1,721,010 research outputs found
True mineral digestibility in C57Bl/6J mice
No full textData on mineral digestibility is key to understand mineral homeostasis and refine the recommendations for the dietary intake of these nutrients. In farm animals and pets, there is plenty of data on mineral digestibility and influencing factors. In laboratory mice, however, there is a lack of information on mineral digestibility under maintenance conditions, although this should be the basis for studies on mineral homeostasis under experimental conditions. The aim of the present study was to analyse data on intake, faecal excretion, and apparent digestibility of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and magnesium in C57BL/6J mice fed different maintenance diets with varying voluntary dry matter intake. Lucas-tests were used to quantify true digestibility and describe correlations between dietary intake and excretion/absorption of the nutrients. Calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium showed a linear correlation between intake and faecal excretion (R2: 0.77, 0.93 and 0.91, respectively). Intake and apparently digested amounts of sodium and potassium were correlated linearly (R2: 0.86 and 0.98, respectively). These data show that intake is the major determinant of absorption in the minerals listed above. Faecal calcium and phosphorus excretion were correlated as well (R2 = 0.75)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Nutrient Digestibility in Zoo‐Kept Tapirs ( Tapirus spp) as Compared to Other Herbivores
No full textABSTRACT Tapirs are hindgut fermenters with a natural diet dominated by browse, with a certain proportion of wild fruit. By contrast, diets fed to tapirs in zoos are often dominated by domestic fruit and other sources of easily digestible carbohydrates, which have been linked to obesity and various health problems. We aimed at better understanding the digestive physiology of tapirs, measuring the digestive efficiency of 13 lowland ( Tapirus terrestris ) and five Malayan ( Tapirus indicus ) tapirs from five zoos on various zoo diets by recording intake and total faecal excretion. Additionally, we aimed at evaluating zoo diets, by assessing relationships between dietary characteristics and data on intake and faeces consistency, and compared the data gained in the zoo study to those of faecal samples of free‐ranging tapirs. Tapirs showed digestive principles reported in other herbivores, such as higher levels of metabolic faecal nitrogen and a lower intake on diets of higher digestibility, or a decrease in digestibility with increasing dietary fibre concentrations. Compared to horses or grazing rhinoceroses, organic matter digestibility in tapirs was more negatively affected by dietary fibre; additionally, tapirs had comparatively low fibre digestibility. This is possibly linked to their comparatively poor chewing efficacy. The readiness to ingest a hay‐only diet was directly proportional to the amount of hay in the usual zoo diet, supporting reports that it may be difficult to achieve high hay intakes in tapirs instantaneously. Faeces consistency was closer to the natural condition with higher proportions of roughage in the diet. Compared to a set of faecal samples from the wild, zoo faeces were generally lower in fibre. This study supports previous suggestions that zoo tapirs could benefit, in terms of mimicking their digestive physiology and feeding behaviour in natural habitats, from diets based on a readily ingested roughage source, especially from browse
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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