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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pengaruh Pengunaan Pupuk Urea dan Za terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Pak Choy (Brassica chinensis L)
Get PDFPak choy adalah salah satu sayuran daun yang banyak mengandung mineral dan vitamin serta kaya akan kandungan klorofil yang dapat berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Sayuran ini merupakan komoditas yang memiliki nilai komersial dan digemari masyarakat Indonesia. Bagi petani sayuran daun, pak choy mempunyai masa panen yang singkat dan pasar yang terbuka luas merupakan daya tarik untuk diusahakan. Daya tarik lainnya adalah harga yang relatif stabil dan mudah diusahakan (Haryanto et al ., 1995). Konsumsi pak choy diduga akan mengalami peningkatan sesuai pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk, meningkatnya daya beli masyarakat, kemudahan tanaman ini diperoleh di pasar, dan peningkatan pengetahuan gizi masyarakat.
Perbaikan teknik budidaya seperti pemupukan akan memberikan kecukupan ketersediaan unsur hara yang tepat. Nitrogen sangat dibutuhkan untuk sisntesis protein, merupakan komponen utama berbagai senyawa di dalam tubuh tanaman terutama bagian organ daun, asam amino, amida, klorofil dan alkoloid Tanaman tidak dapat secara langsung menyerap pupuk yang telah diberikan. Pupuk nitrogen konvensional yang banyak beredar dan telah digunakan oleh petani secara luas saat ini adalah Urea dan ZA.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dosis pupuk Urea dan ZA yang optimal bagi tanaman pak choy ( Brassica chine nsis L). Hipotesis yang diajukan yakni Penggunaan pupuk Urea dan ZA dengan dosis yang tepat akan meningkatkan hasil tanaman pak choy ( Brassica chinensis L).
Penelitian ini akan dilakukan di lahan percobaan Widya Gama, kecamatan Blimbing, Malang. Lokasi tersebut berada pada ketinggian 505 m dpl, dengan suhu rata-rata harian 21—23 0 C. Penelitian berlangsung mulai bulan Maret sampai April 2009. Alat yang digunakan cangkul, penggaris, timbangan, pisau, SPAD klorofil meter dan oven. Bahan yang digunakan adalah benih pak choy, pupuk Urea, ZA, SP-36, KCl, dan Dursban 20 EC. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan RAK dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan yakni pemupukan nitrogen berupa Urea dan ZA dengan dosis pupuk masing-masing 5 taraf (40, 60, 80, 100, dan 120 kg N.ha -1 ) sehingga diperoleh 10 perlakuan dan kontrol dengan plot berjumlah 33. Setiap plot terdapat 32 tanaman pak choy.
Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi penelitian non destruktif dan pengamatan destruktif. Pengamatan dilakukan mulai tanaman berumur 6, 12, 18 dan 24 hari setelah transplanting. Variabel pengamatan non destruktif yang diamati adalah panjang tanaman (cm), jumlah daun, luas daun. Veriabel pengamatan destruktif meliputi bobot segar total tanaman, bobot kering total tanaman, pengamatan klorofil tanaman, laju pertumbuhan nisbi (RGR), Laju asimilasi bersih (NAR) dan laju pertumbuhan tanaman (CGR). Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan menggunakan uji F pada taraf 5 % dan dilanjutkan dengan uju BNT 5 %. Untuk memperoleh dosis yang optimum dilakukan analisa usaha budidaya tanaman pak choy.
Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemberian nitrogen dalam bentuk Urea dan ZA dalam berbagai dosis menujukkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman Pak choy. Pemberian nitrogen dalam bentuk Urea dengan dosis 120 kg N. ha -1 maupun ZA dengan dosis 120 kg N. ha -1 , merupakan kombinasi terbaik yang menghasilkan bobot segar panen 35,18 t. ha -1 dan 34.51 t. ha -1 . Sedangkan tanpa pemberian nitrogen menghasilkan bobot segar panen sebesar 14,37 t. ha -1 . Pemberian pupuk Urea pada dosis 120 kg N. ha -1 (J1D5) menghasilkan hasil pertumbuhan meliputi panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, kadar klorofil yakni 26,26 cm, 14,72 , 392,16 cm 2 , 43,06 mg.g -1 BS parameter hasil meliputi bobot segar total tanaman dan bobot kering total tanaman yakni sebesar 178,23 g, dan 9,69 g. Sedangkan pemberian pupuk ZA pada dosis 120 kg N. ha -1 (J2D5) menghasilkan hasil pertumbuhan meliputi panjang tanaman, jumlah daun dan luas daun yakni 29,06 cm, 13,07, 363,36 cm 2 , 43,76 mg.g -1 BS parameter hasil meliputi, bobot segar total dan tanaman bobot kering total tanaman yakni sebesar 168,20 g dan 8,31 g. Pertumbuhan dan hasil yang terendah terdapat pada perlakuan tanpa pemberian nitrogen (P0), yakni dengan panjang tanaman 21,13 cm, jumlah daun 10,16 , luas daun 215,75 cm 2 , kadar klorofil 37,51 mg.g -1 BS bobot segar total tanaman 68,73 g, bobot kering total tanaman 4,42 g dan bobot segar panen 14,37 t. ha -1 . Pemberian nitrogen dalam bentuk Urea maupun ZA pada berbagai dosis tidak berpengaruh nyata pada nilai SPAD kadar klorofil tanaman, namun berpengaruh nyata terhadap kontrol (tanpa pemberian nitrogen). Nilai rata-rata nilai laju pertumbuhan nisbi tanaman atau RGR (Tabel 8), laju asimilasi bersih atau NAR (Tabel 9) dan laju pertumbuhan tanaman atau CGR (Tabel 10) berbeda nyata pada umur 18—24 HST, sedangkan pada umur 6—12 HST dan 12—18 HST tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata
Pemberian nitrogen dalam bentuk Urea dengan dosis 120 kg N. Ha -1 dan ZA dengan dosis 120 kg N. Ha -1 merupakan dosis yang optimum. Pemberian Urea dengan dosis 120 kg N. Ha -1 menghasilkan bobot segar panen sebesar 35,18 t. ha -1 dan memberikan keuntungan tertinggi yakni sebesar Rp 24,862,436,-. Pemberian ZA dengan dosis 120 kg N. Ha -1 menghasilkan bobot segar panen sebesar 34,51 t. ha -1 dan keuntungan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp 23,544,851,-. Sedangkan tanpa pemberian nitrogen bobot segar panen yang dihasilkan sebesar 14,37 t. ha -1 dengan keuntungan sebesar Rp 4,817,400,-
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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