1,720,981 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Religious and republican Enlightenment influences in Early American education, 1740-1819.
No full textHistories of education covering the time period of 1740-1820 frequently overlook the importance of religion to educational endeavors. Colleges and academies founded in the 18th century grew out of religious motivations, though a comparison of the educational thought of Benjamin Franklin (a founder of the College of Philadelphia) and John Witherspoon (president of the College of New Jersey) reveal that both were indebted to Enlightenment ideals. After the Revolution, most proposals for education in the young nation built more on those Enlightenment republican ideals than on religious motivations, though they failed to come to fruition. By the early decades of the 19th century, a full synthesis of Enlightenment, republican education and religious education had emerged
"It was by reason of being Mormons that we were kept at arms length" : Mormonism, Freemasonry, and conflicting interests on the Illinois frontier.
No full textFollowing the creation of a Masonic lodge in Nauvoo, Illinois, in March 1842, Mormons living in the area enthusiastically joined the fraternity. Despite the eagerness with which Mormons affiliated with the society, many non-Mormon Masons in Illinois viewed the Mormons with suspicion and contempt and justified the distrust they had for the Mormon Masons because the Mormons violated some Masonic principles within their lodge. While the Mormon Masons were guilty of some of the charges brought up against them, these trivial complaints did not warrant the continued antagonism that the Mormon Masons experienced at the hands of other Illinois Masons. Therefore, this thesis argues that anti-Mormonism was the driving force behind the resentment that many Illinois Masons expressed for the Mormon Masons during the first half of the 1840s
Identifying with the Lowly : Jonathan Edwards, Charity, and the Stockbridge Mission.
No full textJonathan Edwards is commonly thought of as a cold but brilliant theologian, a fire-breathing railer, quick to use his genius with words to reprove, a man bookishly removed from the daily concerns of life. However, recent scholarship incorporating a larger corpus of his works, only now easily accessible, has revealed a more multifaceted man, a pastor who, in fact, preached and wrote volumes on Divine Love and its outworking in Christian charity. He laid both the philosophic and aesthetic groundwork to convince the Christian of the necessity of a charitable disposition and its required fruit. Throughout his first thirty years as a pastor, he returned often to the imperatives of charity. This thesis highlights the ways in which he specifically addressed the need for active charity to the neediest in the community, the poor and disenfranchised no matter their race. As he identified an increasingly pervasive lust for gain in the colonies and in Northampton he censured such selfish motives through his pastoring and preaching. After years of wrangling over such issues, his teaching tended to emphasize that the most practical way to tune our hearts to a joyful obedience of this duty is to reject selfish ambition and to identify with the lowly. Not only did Edwards teach these virtues often in both his New York and Northampton pulpits, but he personally and tirelessly worked for the cause of the poor. This thesis will show that Edwards' choice to minister at Stockbridge after his dismissal at Northampton was consistent with his focus on charity throughout his life and exemplifies identifying with the lowly and despised of society. By examining his work with and on behalf of the Stockbridge Indians, it is apparent that these years were not just a "quiet retreat" or a "forced exile" as some scholars posited, but instead these years are a powerful example of choosing to identify with the marginalized. Although he was never a perfect man, Jonathan Edwards' Stockbridge years offer much for modern Christians to consider and to emulate in their own lives and ministries
Remembering the old faith in the new nation : American Protestants and the Christian past, 1780–1865.
No full textThis study demonstrates the cultural and political importance of American uses of religious history between 1780 and 1865. While scholars emphasize the ahistorical, antitraditional nature of American Christianity, a close study of periodicals, sermons, pamphlets and books reveals an ongoing engagement with an argument over the meaning of the Christian past. Contrary to conventional scholarly accounts, American Protestants did not ignore the history of Christianity but read and cited it voraciously. Popular narratives about church history provided Americans with historical legitimization and fortified American exceptionalism. At the same time, religious memory was implicated in arguments over church and state, gender and racial equality, and slaveholding. On each of these questions, American Protestants from a wide range of denominations appealed to tradition, Christian practice, and the history of Christianity. The study shows that interpretations of the Christian past crucially shaped the development of American political, religious, and cultural life, while also shifting scholarly understanding of religious authority and Protestant biblicism
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