO - ▁WHILE - ▁SAW - ▁SIX - ▁CARE - LO - LING - ▁G - TIC - ▁K - ▁SAYS - ▁ST - ▁HIMSELF - ▁WEEK - ▁EVERYTHING - ▁ROOM - AT - LESS - ▁WATER - INE - ▁D - IS - ▁NOTHING - ▁LIGHT - ▁TOOK - IAN - ▁READ - ▁MA - ▁SENSE - IR - ▁STARTED - ▁COMING - ▁SUPPORT - ▁WHITE - ▁RO - ▁BUSINESS - ▁PROBABLY - FUL - ▁ORDER - ▁FAMILY - ▁PRETTY - ▁SAYING - ▁SEEN - ▁BLACK - ▁TOLD - ▁PROCESS - ▁PER - TON - TING - ▁TRY - ▁THOUGH - ▁HEAR - ▁WANTED - TI - ▁MATTER - ▁HOPE - ▁WORKING - ▁ASK - ▁GOVERNMENT - ▁BA - ▁EX - ▁PRE - ▁HEARD - IE - ▁EXPERIENCE - ATED - ME - ▁HEART - ISM - KE - ▁NA - ANT - ▁MAKING - ▁ALREADY - ▁EN - MO - ▁PROBLEM - ▁SMALL - ▁YET - ▁RUN - 'NO' - ▁REMEMBER - OUS - ▁LI - ▁PERCENT - ▁INFORMATION - ▁WORD - ▁CHILDREN - ▁REASON - ▁OFTEN - ▁KNEW - ▁EYES - ▁ALMOST - ▁YES - ▁ELSE - ▁ASKED - ▁LESS - ▁STUFF - ▁HEALTH - ▁RA - PH - ▁U - HO - AS - ▁CITY - IM - ANCE - ▁PLAY - ▁COMMUNITY - ▁WOMEN - TY - ▁FATHER - ▁VI - ATING - ▁DAYS - ▁LOOKED - ▁ANSWER - ▁FREE - ▁MEANS - CI - SON - ▁PRESIDENT - ▁OH - UM - ▁BAD - LED - ISH - PE - UND - NT - NG - ▁WHETHER - OP - ▁FORM - AGE - ▁LEVEL - BE - ▁MYSELF - ▁SEVEN - ▁THIRTY - ▁DOOR - ▁LAW - ▁HALF - ▁BECOME - ▁SOMEONE - ▁SOCIAL - ▁MOTHER - ▁BRING - UP - IAL - ▁DU - PO - ▁LAND - ▁QUESTIONS - ▁WORDS - ▁EIGHT - ▁HO - ▁SHALL - ▁AGO - ▁COM - ▁DR - ▁SINCE - ▁TRUE - ▁BODY - ▁LEAST - ▁ACROSS - ▁LINE - ▁WITHIN - ▁MOVE - ▁INTERESTING - ▁LARGE - ▁FELT - HA - ▁LE - ▁SP - ▁TIMES - ▁CA - ▁USING - ▁T - ▁HAPPENED - ▁WOMAN - ▁LATER - ENCE - ▁STATES - ▁FULL - ▁DA - MB - MIN - ▁VOICE - UN - ▁STUDENTS - BER - ▁COMPANY - ▁VIEW - ▁THINKING - ▁VIDEO - ▁TURN - ▁IMP - ▁LEAVE - ▁PAST - ▁MAR - ▁HISTORY - ▁FRIEND - ▁DOLLARS - ▁OKAY - NI - ▁JOB - ▁SHORT - ▁PAGE - ▁COMES - DO - ▁FIRE - ▁TEAM - ▁REST - ▁DI - ▁GROUP - ▁CERTAIN - ▁UNTIL - ▁AIR - BO - ▁ACT - ▁COURT - ▁RESEARCH - ▁SPACE - ▁BUILDING - ▁AMERICAN - OT - ▁BRAIN - ▁GAME - ▁APP - ▁STA - AM - MI - ▁ALONG - ▁SE - ▁BAR - RING - VI - ▁DEATH - ▁HAPPEN - ▁DEAL - ▁CLOSE - ▁DURING - ▁STRONG - ▁CHILD - ▁WON - ▁MORNING - ▁SOON - ▁GENERAL - ▁THEMSELVES - ▁PLAN - ▁CAUSE - ▁SCIENCE - ▁NE - ▁PRESENT - ▁ART - ▁EM - ▁FIGURE - LAND - ▁REPORT - ▁W - ▁FUTURE - ▁POSSIBLE - ▁POST - ▁SOMETIMES - ▁MU - ▁FIFTY - ▁SHA - V - VA - MP - DA - ▁PROGRAM - ▁YOURSELF - WAY - ▁MILLION - ARD - ▁CLEAR - FF - ▁GAVE - ▁GOES - ▁RATHER - ▁STAY - ▁EARLY - ▁MISS - ▁JU - DI - ▁LEARN - ▁RED - ▁COUPLE - NY - ▁TOP - ▁GIVEN - ▁FRIENDS - ▁FRONT - ▁CONVERSATION - ▁PAY - MON - '1' - ▁EVERYONE - ▁CREATE - ▁SPEAK - ▁HI - ▁FOOD - ▁CONTROL - FI - ▁TEST - ▁TERMS - ▁BEHIND - ▁WASN - ▁GUYS - ▁WHATEVER - ▁FEELING - ▁LANGUAGE - ▁BASICALLY - RU - GG - ▁PARTICULAR - ▁HA - ▁MUSIC - ▁SOUND - ▁BREAK - ▁TAKING - CON - RAN - ▁VALUE - ▁WRONG - ▁STAR - ▁BUILD - BI - ▁GONE - ▁BOARD - DY - ▁WRITE - ▁EITHER - ▁SEEMED - ▁KING - ▁TURNED - ▁SA - ALLY - '2' - '9' - NCE - ▁LO - ▁FORWARD - BU - ▁TAKEN - ▁UNIVERSITY - CA - ▁EVERYBODY - PA - LINE - ▁STOP - ▁ITSELF - ▁BROUGHT - ▁MAKES - ▁HANDS - ▁GUESS - IZED - ▁AGE - ▁SERVICE - ▁WAYS - ▁NINE - ▁BEGAN - ▁HU - ▁GRA - ▁FEAR - ▁NATIONAL - PER - ▁SELF - ▁EXACTLY - ▁TI - DING - GO - ▁TABLE - ▁SOMEBODY - ▁LIVING - HE - ▁BECAME - ▁RU - ▁SINGLE - ▁VA - ▁COMP - ▁SIGN - ▁FALL - LIC - ▁SEA - ▁GIRL - ▁UNITED - IG - ▁KIDS - '3' - ITIES - ▁M - ▁STUDY - ▁FORTY - ▁CHECK - ▁ADD - PI - ▁COMMON - ▁PI - PED - RS - ▁TRUMP - ▁GUY - ▁JE - ▁SUB - ▁HIT - ▁SUPER - BA - ▁SEEMS - ▁ISN - ▁AL - ▁ALLOW - ISE - ▁POLITICAL - ▁PROJECT - ▁SEND - ▁INTEREST - ▁SHARE - ▁JOHN - ▁NEAR - ▁VE - ▁MARKET - ▁CERTAINLY - ▁ISSUE - ▁CLA - ▁LOW - ▁WISH - ▁COST - AD - ▁KNOWN - CU - ▁MONTHS - ▁SOUTH - ▁NICE - ▁RECORD - ▁TA - WA - ▁LU - END - ▁SUN - AK - ▁SON - ▁STAND - '7' - ▁KEY - ▁V - LU - ▁RI - GRA - ▁GA - ▁BOY - ▁GROUND - ▁EASY - ▁ACCOUNT - ▁HAPPY - '8' - ▁OFFICE - ▁CLASS - URE - ▁HOLD - TOR - OS - '6' - ▁CUT - ▁MODEL - ▁CHURCH - '4' - ▁MEDIA - BB - ▁EARTH - ▁STREET - IOUS - ▁LISTEN - ▁PA - ▁LIVES - ▁CANNOT - ▁FE - ▁LOST - ▁BUY - ▁STEP - LIN - OM - UT - LES - ▁PAPER - ▁FIELD - ▁BEAUTIFUL - ▁SPECIAL - VING - SHIP - ▁ACTION - '5' - ▁DEEP - ▁AREA - ▁MINUTES - ▁NATURE - NER - ▁EDUCATION - ▁YORK - KING - ▁SITUATION - ▁WALL - ▁DIFFICULT - OW - QUI - ▁BI - ▁PLEASE - ▁AMONG - ▁POSITION - ▁WATCH - ▁JA - ▁MRS - ▁TYPE - AC - ▁SLEEP - ▁DIFFERENCE - TEN - ▁HOURS - ▁DEAD - ▁RELATIONSHIP - ▁FOLLOW - ▁POOR - ▁DOCTOR - ▁SENT - ▁TALKED - ▁RISK - ▁PERHAPS - TIME - ▁LEARNING - ▁MET - ▁OUTSIDE - ▁CONTENT - ▁LIST - ▁READY - ▁WALK - VO - ▁ROUND - ATIONS - ▁SIMPLE - ▁CHA - ▁WA - ▁SEVERAL - RN - ▁SIR - ▁LORD - IZE - ▁TRUTH - ▁HOUR - ▁AMERICA - ▁CONS - ▁FINE - ITE - ▁WAIT - ▁MIDDLE - OUR - ▁HAPPENS - AP - GA - ▁HUGE - ▁SEEM - ▁COLLEGE - ▁AMOUNT - ▁CONTINUE - ▁ACCESS - ▁ARM - ▁LEAD - ▁LONGER - ▁NEWS - ▁PASS - ▁COULDN - ▁APPROACH - ▁R - ▁ROAD - ▁WRITING - ▁ATTENTION - ▁INSIDE - ENS - ▁PRODUCT - LER - ▁TECHNOLOGY - ▁RETURN - WARD - ▁MAIN - ▁VISIT - ▁ALONE - ▁KA - ▁BROTHER - ▁PARTY - ▁SU - ▁PIECE - BY - ▁LINK - DER - ▁SHIP - UD - ▁WIFE - '0' - THER - ▁OTHERS - ▁PRACTICE - IFY - ICAL - PING - ▁MEETING - RON - ▁TOWN - ▁DESIGN - ▁CHARACTER - ▁BLOOD - ▁RUNNING - ▁CHE - ▁PROVIDE - ▁TH - ▁MEET - ▁COOL - ▁LOCAL - ▁CHANCE - ▁BASED - STER - IONS - ▁THIRD - ▁SAFE - ▁FA - ▁FEET - FA - ▁VOTE - CING - ECT - ▁ENERGY - ▁NORTH - ▁TOWARDS - ▁GREEN - ▁PERIOD - TION - ▁HAPPENING - NING - CY - ILE - ▁SOCIETY - ▁LATE - ATOR - ▁DARK - ▁WOULDN - ▁L - ▁POLICE - ▁CENTER - ▁SUBJECT - ▁TRIED - ▁SEEING - ▁QUICKLY - ▁TU - ▁FOCUS - ▁BILL - ▁TRUST - ▁CHALLENGE - ▁SAT - ▁WINDOW - PP - ▁MARK - ▁NOR - ▁EPISODE - ▁FAST - ▁BRI - ▁TRA - HI - ▁EL - ▁SOURCE - LEY - ▁WORKED - ▁ISSUES - ▁IMAGE - ▁HERSELF - ▁HAR - RK - ▁ADDRESS - ▁COMPANIES - ▁TRI - UGH - ▁COLOR - ▁PE - ▁TOUCH - ▁PARENTS - RIC - ▁RATE - ▁PEN - ▁HOWEVER - SIDE - CC - ▁CONSIDER - ▁SAN - IFIED - ▁CODE - CHE - ▁EVIDENCE - ▁WONDER - TLE - ▁MASTER - ▁MONTH - ▁WORTH - ▁EAT - ▁SEARCH - ▁INTER - UNT - EP - ▁RESPECT - ▁ESPECIALLY - ▁RAN - ATIVE - ▁BEGIN - ▁WROTE - ▁DOG - ▁FUN - ▁DREAM - ABILITY - ▁FAIR - ▁LADY - ▁WORKS - ▁HAVEN - ▁CULTURE - ▁WI - ▁PICK - ▁AUSTRALIA - ▁MIS - ▁SIT - ▁IMAGINE - GU - ▁CLICK - ▁ATTACK - ▁OPPORTUNITY - ▁EYE - ▁STE - ▁DEN - ▁DEVELOPMENT - ▁FACEBOOK - ▁OFFER - ▁BANK - ▁NINETEEN - ▁PERSONAL - ▁APPLICATION - ▁ABSOLUTELY - ▁EFFECT - ▁DEAR - ▁BREATH - ▁NI - ▁OBJECT - ▁GRI - ▁REACH - ▁STOOD - ▁PHONE - ▁MACHINE - ▁WO - ▁SIXTY - ▁FIT - ▁PROBLEMS - ▁BOOKS - ▁SIMPLY - ▁FURTHER - ▁CHANGED - SET - ▁BUILT - ▁BEGINNING - ▁LAY - ▁COVER - ▁MOVEMENT - ▁KILL - ▁INSTEAD - ▁GU - GEN - ▁WOOD - ▁IMPACT - ▁RESULT - ▁LETTER - CL - ▁MEMBERS - ▁FI - ▁N - ▁CAP - ▁ENTIRE - MENTS - ▁COMPLETELY - ▁DOUBT - ▁ENGLISH - ▁SOFTWARE - MEN - ▁STORIES - ▁NATION - ▁FOOT - ▁POLICY - GER - ▁LEARNED - ▁CENTURY - ▁FIGHT - ▁TRANS - ▁FLOW - ▁PASSED - ▁MESSAGE - ▁INDIVIDUAL - ▁FIFTEEN - ▁TRAVEL - ▁CROSS - ▁REMAIN - ▁WIN - ▁PAIN - RIES - ▁ROCK - ▁BU - AIN - CTION - ▁PURPOSE - VAL - ▁SUCCESS - ▁AB - ▁WELCOME - ONE - ▁WRITTEN - ▁NON - ▁PICTURE - ▁KEPT - SA - ▁LOOKS - VEN - ▁TROUBLE - ▁EFFORT - ▁NEEDS - ▁HORSE - GING - ANG - LAR - ACH - ▁KNOWLEDGE - ▁MAJOR - IP - ▁FUNCTION - ▁PODCAST - NED - ▁ROLE - ▁MINE - OUT - ▁CIVIL - QUE - ▁AMAZING - USE - WI - ▁MENTIONED - ▁FORCE - ▁SONG - ▁DISEASE - ▁GROW - ▁HELD - ▁HAIR - ▁WEBSITE - ▁AHEAD - ▁PATH - ▁LISTENING - ▁WEEKS - ▁INTERESTED - ▁DIE - TU - ▁MEASURE - ▁NATURAL - ▁STORE - ▁WANNA - ▁TEXT - ▁READING - ▁CLOUD - WE - ▁SERVICES - ▁TERM - ▁INTERVIEW - ▁EXPLAIN - ▁SIMILAR - ▁DECIDED - ▁ABOVE - ▁SUR - ▁CASES - ▁CHAIR - ▁INDEED - ILY - ▁MOVING - ▁BLUE - ▁JO - ▁BEYOND - ▁DECISION - ▁NEEDED - ▁LED - ▁ECONOMIC - ▁SPIRIT - ▁WHOM - ▁SITE - ▁AVAILABLE - ▁NINETY - ▁DEPEND - ▁PERFECT - ▁GIVING - ▁DAUGHTER - ▁PRESS - ▁BOX - OLOGY - IGN - ▁JUSTICE - ▁WATCHING - ▁CLAIM - ▁COUNT - IO - ▁CHARGE - LEN - ▁REGARD - ISTS - ISTIC - ▁PARK - ▁VER - ▁DEPARTMENT - IANS - ▁OK - ▁CUR - ▁WIND - ▁SECRET - ▁EXPECT - ▁OP - ▁OBVIOUSLY - ▁FINALLY - ▁ANYONE - ▁FO - ▁COMMAND - ▁SITTING - ▁PROFESSOR - ▁NETWORK - ▁TRAIN - ▁INVOLVED - ▁REPRESENT - ▁DOCUMENT - ▁ONLINE - ▁MOVIE - ▁MON - ▁PRICE - ▁RIVER - ▁EXIST - ▁WONDERFUL - ▁THANKS - ▁EQUAL - ▁STAFF - ▁TWELVE - ▁PROTECT - ▁QUICK - PL - ▁RACE - ▁INDUSTRY - ▁PAT - ▁COR - ▁PRIVATE - ▁RESPONSE - ▁BRA - ▁EVENING - ▁CHI - ▁WILD - ▁CAT - ▁DEC - ▁ENVIRONMENT - ▁DEF - ▁SPECIFIC - ▁SCREEN - ▁WEST - NU - ▁MATERIAL - ▁PHYSICAL - ▁NORMAL - DIC - ABLY - ▁AUDIENCE - ▁SOUL - ▁ANTI - FT - ▁SEVENTY - ▁REQUIRE - ▁CREATED - ▁STUDENT - ▁FISH - ▁MINUTE - ▁CONCERN - IZATION - ▁COLD - ▁PLACES - ▁WIDE - RAL - ▁SPEND - ▁MAD - ▁DEFINITELY - GED - ▁MENTAL - ▁SAL - ▁CORRECT - ▁RICH - TRO - ▁IDEAS - ▁COUNTRIES - ▁UNDERSTANDING - ▁INCLUDE - ELL - ▁POPULATION - ▁FLU - ▁USUALLY - ▁AGREE - ▁PEACE - ▁FELLOW - ▁STAGE - ▁YE - IBLE - EE - ▁STANDARD - ▁DISC - ▁SPEAKING - ▁CHOICE - ▁HIGHER - ▁PU - ▁CHAR - EM - ▁TRADE - ▁STRANGE - ▁TEND - MED - ▁SPOKE - ▁DAR - ▁NOTE - ▁KID - ▁SAVE - ▁SISTER - EA - ▁JUDGE - ▁ROLL - ▁WHOSE - THE - ▁CLEAN - ITION - ZE - ▁LEG - TURE - ▁DEGREE - ▁GOOGLE - EX - ▁SC - IV - ▁TRACK - ▁JOIN - ▁BEAR - ▁BEN - ▁COMPUTER - ▁HOST - ▁MOVED - ▁EARLIER - ▁DIRECTION - ▁PLANT - ▁FILM - ▁ORIGINAL - ▁GI - ▁DRIVE - ▁LAUGH - ▁LOWER - MIT - ▁MODERN - ▁GE - ▁FOLLOWING - ▁BURN - ▁SORRY - ▁PARTICULARLY - ▁NU - ▁DELIVER - AH - ▁EIGHTY - ▁SUDDENLY - ▁HAT - ▁Z - ▁HOSPITAL - ▁ORGANIZATION - NEY - ▁SPENT - LAN - ▁LIKELY - AG - CTOR - ▁HUSBAND - ▁HY - ▁EMAIL - ▁EAR - FORM - ▁BED - ▁HALL - ▁GUN - ▁ASKING - ▁PUSH - GI - ▁DRESS - ▁CHRISTIAN - ▁BALL - ▁BLA - ▁RULE - ▁DROP - ▁FELL - ASS - ▁GOAL - ▁AUTHOR - ▁REP - IDE - AND - EY - ▁CU - ▁PLATFORM - ▁LIVED - ▁HILL - ▁PULL - ▁LOSE - ▁COMPLETE - ▁SECURITY - ▁PAN - ▁SUPPOSED - ▁OURSELVES - ▁CHANGES - ▁CAMPAIGN - ▁INSTANCE - ▁APPEAR - ▁SELECT - LET - ▁TRAINING - ▁HEARING - FE - ▁ELEMENT - ▁POD - ▁RESOURCES - ▁DRINK - ▁REVIEW - ▁J - ▁OPINION - KA - ▁THEREFORE - ▁TILL - ▁REC - ▁SEAT - ▁ROSE - ▁SIZE - ▁PORT - ▁INFLUENCE - ▁PUTTING - ▁SMILE - ▁ABILITY - ▁CARRY - ▁MOTION - ▁ATTEMPT - ▁INCLUDING - ▁VARIOUS - ▁QUIET - ▁CARD - ▁DIED - ▁CURRENT - ▁FINAL - ▁SHOT - ▁SUCCESSFUL - ▁RECEIVED - AI - DEN - UAL - TAN - ▁BROAD - ▁COUNCIL - ▁TELLING - IFICATION - ▁BRE - ▁PROVE - ▁NOTICE - ▁STRAIGHT - ▁INCREASE - ▁POWERFUL - ▁HOT - TRA - ▁EVENT - ▁SERIES - ▁REGION - IUM - ▁OB - ▁MANNER - ▁CHIEF - ▁ARMY - ▁LEGAL - ▁CONF - ▁GLAD - ▁SPOT - STR - ▁CHOOSE - ▁FAN - ▁FEDERAL - ▁FUND - BLE - ▁FORGET - ▁GOLD - ▁FACTOR - ▁TAX - ▁SCENE - ▁ALLOWED - ▁PAR - ▁MEANT - ▁NUMBERS - ▁DISTRICT - ▁AFRAID - ▁MI - ▁FORTH - ▁FLOOR - ▁PREVENT - ▁DESIRE - ▁ISLAND - ▁DIRECT - ▁EAST - ▁STRENGTH - ▁FRENCH - ▁FILE - ▁BORN - ▁CHINA - UB - ▁GROWING - ▁SCAR - ▁STARTING - ▁AUTO - ▁TRIAL - ▁KE - IZING - ▁ENJOY - ROOM - ▁FINDING - ▁MEMBER - ▁PROGRESS - ▁ANYBODY - ▁MEMORY - ▁BABY - ▁ARGUMENT - ▁GENE - ▁CAPITAL - EG - ▁ANNE - ▁CRIME - GAN - ▁GAR - ▁SPREAD - ▁SOUNDS - ▁TAKES - ▁ACCEPT - CRA - OME - ▁HONOR - ▁PRINCE - ▁DEMAND - ▁GENERATION - ▁BRAND - AU - ▁CAREER - IER - AB - ▁MEDICAL - ▁AREAS - ▁INTERNET - ▁MC - POINT - ▁SIGNIFICANT - ▁POP - ▁NONE - ▁IMMEDIATELY - ▁SUPPOSE - ▁MILITARY - ▁FAITH - ▁TREATMENT - ▁SIGHT - ▁STRUCTURE - ▁FOLKS - ▁AREN - ▁BATTLE - ▁DISCUSSION - DAY - ▁TREAT - ▁RELIGION - ▁SWEET - ▁COOK - ▁ACTUAL - ▁SPEECH - ▁LIE - ▁DAVID - ▁BUNCH - OC - OD - ▁GREW - ▁SHAPE - NDER - PS - ▁RESPOND - ▁PARA - ▁SERIOUS - ▁RECOGNIZE - ▁DAILY - ICE - ▁FORMER - ▁REALITY - ▁BAN - ▁PARTNER - ▁DIRECTOR - ▁CRY - ▁OFFICIAL - ▁STUDIES - ▁GLOBAL - ▁CAMP - ▁BOTTOM - ▁ENGINEER - ▁PLAYING - ▁QUALITY - ▁LOCK - ▁SELL - ▁FLO - ▁STO - ▁VERSION - ▁GROUPS - ▁SOFT - ▁ELECTION - ▁ARMS - ▁COMPLEX - ▁CONGRESS - HER - ▁POSITIVE - ▁LOVED - J - ▁FAMILIES - ▁PROPERTY - ▁TOWARD - RATION - ▁RECENTLY - ▁OCCASION - ▁CANCER - ▁SEPARATE - HAM - ▁MORAL - ▁BELOW - ▁FOLLOWED - ▁FINANCIAL - ▁GETS - ▁RELIGIOUS - ▁STANDING - PRO - ▁CRO - ▁MASS - ▁SCALE - VIS - ▁SLOW - ▁RID - ▁WEB - ▁BASE - ▁BLOCK - ▁PAID - ▁SUMMER - ▁GRANT - ▁QUI - CHES - ▁INTERNATIONAL - ▁DISCUSS - ▁COL - ▁METHOD - CENT - ▁RADIO - ▁CONNECTION - ▁THROW - ▁REASONS - ▁ECONOMY - ▁THY - ▁SEX - ▁REACHED - ▁MOUNTAIN - ▁INSTITUTION - ▁SAD - ▁SCHOOLS - ▁PREVIOUS - ▁ENTER - ▁EIGHTEEN - ▁SCO - ▁SOLUTION - ▁TOOLS - ▁EXCITED - ▁MAP - ▁CRU - ▁EXPRESS - ▁BROWN - ▁SYSTEMS - KIN - ▁MOR - ▁VISION - ▁EXPERT - ▁ARTIST - ▁STONE - ▁GRAND - ▁SICK - ▁TRO - ▁ENGINEERING - ▁EVENTS - ▁LITERALLY - ▁ATTEND - ▁SMART - RIE - ▁ADDED - ▁FAT - ANTS - ▁NECESSARY - ▁PRINT - ▁SEASON - ▁POPULAR - ▁EXPERIMENT - ▁RESULTS - ▁CONCEPT - RATE - ▁FOUNDATION - ▁ER - ▁X - ▁BACKGROUND - ▁MOM - ▁RISE - ▁WORSE - ▁DEBATE - ▁CORNER - ▁SIM - ▁TREE - ▁ZERO - ▁DISTANCE - ▁MISTAKE - ▁WARM - ▁HUM - ▁SUM - ACT - BOARD - ▁JOY - EV - ▁PLA - ▁NECESSARILY - QU - ▁QUA - ▁STATEMENT - ▁FRA - ▁JUMP - ▁REQUEST - ▁PETER - ▁DATE - ISED - ▁CHO - ▁ANSWERED - ▁PERFORM - ▁ESSENTIALLY - ▁TEACH - ▁CONNECT - ▁THROUGHOUT - ▁BRIEF - ▁STREAM - OLD - ▁STRA - ▁DAD - ▁SHOWS - ▁WAITING - CAR - ▁STICK - ▁YA - PRESS - ▁QUOTE - ▁THOU - ▁HANG - ▁MIX - ROW - ▁MILES - ▁OPENED - ▁HEY - ▁HATE - ▁MEANING - MY - ▁DRAW - ▁STOPPED - ▁CONDITION - ▁GAIN - ▁EXTRA - ADE - ▁RETURNED - ▁SHUT - ▁CLEARLY - ▁CELL - ▁PLANET - ▁CAPTAIN - ▁SHOP - ▁BRIGHT - ▁CONTINUED - MOR - ▁ARTICLE - ▁LOG - ENCY - UTE - ▁CHANNEL - ▁MOUTH - ▁NOBODY - ▁MID - ▁NEARLY - ▁ELEVEN - ▁RANGE - ▁SLIDE - ▁LOSS - ▁PLEASURE - ▁SPI - KI - ▁FAVORITE - ▁INDIAN - ▁CRIED - ▁DIRECTLY - ▁GATHER - ▁GARDEN - ▁ELECT - ▁CREDIT - ▁ARCH - ▁AWARE - ▁PERSPECTIVE - ▁BRITISH - ▁EUROPE - IF - ▁WAVE - ▁POLITICS - ▁HURT - ▁SHI - ▁HEAVY - ▁KILLED - ▁ROMAN - ▁SHOWED - ▁REGULAR - PORT - ▁COMMENT - NC - ▁EDGE - ENED - ▁ADVANTAGE - ▁TOTALLY - ▁FRANK - FOR - ▁COLLECT - ▁MURDER - ▁OPERATION - ▁LIMIT - ▁HUNT - ▁REALIZE - ▁BOAT - ▁HABIT - ▁GIRLS - ▁REV - ▁GUARD - ▁SPEED - ▁WRITER - ▁DEVICE - HU - LIT - ▁STATION - TIES - ▁CAUGHT - FO - ▁CITIZEN - ▁SUGGEST - ▁CATCH - ▁EASILY - ▁PATIENTS - ▁SHIFT - ▁THEORY - ▁LABOR - '01' - ▁GRO - ▁SPIRITUAL - ▁SPRING - ▁ORGAN - ▁CENTRAL - ▁CRAZY - ▁COUNTY - ▁TARGET - ▁CAL - ▁COMMITTEE - ▁CONSIDERED - ▁LIFT - PART - ▁IMPROVE - ▁WASHINGTON - ▁WALKED - ▁TE - ▁WORRY - ATH - ▁SI - ▁CI - ▁BEAT - ▁PROFESSIONAL - ▁BUR - WIN - ▁COMMUNITIES - ▁NATIVE - ▁DUE - ▁BROKEN - ▁SUIT - ▁GAS - ▁SETTING - ▁CONDUCT - ▁MARCH - KER - ICALLY - ▁ANYWAY - ▁ENGLAND - ▁PERFORMANCE - ▁BENEFIT - ▁GENERALLY - ▁TOPIC - ▁GIVES - ▁BIGGEST - ▁DESCRIBE - ▁MIN - ▁FINGER - ▁HARM - ▁CROWD - TERN - ▁SAFETY - ▁REPUBLICAN - ▁THREAT - ▁STRESS - ▁HELPED - JA - ▁CONTACT - ▁SERVE - ▁RAISED - ▁PATIENT - ▁CONTEXT - COM - ▁TASK - ▁MATCH - ▁HEAVEN - ▁DECIDE - ▁BASIC - ▁SLOWLY - ▁WILLING - ▁VO - ▁TITLE - ▁PLAIN - ▁PRINCIPLE - ▁RECEIVE - ▁MINISTER - ▁APPRECIATE - ▁QUE - ▁BLE - ▁USEFUL - ▁PRODUCTION - MER - ▁REMIND - ▁SKY - ▁CONTRACT - ▁THUS - ▁ITEM - ▁DOT - ▁STRUGGLE - ▁UNIT - INS - ▁PIN - BEL - ▁NAMED - GAR - ▁MARRIED - ▁JOURNEY - ▁DEV - AV - ZA - POSE - ▁WEIGHT - ▁BUTTON - LIGHT - CHED - ▁TERRIBLE - ▁FRESH - HAN - ▁GLASS - ▁WEAK - ▁RECOMMEND - AY - ▁BLOW - ▁COP - FULLY - JU - ▁MARY - ▁CLIENT - ▁ENCOURAGE - ▁ED - ▁VAN - ▁ASPECT - ▁GREATER - ▁JACK - ▁REPLIED - ▁INSTANT - LIKE - ▁SAM - XI - ▁LY - ▁BILLION - ▁PRESSURE - ▁AFTERNOON - ▁LINES - ▁GROWTH - ▁ACCORDING - ▁MAG - ▁SOMEWHERE - ▁LONDON - ▁EXERCISE - ▁FER - ▁CAST - ▁ANIMALS - ▁BECOMES - ▁DINNER - MATE - ▁FREEDOM - ▁DRUG - ▁PRISON - ▁PARTS - ▁SPORT - PEN - ▁ROB - AF - ▁ACHIEVE - ▁LENGTH - ▁SQUARE - ▁KI - LD - RIGHT - ANE - ▁STOCK - ▁FILL - ▁AUSTRALIAN - ▁ESCAPE - ▁RAIN - ▁AFFECT - VERSE - ▁AVOID - IFF - ▁EXTREMELY - TERED - ▁SILENCE - ▁RAT - ▁MANAGEMENT - ▁SHOULDER - ▁OIL - ▁PET - PPING - PLE - ▁MULTIPLE - ▁ACTIVE - ▁SECTION - ▁CONTAIN - ▁YOUTUBE - ▁UNION - ▁VIOLENCE - ▁RECENT - NN
    ZENODO

    Tessaradomidae Jullien 1903

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    Family Tessaradomidae Jullien in Jullien and Calvet, 1903 <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Jullien and Calvet (1903) placed <i>Tessaradoma</i> Norman, 1869 in their new family Lepralidae in the text, but also proposed the family Tessaradomidae in their plate 14, comparing the position of the operculum with that in other families. In that article, new families were written as for example, “Famille Adeonidae J. Jullien 1903 ”. According to this, the author of Tessaradomidae can be attributed to Jullien only (Hayward and Ryland 1979).</p>Published as part of <i>Arakawa, Shinji, 2024, Descriptions of Three Cheilostomatid Bryozoan Species from the Continental Shelf off Boso Peninsula, Japan, pp. 99-110 in Species Diversity 29 (1)</i> on page 100, DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.29.99, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10928489">http://zenodo.org/record/10928489</a&gt
    ZENODO

    Novel Environmentally Friendly Inorganic Orange Pigments Based on NaₓWO₃

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    This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Chemistry Letters following peer review. The version of record Yo Shimura, Shinji Tamura, Novel environmentally friendly inorganic orange pigments based on NaₓWO₃, Chemistry Letters, Volume 54, Issue 9, September 2025, upaf175, is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/chemle/upaf175.Lithium-doped NaWO₃ (Na₁−xLixWO₃, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) was investigated as a novel environmentally friendly inorganic orange pigment. Li⁺ incorporation induced local structural distortions in WO₆ octahedra, modulating d–d transitions and bandgap absorption. The sample with x = 0.05 composition exhibited maximum red reflectance and vivid coloration due to minimized octahedral distortion. These results demonstrate that lattice-level control of symmetry offers a viable strategy to tune visible light absorption and color properties in lead- and cadmium-free pigment materials
    Osaka University Knowledge Archive

    Family altruism and incentives

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    The author builds on the altruistic model of the family, to explore the strategic interaction between altruistic parents, and selfish children, when children's efforts are endogenous. If there is uncertainty about the amount of income the children will realize, and if parents have imperfect information, the children have an incentive to exert little effort, and to rely on their parent's altruistically motivated transfers. Because of this, parents face a tradeoff between the insurance that bequests implicitly provide their children, and the disincentive to work prompted by their altruism. The author shows that if parents can credibly commit to a pattern of transfers, they will choose not to compensate children in bad outcomes, as much as predicted by the standard (no uncertainty, no asymmetric information) dynastic model of the family. Alternatively, parents may choose to forgo any insurance, and offer a fixed level of bequest, to elicit greater effort from their children. The optimal transfers structure that the author derives, reconciles the predictions of the altruistic family model, with much of the existing evidence on inter-generational transfers, which suggests that parents compensate only partially, or not at all, for earnings differentials among their children. Moreover, the author shows that Ricardian equivalence holds in this setup, except when non-negativity constraints are binding.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Economics&Finance,Educational Sciences,Safety Nets and Transfers
    Research Papers in Economics

    Nanoplastics and Protein Corona - Investigating the Corona Structure and their Biological Impacts

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    This thesis explores the chemical and biological bases behind the reported effects of nano-scale plastics (nanoplastics) on organisms. Surface characteristics play a key role in controlling interactions between nanoplastics and biological systems, and key amongst these for nanoparticles is the protein complex formed on the surface of nanoplastics when nanoplastics are exposed to biological fluids, the protein corona. However, there are few studies focussing on the nanoparticle-biological interface in the current literature and thus a lack of understanding of the key principles that govern the formation and properties of protein coronae, or how the properties of protein coronae affect the response of biological systems. This work has approached this challenge by first investigating the physical structures that are formed on nanoplastics in the presence of proteins, and then introducing nanoplastic and nanoplastic/protein complexes to in vitro cells and model lipid membranes to investigate their impact. Collectively, the contributory factors were critically assessed – nanoplastic size and charge, and the nature of the protein corona. The initial study involved comparing bare polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics (both large and small, and with both positive and negative surface charge), with the nanoplastics coated with protein coronae formed by exposure to the human serum abundant proteins human serum albumin (HSA), and lysozyme (LYS). The protein coronae were studied using neutron scattering techniques and both hard and soft coronae were found to be produced depending on the conditions (when PS and protein carry same or opposite surface charges, respectively). Soft corona complexes are characterised by a structure where the nanoplastics were surrounded by a loose protein layer (~ 2-3 protein thick, observed for LYS soft corona formed around small PS(+) nanoplastics). In most cases hard-corona coated nanoplastics also formed fractal-like aggregates in solution (except for the HSA hard corona complex with PS(+)large). Nanoplastic size affected the structures of both the protein corona and the intrinsic protein: the selfassociation forces holding the nanoplastic/protein complex together were stronger, and the hard corona proteins underwent significant conformational change, for smaller nanoplastics (20 nm) compared to larger nanoplastics (200 nm). Bare nanoplastics and nanoplastic/protein corona complexes were introduced to cellular environments of human alveolar epithelial (A549) cells and tethered POPC lipid bilayers. For bare nanoplastics the introduction of bare PS nanoplastics to the A549 cells in serum-free media caused mild cytotoxicity, although there was no clear correlation between cell death and the physical properties of the nanoplastics (size or surface charge). When the nanoplastics were exposed to in vitro cells they had strong association with cells, and were clearly shown to be adhering to the cellular membrane. On the POPC tethered bilayer damage was observed which was nanoplastic size-dependent and charge-independent — small nanoplastics (20 nm) showed membrane thinning, disruption in headgroup packing, and resistivity decrease, while the large particles (200 nm) did not cause any membrane disruption. Both HSA and LYS protein coronae (soft and hard) altered the way the nanoplastics interacted with in vitro cells and lipid bilayers. In most cases, the presence of the protein corona reduced the bilayer disruption and the extent of cytotoxicity; this reduction was greater for soft corona, independent of the protein type or the nanoplastic size. An exception was found for the LYS hard corona complexes with small PS nanoplastics, where the cytotoxicity effect was not mitigated. The difference may be related to the fractal-like morphology of hard corona nanoplastic/protein complexes, which are known to be harmful to cells. The nanoplastic interaction with cells was not limited to membrane adhesion, however, particle uptake into the cells was indicated in flow cytometry experiments and confirmed with fluorescence microscopy. Three-dimensional reconstructed images of cells showed that some of the uptaken nanoplastics were localised around the cell nuclei, apparently adhering to the nuclear membrane surface, they did not penetrate the nuclei. There was also an indication that chromosomes were found close to the small polystyrene nanoparticles, but not the larger particles. Since these nanoplastics have been associated with reports of delayed reproduction and transgenerational effects, this cellular level observation demonstrates the possibility that small PS nanoplastics (20 nm) could be interacting with DNA. This work therefore determined protein corona formation around PS nanoplastics is mainly dictated by electrostatic interactions and soft and hard protein coronae adopt distinctively different geometries. The presence of protein corona, of different types, can have the impact on cytotoxicity and membrane disruption differently. These findings contribute to the literature surrounding nanoplastic toxicity by establishing the link between molecular level interactions and biological consequences
    ResearchSpace@Auckland

    Nanotechnology regulation in Aotearoa New Zealand: Current developments and comparison with overseas regulations

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    ResearchSpace@Auckland

    Catalytic Combustion-Type Methane Gas Sensor with Tungsten-doped Apatite-type Gadolinium Silicate

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    This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Chemistry Letters following peer review. The version of record Wonjoon Lee, Shinji Tamura, Nobuhito Imanaka, Catalytic combustion-type methane gas sensor with tungsten-doped apatite-type gadolinium silicate, Chemistry Letters, Volume 54, Issue 10, October 2025, upaf177, is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/chemle/upaf177.We report a thermally engineered apatite-type Gd₁₀Si₆−xWxO₂₇+δ-supported PdO/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst for catalytic combustion-type CH₄ sensor. Incorporation of W⁶⁺ induces local lattice distortion via strong W–O bonds, reducing catalyst-specific heat capacity and enabling rapid internal heat transfer. This accelerates sensor response speed and sensitivity at lower operating temperatures. Optimized PdO/Gd₁₀Si₅.₇W₀.₃O₂₇+δ/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst exhibited more than twice the sensor output and a significantly shorter response time than the undoped system, demonstrating lattice-level thermal control via strategic chemical substitution improves sensor performance
    Osaka University Knowledge Archive

    Can reforming global institutions help developing countries share more in the benefits from globalization?

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    Globalization could significantly expand trade, international investment, and technological advances, but the gains from global integration have been unevenly distributed across and within nations. Greater global interdependence has also brought greater macroeconomic volatility, resulting in several serious financial crises in the second half of the 1990s. The global matrix of Bretton Woods and United Nations institutions that developed starting in the 1940s, formed under a different balance of power, in a world of fixed exchange rates and limited capital mobility. Since the 1960s regional financial institutions have emerged because of the greater autonomy of different regions and the greater financial needs of development. The author reviews different proposals for reform of the international financial institutions and changes in the roles of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. He highlights the implications for developing countries of (1) Policy conditionality. (2) The countercyclical role of multilaterals'lending. (3) Greater lending to middle-income than to low-income developing countries. (3) Access to liquidity at times of crisis. (4) Mechanisms for giving low-income countries a greater voice in IMF and World Bank decisionmaking. The author streses the overlapping responsibilities of the Bretton Woods and regional financial institutions and the need to reassess the allocation of responsibilities and to develop better coordination mechanisms between these institutions. Those designing institutional reform must consider the corporate capabilities of each type of institution. The corporate cultures of global and regional institutions differ. So does the kind of knowledge they generate and disseminate, and so do patterns of interactions with, and mechanisms for representation of, client countries.Finally, the author calls attention to the need to harmonize national and global growth-oriented policies in a way that reduces volatility and promotes social equity.Environmental Economics&Policies,Governance Indicators,Financial Intermediation,Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform
    Research Papers in Economics
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