1,720,957 research outputs found
Posttraumatic stress and worry as mediators and moderators between political stressors and emotional and behavioral disorders in Palestinian children
No full textThis study was designed to assess whether the symptoms of posttraumatic stress mediate or moderate the relationship between political stressors and emotional and behavioral disorders in Palestinian children. It was hypothesized that (a) posttraumatic stress and worry mediate the effect of political stressors on behavioral and emotional disorders and (b) the relationship between political stressors and behavioral and emotional disorders should be attenuated for children with low levels of worry and posttraumatic stress and strengthened for children with high levels of worry and posttraumatic stress. The total sample was 1267 school age children of both sexes with a mean age of 11.97 years. Interviews were conducted with children at school. As hypothesized, the results indicated that posttraumatic stress and worry mediated and moderated the relationship between political stressors and emotional and behavioral disorders in children. Cognitive-behavioral therapy may be used to reduce the incidence of posttraumatic stress and decrease self-reported worry, somatic symptoms, general anxiety, and depression among children exposed to political trauma. Cognitive-behavioral treatment that exclusively targets excessive worry can lead to clinical change in the other interacting subsystems at the cognitive, physiological, affective and behavioral levels. © 2012 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.Aiken L., 1991, MULTIPLE REGRESSION; Almqvist K, 1999, J AM ACAD CHILD PSY, V38, P723, DOI 10.1097-00004583-199906000-00020; American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT; BARON RM, 1986, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V51, P1173, DOI 10.1037-0022-3514.51.6.1173; Borkovec T. D., 1999, COMPREHENSIVE CLIN P, V4, P439; BORKOVEC TD, 1993, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V61, P611, DOI 10.1037-0022-006X.61.4.611; Breslau N, 2000, BIOL PSYCHIAT, V48, P902, DOI 10.1016-S0006-3223(00)00933-1; Cloitre M, 2009, J TRAUMA STRESS, V22, P399, DOI 10.1002-jts.20444; Diefenbach GJ, 2001, DEPRESS ANXIETY, V14, P247, DOI 10.1002-da.1075; Dorahy MJ, 2009, J AFFECT DISORDERS, V112, P71, DOI 10.1016-j.jad.2008.04.003; Dugas MJ, 1997, COGNITIVE THER RES, V21, P593, DOI 10.1023-A:1021890322153; Elbedour S, 2007, CHILD ABUSE NEGLECT, V31, P719, DOI 10.1016-j.chiabu.2005.09.006; Garmezy N, 1985, CHILD ADOL PSYCH CL, P152; Gilbertson MW, 2001, J TRAUMA STRESS, V14, P413, DOI 10.1023-A:1011181305501; Goodman R, 1997, J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC, V38, P581, DOI 10.1111-j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x; Grych JH, 2000, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V68, P84, DOI 10.1037--0022-006X.68.1.84; Hoagwood KE, 2007, J AM ACAD CHILD PSY, V46, P773, DOI 10.1097-chi.0b013e3180413def; Hoagwood KE, 2007, J CLIN CHILD ADOLESC, V36, P581; Horowitz M. J., 1979, PSYCHOSOM MED, V41, P207; Johansson P, 2007, CLIN PSYCHOL PSYCHOT, V14, P1, DOI 10.1002-cpp.514; Khamis V, 2008, SOC SCI MED, V67, P1199, DOI 10.1016-j.socscimed.2008.06.013; KHAMIS V, 1993, BEHAV MED, V19, P93; KHAMIS V, 1993, J TRAUMA STRESS, V6, P555, DOI 10.1002-jts.2490060411; Khamis V, 2005, CHILD ABUSE NEGLECT, V29, P81, DOI 10.1016-j.chiabu.2004.06.013; Khamis V, 1998, SOC SCI MED, V46, P1033, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(97)10032-6; Khamis V., 2000, POLITICAL VIOLENCE P; Kivisto AJ, 2009, J TRAUMA STRESS, V22, P344, DOI 10.1002-jts.20425; Ladouceur R, 2000, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V68, P957, DOI 10.1037-0022-006X.68.6.957; Litz BT, 2002, CLIN PSYCHOL-SCI PR, V9, P112, DOI 10.1093-clipsy-9.2.112; MALMQUIST CP, 1986, J AM ACAD CHILD PSY, V25, P320, DOI 10.1016-S0002-7138(09)60253-3; Masten AS, 2001, AM PSYCHOL, V56, P227, DOI 10.1037--0003-066X.56.3.227; MATHEWS A, 1990, BEHAV RES THER, V28, P455, DOI 10.1016-0005-7967(90)90132-3; McNally RJ, 2003, PSYCHOL SCI PUBLIC I, V4, P45, DOI [DOI 10.1111-1529-1006.01421, 10.1111-1529-1006.01421]; Meewisse M. L., 2005, J TRAUMA STRESS, V4, P299; MEYER TJ, 1990, BEHAV RES THER, V28, P487, DOI 10.1016-0005-7967(90)90135-6; Muris P, 2001, J BEHAV THER EXP PSY, V32, P63, DOI 10.1016-S0005-7916(01)00022-2; Sachinvala N, 2000, J NERV MENT DIS, V188, P818, DOI 10.1097-00005053-200012000-00005; Taft CT, 2007, J ABNORM PSYCHOL, V116, P498, DOI 10.1037-0021-843X.116.3.498; Thabet AAM, 2002, LANCET, V359, P1801, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(02)08709-3; Thabet AAM, 2004, J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC, V45, P533, DOI 10.1111-j.1469-7610.2004.00243.x; Vasterling JJ, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V16, P5, DOI 10.1037--0894-4105.16.1.5; Wells A., 1994, ATTENTION EMOTION CL; Yates TM, 2003, DEV PSYCHOPATHOL, V15, P199, DOI 10.1017-S0954579403000117; Yilmaz E., 2008, CLIN PSYCHOL PSYCHOT, V15, P424; Yule W., 1994, INT HDB PHOBIC ANXIE, P223; ZILBERG NJ, 1982, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V50, P407, DOI 10.1037-0022-006X.50.3.40712
Stressors, family environment and coping styles as predictors of educational and psychosocial adjustment in Palestinian children
No full textThis study investigated the contributions of child and parents' sociodemographics, daily stressors, family environment, and coping strategies, to academic achievement, cognitive functioning and aggression in a sample of 600 children at the intermediate grade levels from Gaza Strip. Each of the predictor variables exhibited a different pattern of relations with the outcome domains. Although the study highlights the negative consequences of stress on children's development, certain daily stressors had a positive effect. Optimal family relationships predicted better developmental outcomes. More emphasis on personal growth, control and organisation in the family predicted less optimal child development except for personal growth and achievement. More reliance on positive coping and less reliance on negative coping is associated with better academic achievement. The clinical and research implications of the findings are discussed. © 2013 Taylor and Francis.Achenbach TM, 2001, MANUAL ASEBA SCH AGE; Barrera M. A., 1981, SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCI, P69; BOGENSCHNEIDER K, 1994, SOCIOL EDUC, V67, P60, DOI 10.2307-2112750; Bongers IL, 2003, J ABNORM PSYCHOL, V112, P179, DOI 10.1037-0021-843X.112.2.179; Bradley RH, 2005, DEV PSYCHOL, V41, P89, DOI 10.1037-0012-1649.41.1.89; Bronfenbrenner U., 1979, ECOLOGY HUMAN DEV EX; Cairns E., 2001, INT ENCY SOCIAL BEHA, P16360; Causey D., 1993, PREVENTION SCH TRANS, P59; Compas BE, 2001, PSYCHOL BULL, V127, P87, DOI 10.1037--0033-2909.127.1.87; Cummings M., 2009, CLIN CHILD FAM PSYCH, V12, P16; Eisenberg N, 2005, CHILD DEV, V76, P1055, DOI 10.1111-j.1467-8624.2005.00897.x; Evans GW, 2002, CHILD DEV, V73, P1238, DOI 10.1111-1467-8624.00469; Folkman S, 1997, SOC SCI MED, V45, P1207, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(97)00040-3; Gelhaar T, 2007, EUR J DEV PSYCHOL, V4, P129, DOI 10.1080-17405620600831564; Hinkle D. E., 2003, APPL STAT BEHAV SCI; Khamis V, 2012, SOC SCI MED, V74, P2005, DOI 10.1016-j.socscimed.2012.02.025; Khamis V., 2000, POLITICAL VIOLENCE P; Kiser L. J., 2010, TRAUMATOLOGY, V16, P33, DOI [10.1177-1534765609358466, DOI 10.1177-1534765609358466]; KURDEK LA, 1988, J EDUC PSYCHOL, V80, P90, DOI 10.1037-0022-0663.80.1.90; La Greca A. M., 2001, ANXIETY DISORDERS CH, P159; Lazarus R. S., 1984, STRESS APPRAISAL COP; Li H, 2008, DEMOGRAPHY, V45, P223, DOI 10.1353-dem.2008.0006; Lugo-Gil J, 2008, CHILD DEV, V79, P1065, DOI 10.1111-j.1467-8624.2008.01176.x; McLoyd VC, 1998, AM PSYCHOL, V53, P185, DOI 10.1037-0003-066X.53.2.185; Merton R. K., 1957, SOCIAL THEORY SOCIAL; Moos B., 2002, FAMILY ENV SCALE; Morales JR, 2006, CHILD DEV, V77, P907, DOI 10.1111-j.1467-8624.2006.00910.x; Palestinian Centre for Human Rights (PCHR), 2008, POV GAZ STRIP; Pearlin L., 1993, HDB STRESS THEORETIC, P303; Poulin M, 2008, PSYCHOL AGING, V23, P13, DOI 10.1037-0882-7974.23.1.13; Punamaki RL, 2001, J COMMUNITY PSYCHOL, V29, P281, DOI 10.1002-jcop.1018; Rogers KN, 2003, J EARLY ADOLESCENCE, V23, P349, DOI 10.1177-0272431603258344; Schroeder VM, 2009, J CHILD FAM STUD, V18, P227, DOI 10.1007-s10826-008-9223-0; Seery MD, 2010, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V99, P1025, DOI 10.1037-a0021344; SPIRITO A, 1988, J PEDIATR PSYCHOL, V13, P555, DOI 10.1093-jpepsy-13.4.555; Wadsworth M. E., 2005, J CHILD FAM STUD, V14, P283, DOI DOI 10.1007-S10826-005-5056-211
Attention-deficit and hyperactivity among school-age United Arab Emirates children
No full textThe prevalence of ADHD was studied among 200 UAE school-age children. Variables that distinguish ADHD and non-ADHD children were examined, including child characteristics, parents' sociodemographics, socioeconomic status, family environment, and parental style of influence. Results indicated that 12.5 percent of the children had ADHD symptomatology, and that the prevalence ratio varied across the three ADHD subtypes, with the following rates; 1.5 percent for the combined type, 7.5 percent for the inattentive type, and 3.5 percent for the hyperactive-impulsive type. The results of the logistic regressions indicated that ADHD inattentive type was positively associated with gender, and harsh discipline. Children with ADHD inattentive type were predominately males and were more likely to experience harsh disciplining compared to children without ADHD. On the other hand, none of the child characteristics, parent's sociodemographics, family environment and parenting were significant predictors of ADHD hyperactivity-impulsivity type. The clinical and policy implications of the findings are discussed
Psychosocial adjustment in siblings of children with war-related injuries
No full textThe study assessed the prevalence and predictors of post-traumatic symptomatology and emotional and behavioral difficulties in siblings of children who incurred war-related injuries. It was predicted that injury severity, gender and attributional style would account for a significant amount of the variance in post-traumatic stress symptoms and emotional and behavioral difficulties in those siblings. The sample consisted of 406 siblings of both genders with a mean age of 12.50 years. The results indicated that injury severity, gender and attributional style were related to emotional and behavioral difficulties and symptoms of post-traumatic stress, except for gender and post-traumatic stress.Siblings of children with severe injury appeared to be at greater risk for intrusive thoughts and avoidance as well as emotional and behavioral difficulties. Females exhibited more emotional and behavioral problems than did males. Siblings with more maladaptive attributional styles endorsed more emotional-behavioral problems and symptoms of post-traumatic stress. Techniques for strengthening coping abilities designed to enhance cognitive control may be used with siblings at risk, particularly females and siblings of children who sustained a severe injury. Treatments such as trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy may incur positive results
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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