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The Inoperative Regional Power: Algerian Classical Foreign Policy in a Changing World – Critical Reflections in the Light of Soft Power Approach
Get PDFتسعى هذه الورقة إلى إعادة التفكير في المنطق التقليدي الذي أظهرت السياسة الخارجية الجزائرية ميلًا إليه منذ الاستقلال، والمرتكز على مقوّمات القوة الصلبة وأدواتها في التعامل والتأثير؛ مما جعلها ضيّقة الأفق، محدودة التأثير، في عالمٍ تتغيّر مفاهيمه وأدواته وطبيعة العلاقات فيه بسرعة كبيرة. وتلفت الورقة الانتباه إلى وجود مصادرِ وأدوات قوةٍّ أخرى كامنةٍ للجزائر – غير قوّة السلاح والنفط وأدوات الدبلوماسية الرسمية الكلاسيكية – سيؤدّي الاستثمار فيها وتفعيلها في سياسة البلاد الخارجية إلى تقوية مكانتها على الساحة الدولية، وإلى توسعة مجالات نفوذها الخارجي، وترسيخ قيادتها الإقليمية الحميدة في القارة الأفريقية وغرب المتوسط، وبتكاليف أقلّ. نقصد هنا مصادر القوة الناعمة الكامنة والمعطلة في آن، والتي أدّى عدم الاستثمار فيها بالشكل الأنسب إلى جعل الجزائر "بلدًا مُعطّلًا" من الناحية الجيوبوليتيكية، أو ما نُسميه هنا – استلهامًا من كارل شميدت – "بالغروسروم المُعطّل" (The Broken Grossraum) في منطقة شمال أفريقيا وغرب المتوسط. سوف تُحدّد هذه الورقة في البداية المقصود بالقوة الناعمة؛ مصادرها وأهميّتها المعاصرة في السياسة الخارجية للدول. وبعد أن تُقدّم صورةً عامةً عن طبيعة السياسة الخارجية الجزائرية ومبادئها الرئيسة منذ الاستقلال؛ توضح الورقة معالم القوة الناعمة التي تتمتّع بها الجزائر، التي ظلّت إلى الآن مُعَطَلّةً غير مُستثمَرٍ فيها بالشكل الأنسب. أخيرًا، تُحاجج الورقة في ضرورة توفّر جملة من الشروط من أجل الوصول إلى مصادر هذه القوّة الناعمة الكامنة وتفعيلها في سياسة البلد الخارجية والأمنية مستقبلًا، تفعيلًا لهذا "الغروسروم المعَطَّل" ولدور والقيادة الإقليمية الفاعلة في منطقة شمال أفريقيا وغرب المتوسط.This paper aims to reconceive the traditional-based logic which the Algerian foreign policy tends to adopt since independence to date. This traditional logic is centered on the hard power foundations and tools, which makes this policy blind-alley with poor and even limited influence within a rapidly changing world in terms of concepts, tools, and nature of relations. This paper then aims to draw attention to the existence of other untapped sources of power for Algeria to exploit, apart from the power of its force of arms, oil, and the tools of its official classical diplomacy. For that, activating and investing in these untapped soft powers in the country's foreign policy will strengthen Algeria's position internationally, expand its foreign spheres of influence, and consolidate its "benign regional hegemony" in Africa and the Western Mediterranean region at a lower cost. We are referring here to the resources of the untapped and inoperative soft power which the lack of investment in an appropriate way has resulted in making Algeria a "broken country" geopolitically, or let’s label it "The Broken Grossraum" – quoting the German political theorist Carl Schmitt – in North Africa and Western Mediterranean region. This paper first identifies the meaning of soft power, its resources, and its contemporary importance in countries' foreign policy. Then, drawing upon an analysis of the Algerian foreign policy and its main principles since independence, the paper indicates Algeria's potential soft power resources, which are still untapped and unexploited to date. Finally, the paper argue for a set of conditions to unlock the untapped soft powers in the country's foreign and security policy and foster the Algerian's effective regional leadership in North Africa and Western Mediterranean regio
Şiddetli aşırılık ve terörizm akımlara karşı kültürel bir yaklaşım : Malek Bennabi'nin düşüncesi
No full textBu çalışma şiddete dayalı aşırı akımlar ve terörizme karşı Malek Bennebi’nin fikirlerini incelemeyi amaçlar. Malek Binnebi objeler ve bireyler alemine nazaran fikirler alemini öncelemiştir. Bu çalışma fikri sahasının aşırlık içeren yönelimlere karşı siyasi, ekonomik ve güvenlik araçlarının kullanımında ne kadar önem taşıdığını tartışır. Malek Binnebi’nin kültürel yaklaşımı siyasette şiddet meselesine yönelik ciddi bir bakış açısı sunar. Kendi yaşadığı dönemde bugünkü ölçüde şiddet yaşanmamış ve konu ile birebir muhtap olmamış olsa da bu çalışma Binnebi’nin fikirlerinin İslam Dünyasında şiddet içeren aşırlıklar ve terörizm meselesine karşı somut bir rehber olabileceğini iddia eder.The study attempts to investigate Malek Bennabi’s views in response to the rise of violent extremism and terrorism in the Muslim world. Malek Bennabi prioritizes the realm of ideas at the expense of the realm of objects and the realm of individuals. This study discusses the importance of ideas in using political, economic and security tools against extremist practices. Malek Bennabi's cultural approach provides an insight into the question of violence in politics. Even though he did not witness an era of violent extremism and specifically dealt with these problematics, this thesis argues that Bennabi’s perspective offers substantial guidance in dealing with violent extremism and terrorism in the Muslim World
The Inoperative Regional Power: Algerian Classical Foreign Policy in a Changing World – Critical Reflections in the Light of Soft Power Approach
No full textتسعى هذه الورقة إلى إعادة التفكير في المنطق التقليدي الذي أظهرت السياسة الخارجية الجزائرية ميلًا إليه منذ الاستقلال، والمرتكز على مقوّمات القوة الصلبة وأدواتها في التعامل والتأثير؛ مما جعلها ضيّقة الأفق، محدودة التأثير، في عالمٍ تتغيّر مفاهيمه وأدواته وطبيعة العلاقات فيه بسرعة كبيرة. وتلفت الورقة الانتباه إلى وجود مصادرِ وأدوات قوةٍّ أخرى كامنةٍ للجزائر – غير قوّة السلاح والنفط وأدوات الدبلوماسية الرسمية الكلاسيكية – سيؤدّي الاستثمار فيها وتفعيلها في سياسة البلاد الخارجية إلى تقوية مكانتها على الساحة الدولية، وإلى توسعة مجالات نفوذها الخارجي، وترسيخ قيادتها الإقليمية الحميدة في القارة الأفريقية وغرب المتوسط، وبتكاليف أقلّ. نقصد هنا مصادر القوة الناعمة الكامنة والمعطلة في آن، والتي أدّى عدم الاستثمار فيها بالشكل الأنسب إلى جعل الجزائر "بلدًا مُعطّلًا" من الناحية الجيوبوليتيكية، أو ما نُسميه هنا – استلهامًا من كارل شميدت – "بالغروسروم المُعطّل" (The Broken Grossraum) في منطقة شمال أفريقيا وغرب المتوسط. سوف تُحدّد هذه الورقة في البداية المقصود بالقوة الناعمة؛ مصادرها وأهميّتها المعاصرة في السياسة الخارجية للدول. وبعد أن تُقدّم صورةً عامةً عن طبيعة السياسة الخارجية الجزائرية ومبادئها الرئيسة منذ الاستقلال؛ توضح الورقة معالم القوة الناعمة التي تتمتّع بها الجزائر، التي ظلّت إلى الآن مُعَطَلّةً غير مُستثمَرٍ فيها بالشكل الأنسب. أخيرًا، تُحاجج الورقة في ضرورة توفّر جملة من الشروط من أجل الوصول إلى مصادر هذه القوّة الناعمة الكامنة وتفعيلها في سياسة البلد الخارجية والأمنية مستقبلًا، تفعيلًا لهذا "الغروسروم المعَطَّل" ولدور والقيادة الإقليمية الفاعلة في منطقة شمال أفريقيا وغرب المتوسط.This paper aims to reconceive the traditional-based logic which the Algerian foreign policy tends to adopt since independence to date. This traditional logic is centered on the hard power foundations and tools, which makes this policy blind-alley with poor and even limited influence within a rapidly changing world in terms of concepts, tools, and nature of relations. This paper then aims to draw attention to the existence of other untapped sources of power for Algeria to exploit, apart from the power of its force of arms, oil, and the tools of its official classical diplomacy. For that, activating and investing in these untapped soft powers in the country's foreign policy will strengthen Algeria's position internationally, expand its foreign spheres of influence, and consolidate its "benign regional hegemony" in Africa and the Western Mediterranean region at a lower cost. We are referring here to the resources of the untapped and inoperative soft power which the lack of investment in an appropriate way has resulted in making Algeria a "broken country" geopolitically, or let’s label it "The Broken Grossraum" – quoting the German political theorist Carl Schmitt – in North Africa and Western Mediterranean region. This paper first identifies the meaning of soft power, its resources, and its contemporary importance in countries' foreign policy. Then, drawing upon an analysis of the Algerian foreign policy and its main principles since independence, the paper indicates Algeria's potential soft power resources, which are still untapped and unexploited to date. Finally, the paper argue for a set of conditions to unlock the untapped soft powers in the country's foreign and security policy and foster the Algerian's effective regional leadership in North Africa and Western Mediterranean regio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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