378 research outputs found
Smart and Resilient Supply Chains:Role of Smart Supply Chain Mapping
No full textIn an increasingly interconnected and complex global economy, supply chains are exposed to frequent disruptions from natural disasters, economic shifts, and unforeseen crises such as pandemics. Traditional supply chain management methods, which often rely on static, linear models, are insufficient to address these challenges. Digital twin technology offers a transformative solution by creating a real-time, dynamic replica of the physical supply chain. This chapter explores how digital twin technology, integrated within a smart supply chain, enhances supply chain resilience across three key dimensions: readiness, response, and recovery. By continuously mapping the upstream, midstream, and downstream components of a supply chain, organizations can anticipate risks, act swiftly during disruptions, and recover efficiently to maintain operational continuity. The primary objective of this chapter is to demonstrate how smart supply chain mapping, powered by digital twin technology, can significantly improve organizational resilience. The chapter also explores the prerequisites for implementing real-time digital mapping, including the technological infrastructure and organizational readiness required to support such initiatives. The chapter employs a qualitative approach, drawing on a existing literature and reports, along with the authors’ understanding of emerging technologies in supply chain management. Furthermore, this chapter calls for future research to investigate the feasibility of implementing real-time, dynamic digital twin mapping in complex, multi-tiered global supply chains. As supply chains extend beyond immediate tiers, mapping each node becomes increasingly challenging due to the complexity and breadth of the network. Feasibility studies are crucial in evaluating the scalability and applicability of digital twins in diverse industries, ensuring that the technology can handle the vast amounts of data and the complexities of global supply networks. Future research should focus on overcoming these challenges and unlocking the full potential of digital twin technology for enhancing supply chain resilience.</p
Transmuted exponentiated Chen distribution with application to survival data
No full textThis article considers an extension of the exponentiated Chen distribution based on the quadratic rank transmutation map technique. Some structural properties of the transmuted exponentiated Chen distribution are discussed. The estimation procedure is performed using the method of maximum likelihood. Finally, the flexibility of the new distribution is illustrated using strengths of glass fibres data and nicotine in cigarettes data.
References G. R. Aryal and C. P. Tsokos. Transmuted Weibull distribution: A generalization of the Weibull probability distribution. Euro. J. Pure Appl. Math., 4(2):89–102, 2011. http://www.ejpam.com/index.php/ejpam/article/view/1170 Z. Chen. A new two-parameter lifetime distribution with bathtub shape or increasing failure rate function. Stats. Prob. Lett., 49:155–161, 2000. doi:10.1016/S0167-7152(00)00044-4 Y. P. Chaubey and R. Zhang. An extension of Chen's family of survival distributions with bathtub shape or increasing hazard rate function. Commun. Stat. A: Theor., 44(19):4049–4064, 2015. doi:10.1080/03610926.2014.997357 M. S. Khan and R. King. Transmuted modified Weibull distribution: A generalization of the modified Weibull probability distribution. Euro. J. Pure Appl. Math., 6(1):66–88, 2013. http://www.ejpam.com/index.php/ejpam/article/view/1606 M. S. Khan, R. King and I. Hudson. Characterizations of the transmuted inverse Weibull distribution. ANZIAM J, 55:C197–C217, 2014. doi:10.21914/anziamj.v55i0.7785 M. S. Khan and R. King. A new class of transmuted inverse Weibull distribution for reliability analysis. Am. J. Math. Manage. Sci.. 33(4):261–286, 2014. doi:10.1080/01966324.2014.929989 M. S. Khan, R. King and I. Hudson. A new three parameter transmuted Chen lifetime distribution with application. J. Appl. Stat. Sci., 21(3) 2015. https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=54720 F. Merovci. Transmuted Rayleigh distribution. Austrian J. Stat., 42(1):21–31, 2013. http://www.ajs.or.at/index.php/ajs/article/view/vol42,%20no1-2 R. L. Smith and J. C. Naylor. A comparison of maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimators for the three-parameter Weibull distribution. J. Roy. Stat. Soc. C–App., 36:358–369, 1987. doi: 10.2307/2347795 W. T. Shaw and I. R. C. Buckley. The alchemy of probability distributions: Beyond Gram–Charlier expansions, and a skew-kurtotic-normal distribution from a rank transmutation map. Technical report, 2009. http://arxiv.org/abs/0901.0434 Federal Trade Commission (USA). Results of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide testing for 1,249 varieties of domestic cigarettes sold in 1995. File No. 962 3099, Jan. 1998. https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/press-releases/1998/01/results-tar-nicotine-and-carbon-monoxide-testing-1249-varietie
Characterizations of the transmuted inverse Weibull distribution
No full textWe characterise the transmuted inverse Weibull distribution and compare it to many other generalizations of the two-parameter inverse Weibull distribution using the likelihood ratio test. Explicit expressions are derived for the quantile, moment generating function, entropies, mean deviation and order statistics. A bladder cancer application is presented to illustrate the proposed transmuted inverse Weibull distribution.
References Arnold, B. C., Balakrishnan A. N. and Nagaraja H. N., A first course in order statistics, Wiley, New York, 1992. doi:10.1002/9781118150412 Aryal, G. R. and Tsokos, C. P., Transmuted Weibull distribution: A generalization of the Weibull Probability distribution. Europe. J. of Pure Appl. Math., 4(2):89–102, 2011. http://www.ejpam.com/index.php/ejpam/article/view/1170 Calabria, R. and Pulcini, G., On the maximum likelihood and least-squares estimation in the inverse Weibull distribution. Stat. Appl., 2:53–66, 1990. http://sa-ijas.stat.unipd.it/sites/sa-ijas.stat.unipd.it/files/53-66.pdf de Gusmao, F. R. S., Ortega, E. M. M. and Cordeiro, G. M., The generalized inverse Weibull distribution. Stat. Pap., 52:591–619, 2011. doi:10.1007/s00362-009-0271-3 Cordeiro, G. M., Gomes, A. E., da-Silva, C. Q. and Ortega, E. M. M., The beta exponentiated Weibull distribution. J. Stat. Comput. Sim., 83(1):114–138, 2013. doi:10.1080/00949655.2011.615838 Havrda, J. and Charvat, F., Quantification method in classification processes: concept of structural -entropy. Kybernetika, 3:30–35, 1967. http://www.kybernetika.cz/content/1967/1/30 Khan, M. S. and King, R., Transmuted modified Weibull distribution: A generalization of the modified Weibull probability distribution. Europe. J. of Pure Appl. Math., 6(1):66–88, 2013. http://www.ejpam.com/index.php/ejpam/article/view/1606 Khan, M. S. and King, R., Transmuted generalized inverse Weibull distribution. J. Appl. Stat. Sci., 20(3):15–32, 2013. https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=47370 Keller, A. Z., Kamath A. R. R. and Perera, U. D., Reliability analysis of CNC machine tools. Reliab. Eng., 3:449–473, 1982. doi:10.1016/0143-8174(82)90036-1 Kaplan, E. L. and Meier, P., Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J. Am. Stat. Assoc., 53(282):457–481, 1958. doi:10.1080/01621459.1958.10501452 Lee, E. T. and Wang, J. W., Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis. Wiley, New York, 2003. doi:10.1002/0471458546 Liu, C.-C., A Comparison between the Weibull and Lognormal Models used to Analyze Reliability Data. PhD Thesis University of Nottingham, 1997. Renyi, A., On measures of information and entropy. Proc. Fourth Berkeley Symp. on Math. Statist. and Prob. 1:547–561, 1961. http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.bsmsp/1200512181 The R Project for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, 2014. http://www.R-project.org Shaw, W. T. and Buckley, I. R. C., The alchemy of probability distributions: beyond Gram–Charlier expansions, and a skew-kurtotic normal distribution from a rank transmutation map. Technical report, 2009. http://arxiv.org/abs/0901.043
Modified Inverse Rayleigh Distribution
No full textA two parameter generalization of the Inverse Rayleigh distribution capable of modeling bathtub hazard rate function is defined and studied with application to reliability data. A comprehensive account of the mathematical properties of the modified Inverse Rayleigh distribution including estimation and simulation with its reliability behavior are discussed. An application is presented to illustrate the proposed distribution. Keywords Reliability functions; moment estimation; moment generating function; order statistics; maximum likelihood estimation 1
In vitro studies and microscopic evaluation of cryopreserved skin graft using anti-freeze peptide derived from antarctic yeast
No full textCryopreservation techniques for tissues and organs pose challenges to clinicians and scientists throughout the years. Although cryopreservation dated back to the 19th century, it has been mainly applied for short period cooling method of preservation. Later, progress is made in the field of
cryobiology for tissue and organ preservation with the availability of
commercial liquefied gases (nitrogen and helium). The discovery and use of
antifreeze proteins and their derivatives (AFPs) for tissue preservation are seen as potential to be developed commercially. In the present study, a process was developed to cryopreserve Sprague-
Dawley (SD) rat skin grafts with antifreeze peptide, Afp1m, -helix peptide fragment derived from Glaciozyma antractica yeast. Its viability assessed by different microscopic and immunohistochemical techniques. This study also
explored the cryopreservation properties and functional relationship of Afp1m
by determining the cell toxicity and cell viability using Dunn's mouse (Mus
dunni) skin fibroblast named as M.dunni (Clone III8C) cell line suspended in medium containing different concentrations of Afp1m (0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10 mg/ml) and kept at -10 °C and -20 °C for 24, 48 and 72 h. To observe the toxicity and cryoprotectant effects on skin cells in vitro, cell toxicity
determination and cryopreservation model were also developed to strengthen the study. Hypothesis of this study was that Afp1m is more
effective for preservation of tissues, than the other conventional antifreezing agents with minimal detrimental effects of the tissue microstructure.
To observe cytotoxicity of Afp1m, cells containing different Afp1m concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10 mg/ml) were incubated at 37 °C with 5%
CO2. It showed different survival percentages (78.86 ± 10.17 % , 88.38 ± 3.19 % , 88.75 ± 7.19 % , 90.61 ± 7.11 % , 91.19 ± 4.52 % , 100.00 ± 0.0 %) cells were grown for 24 h, in media comprising different Afp1m
concentrations i.e.10, 5, 2, 1, 0.5 mg/mL and positive control (10%FBS),
respectively. The 5, 2, 1, and 0.5 mg/mL of Afp1m achieved significantly
high (p<0.05) scores in cell viability (103.9 ± 6.56 % , 104.3 ± 5.13 % , 100.9
± 1.71 % , 102.8 ± 1.24 % , 100.00 ± 0.0 %) at 72 h of treatment as
compared to 10mg/mL which achieved 86.73 ± 6.92 % in cell viability.
Retarded growth was observed in 10 mg/mL Afp1m at 24, 48 and 72 h.
Growth was present but was slow than those treated with lower
concentration (5, 2, 1, 0.5 mg/mL) and positive control.
The cryopreservation properties of Afp1m was determined by cell viability in
different concentrations (10, 5, 2, 1, 0.5 mg/mL) of Afp1m and a positive
control (10%DMSO) at -10 °C and –20 °C for 24, 48 and 72 h.Tetrazolium
dye MTT 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay
was applied into 96 wells plate and then counted the live cells by ELISA plate
reader. The cell viability was compared against the positive control (10%
DMSO) and negative control (cells with 10% FBS) to evaluate the Afp1m
containing cryomedia against standard cryopreservative DMSO and cells
without any cryopreservative (10% FBS). High concentration of 10 mg/mL
showed the highest recovered cell viability followed by 5 mg/mL at -10°C.
The changes in the percentage of viability in different concentrations (10, 5,
2, 1 and 0.5 mg/mL) were increased from 82.65% to 151.45%, 87.29% to
145.93%, 68.89% to 78.37%, 65.81% to 69.81%, and 65.85% ± 59.53%.
Afp1m concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/mL resulted significantly high (p<0.05)
number of viable cells as compared to 2, 1, and 0.5 mg/mL who achieved
lower cell viability and survival rate at -10 and -20°C.
DNA damage was determined after cryopreservation of M. dunni Clone III8C
cell line with the cryomedia containing different concentrations of Afp1m at -
10 and -20 °C. The number of AP sites was compared between Afp1m
cryopreserved cells with positive control (10% DMSO) cryopreserved cells
and H2O2 treated cells to determine the level of DNA damage. After
vitrification no significant difference was observed in DNA integrity of 10, 5,
and 2 mg/mL with DMSO cryopreserved cells at -10 °C at 24 h. At -20 °C,
the DNA integrity was damaged (p<0.01) at concentrations of 2, 1 and 0.5
mg/mL Afp1m. The DNA damage was very much similar to the H2O2 treated
cells i.e. higher AP sites were formed which may indicate irreversible
damage to the cells cryopreserved at -20 °C.
This study also described the damages caused by subzero temperatures (-
10 and -20°C) on tissue cryopreserved in different concentrations of Afp1m
(0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10 mg/mL) for72 h. Histological scores of three regions in
cryopreserved skin grafts, i.e. epidermis, dermis and hypodermis showed
highly significant differences among the different concentrations at -10 and -
20°C. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination on tissues
cryopreserved in 2, 5 and 10mg/mL concentrations of Afp1m showed
cryodamage in the cells and tissues of the skin graft with less ultra-structural
tissue alterations at -10 °C as compared to -20°C. To further support the present findings, cryopreserved skin grafts were
assessed by applying four biomarkers, i.e. transforming growth factors (TGF-
α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), sodium, Hydrogen Na(+) H(+)
exchanger (NHE-1) and anion exchanger (AE2) to characterize their
expressions in viable skin grafts. These biomarker antibodies demonstrated
that different concentrations of Afp1m at -20 °C were ineffective freezing
regime. The overall trends were observed in all concentrations
cryopreserved at -20 °C and at lower concentrations 0.5,1 and 2mg/mL at -
10 °C showed low level of TGF α /VEGF and NHE1 /AE2 expressions as
compared to the higher concentrations (5 and 10 mg/mL) at -10 °C.
In conclusion, the integrity of skin graft layers, i.e. epidermis, dermis and
hypodermis cryopreserved with lower concentrations of Afp1m (0.5, 1 and 2
mg/mL) or at -20 °C did not totally restored the three layers. Various changes
in the microstructural morphology as well immunohistochemical reaction in
epithelial layers, vascular endothelial cells in blood vessels and glandular
ducts showed mild expressions. The present study attested that Afp1m is a
good cryoprotective agent for the cryopreservation of skin graft. Higher
Afp1m concentrations (5 and 10 mg/mL) at -10 °C found to be suitable for
future in vivo study using Sprague dewily (SD) rat skin grafts. For further in
vitro studies 5 mg/mL of Afp1m cryomedium can be optimized to investigate
the suitability of the cryomedium to cryopreserve different tissues and organs
at subzero temperatures besides the skin that have been studied in the present work
Modelling the Reliability of Cement Sheath Data with the Poly-Exponential Weibull Distribution
No full textThe objective of this study is to assess the applicability of the three-parameter Poly-Exponential Weibull distribution for modelling the reliability of cement sheath data, specifically based on Vickers hardness measurements (MPa). This research explores the theoretical properties of the Poly-Exponential Weibull distribution, including the derivation of its quantile function, incomplete moments, Rényi and q-entropies, mean deviations, and the Bonferroni and Lorenz curves. Parameter estimation is performed using the method of maximum likelihood. The findings suggest that the Poly-Exponential Weibull model offers a promising alternative to existing models in the literature, particularly for handling highly skewed reliability data
Transmuted families of lifetime distributions with mixture and covariates regression modelling to analyse survival data
No full textThis thesis develops and presents new families of transmuted lifetime distributions with covariates regression modelling for reliability and life-testing experiments. The main idea of this thesis is the quadratic rank transmutation map (QRTM) technique, used to generate a new flexible family of lifetime distributions. Chapter 1, describes the different generalised families of lifetime distributions used in this thesis. It also outlines the general framework of transmuted distributions, and provides a review of the current literature on related families of distributions. The work presented in this thesis is divided into 15 independent chapters. In chapter 2, we investigate the potential usefulness of the three parameter transmuted Weibull distribution for modelling survival data with several mathematical properties of this model. We also propose a location-scale regression model based on the log-transmuted Weibull distribution for modelling lifetime data. In chapter 3, we explore the potential usefulness of the three parameter transmuted generalised exponential distribution for analysing lifetime data. Several mathematical properties of this model are investigated. We also propose a location-scale regression model, based on the log-transmuted generalised exponential distribution. In chapter 4, we examine the transmuted Kumaraswamy (TKw) distribution. A comprehensive account of the mathematical properties of the new distribution is provided with two applications. In chapter 5, the same approach is used to study the transmuted Gompertz distribution for modelling lifetime data. Various structural properties of the transmuted Gompertz model are investigated including estimation of the parameters using maximum likelihood and evaluation of the performance of MLE using simulation. In chapter 6, we investigate the potential usefulness of the three parameter transmuted Burr type X (TBX) distribution for modelling reliability data and explore its structural properties using simulation. We also propose a location-scale regression model based on the log-TBX distribution for modelling lifetime data. In chapter 7, we introduce the three parameter transmuted Rayleigh distribution with an application to fatigue fracture data. In chapter 8, we introduce and study the transmuted Chen distribution for modelling reliability data. Various structural properties of the proposed model are derived. In chapter 9, we develop the transmuted inverse Weibull distribution with application to bladder cancer data. In chapter 10, we propose and study the transmuted exponentiated Chen distribution with two applications. We studied the important features and characteristics of the proposed model using simulation. In chapter 11, we introduce the four parameter transmuted generalized Gompertz distribution with some general statistical properties. In chapter 12, we investigate the potential usefulness of the transmuted new generalized Weibull distribution for modeling lifetime data. This distribution is an important competitive model which contains twenty three lifetime distributions as special cases. The method of maximum likelihood is used for estimating the model parameters. In chapter 13, we introduce the transmuted Kumaraswamy (TKw) G-family for modelling life testing problems. The new extended family is obtained by using the quadratic rank transmutation map method, which possesses the bathtub shape for its hazard rate. We illustrate the potentiality of the new family with two applications to the failure and service times of Aircraft windshield data. In chapter 14, we study the transmuted Kumaraswamy Weibull distribution by using quadratic rank transmutation map technique for modelling reliability data. The proposed model contains the seventeen distributions as the special sub-models. We also propose a location-scale regression model based on the transmuted log-Kumaraswamy Weibull distribution for modelling survival data. We discuss estimation of the model parameters by the method of maximum likelihood and provide two applications to illustrate the potentiality of the transmuted Kumaraswamy Weibull family of lifetime distributions. Chapter 15 comprises the conclusions and suggestions for future work
Transmuted Modified Inverse Weibull distribution: Properties and application
No full textThis paper examines the potential usefulness of the transmuted modified inverse Weibull distribution. This four-parameter distribution holds eleven life time distributions as special cases. Theoretical properties of the transmuted modified inverse Weibull distribution are studied; which includes the quantile, median, entropy, mean deviations, mean, geometric mean and harmonic mean. The estimation of parameters is obtained by using the method of maximumlikelihood. An application to real dataset is provided to show the better fit of the transmuted modified inverse Weibull distribution
Modified Inverse Weibull Distribution
No full textA generalized version of four parameter modified inverse weibull distribution (MIWD) is introduced in this paper. This distribution generalizes the following distributions: (1) Modified Inverse exponential distribution, (2) Modified Inverse Rayleigh distribution, (3) Inverse weibull distribution. We provide a comprehensive description of the mathematical properties of the modified inverse weibull distribution along with its reliability behaviour. We derive the moments, moment generating function and examine the order statistics. We propose the method of maximum likelihood for estimating the model parameters and obtain the observed information matrix
- …
