10 research outputs found
OTOMATISASI LINE KEMASAN Amunisi UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PROSES PRODUKSI Amunisi KALIBER KECIL (MU-5TJ) DI PT. PINDAD
No full textTechnology development in the defense industry is directed at building the ability to produce Alpalhankam that meets the operational requirements standardized by the Ministry of Defense, namely high quality, weather resistance, accuracy, combat power, high speed and difficult to detect. PT Pindad as a State-Owned Enterprise engaged in the Defense Industry is capable of making quality munitions, but the packaging line for small caliber munitions is still done manually. Therefore, it is necessary to automate the munition packaging line. In this research, the author conducted research using quantitative research methods through the Feasibility Study approach. The results and objectives of this study accelerate the packaging process on the small caliber munitions production line which was originally partly done semi-manually to use full machine automation and be able to support production so as to accelerate the fulfillment of small caliber munitions demand. The steps that are considered necessary are by investing in machines to increase the ability to package small caliber munitions and minimize the occurrence of errors in the munition packaging processPengembangan teknologi di bidang industri pertahanan diarahkan untuk membangun kemampuan menghasilkan Kekuatan Pertahanan dan Keamanan yang memenuhi persyaratan operasional yang distandarkan Kementerian Pertahanan, yaitu mempunyai kualitas tinggi, tahan cuaca, akurat, daya serang, kecepatan tinggi dan sulit dideteksi. PT Pindad sebagai Badan Usaha Milik Negara yang bergerak di bidang Industri Pertahanan mampu memproduksi amunisi yang berkualitas, namun jalur pengemasan amunisi kaliber kecil masih dilakukan secara manual. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan otomasi pada lini pengemasan amunisi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempercepat proses pengemasan pada lini produksi munisi kaliber kecil yang semula sebagian dilakukan secara semi manual dengan menggunakan otomatisasi mesin penuh dan mampu menunjang produksi sehingga mempercepat pemenuhan permintaan munisi kaliber kecil. . Langkah yang dipandang perlu adalah dengan melakukan investasi mesin untuk meningkatkan kemampuan proses pengemasan munisi kaliber kecil dan meminimalisir terjadinya kesalahan dalam proses pengemasan munisi
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN PEGAWAI BERDASARKAN BEBAN KERJA DI PT PINDAD (PERSERO) DIVISI MUNISI SUBDEPARTEMEN ADMINISTRASI PERSONIL
No full textJika membutuhkan abstrak atau isi jurnal silahkan menghubungi author melalui email [email protected], [email protected]
Spatio-temporal modelling of routine health facility data for malaria risk micro-stratification in mainland Tanzania
Get PDFAbstract As malaria transmission declines, the need to monitor the heterogeneity of malaria risk at finer scales becomes critical to guide community-based targeted interventions. Although routine health facility (HF) data can provide epidemiological evidence at high spatial and temporal resolution, its incomplete nature of information can result in lower administrative units without empirical data. To overcome geographic sparsity of data and its representativeness, geo-spatial models can leverage routine information to predict risk in un-represented areas as well as estimate uncertainty of predictions. Here, a Bayesian spatio-temporal model was applied on malaria test positivity rate (TPR) data for the period 2017–2019 to predict risks at the ward level, the lowest decision-making unit in mainland Tanzania. To quantify the associated uncertainty, the probability of malaria TPR exceeding programmatic threshold was estimated. Results showed a marked spatial heterogeneity in malaria TPR across wards. 17.7 million people resided in areas where malaria TPR was high (≥ 30; 90% certainty) in the North-West and South-East parts of Tanzania. Approximately 11.7 million people lived in areas where malaria TPR was very low (< 5%; 90% certainty). HF data can be used to identify different epidemiological strata and guide malaria interventions at micro-planning units in Tanzania. These data, however, are imperfect in many settings in Africa and often require application of geo-spatial modelling techniques for estimation
Enhancing council health teams on using malaria risk maps for supporting decentralised Malaria control planning in mainland Tanzania
Get PDFThe use of routine health facility data for micro-stratification of malaria risk in mainland Tanzania
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Current efforts to estimate the spatially diverse malaria burden in malaria-endemic countries largely involve the use of epidemiological modelling methods for describing temporal and spatial heterogeneity using sparse interpolated prevalence data from periodic cross-sectional surveys. However, more malaria-endemic countries are beginning to consider local routine data for this purpose. Nevertheless, routine information from health facilities (HFs) remains widely under-utilized despite improved data quality, including increased access to diagnostic testing and the adoption of the electronic District Health Information System (DHIS2). This paper describes the process undertaken in mainland Tanzania using routine data to develop a high-resolution, micro-stratification risk map to guide future malaria control efforts. METHODS: Combinations of various routine malariometric indicators collected from 7098 HFs were assembled across 3065 wards of mainland Tanzania for the period 2017–2019. The reported council-level prevalence classification in school children aged 5–16 years (PfPR(5–16)) was used as a benchmark to define four malaria risk groups. These groups were subsequently used to derive cut-offs for the routine indicators by minimizing misclassifications and maximizing overall agreement. The derived-cutoffs were converted into numbered scores and summed across the three indicators to allocate wards into their overall risk stratum. RESULTS: Of 3065 wards, 353 were assigned to the very low strata (10.5% of the total ward population), 717 to the low strata (28.6% of the population), 525 to the moderate strata (16.2% of the population), and 1470 to the high strata (39.8% of the population). The resulting micro-stratification revealed malaria risk heterogeneity within 80 councils and identified wards that would benefit from community-level focal interventions, such as community-case management, indoor residual spraying and larviciding. CONCLUSION: The micro-stratification approach employed is simple and pragmatic, with potential to be easily adopted by the malaria programme in Tanzania. It makes use of available routine data that are rich in spatial resolution and that can be readily accessed allowing for a stratification of malaria risk below the council level. Such a framework is optimal for supporting evidence-based, decentralized malaria control planning, thereby improving the effectiveness and allocation efficiency of malaria control interventions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12936-022-04364-7
Corporate Boards and Ownership Structure as Antecedents of Corporate Governance Disclosure in Saudi Arabian Publicly Listed Corporations
Get PDFWe investigate whether and to what extent publicly listed corporations voluntarily comply with and disclose recommended good corporate governance (CG) practices, and distinctively examine whether the observed cross-sectional differences in such CG disclosures can be explained by ownership and board mechanisms with specific focus on Saudi Arabia. Our results suggest that corporations with larger boards, a big-four auditor, higher government ownership, a CG committee and higher institutional ownership disclose considerably more than those that are not. By contrast, we find that an increase in block ownership significantly reduces CG disclosure. Our results are generally robust to a number of econometric models that control for different types of disclosure indices, firm-specific characteristics and firm-level fixed-effects. Our results have important implications for policy-makers, practitioners and regulatory authorities, especially those in developing countries across the globe
Additional file 2 of The use of routine health facility data for micro-stratification of malaria risk in mainland Tanzania
No full textAdditional file 2: Table S3. Shows the proportion of heterogeneity per council
Additional file 1 of The use of routine health facility data for micro-stratification of malaria risk in mainland Tanzania
No full textAdditional file 1. Additional tables, text and figures
Disentangling patterns of community malaria transmission and burden using malaria prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal care: a modelling study
No full textBackground Malaria prevalence measured among pregnant women at first antenatal care (ANC1) provides longitudinal estimates of malaria burden in pregnancy and correlates well with cross-sectional community prevalence, but additional analysis is required to estimate community incidence. We aimed to test whether ANC1-based malaria prevalence can, via an open-source, mechanistic, model-based framework, recover seasonal patterns of clinical incidence suitable for sub-regional programmatic decision-making.
Methods We conducted a modelling study using monthly ANC1 malaria prevalence data from six previously published studies of malaria in pregnancy in six sub-Saharan African countries between May 2010 and August 2014. An extended, validated, age-structured malaria transmission model was fitted to monthly ANC1 malaria prevalence using particle Markov Chain Monte Carlo (pMCMC) to infer monthly clinical incidence and seasonality metrics. Agreement between model-derived incidence and independently observed time series was assessed using Markham Seasonality Index (MSI) and peak timing with concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Findings Across the six ISTp datasets, total ANC1 sample sizes and positivity were: Ghana 622/1298 (47.9%); Burkina Faso 592/1413 (41.9%); Mali, 284/1308 (21.7%); The Gambia 105/1194 (8.8%); Kenya 323/1528 (21.1%); and Malawi 291/1825 (15.9%). Strong agreement was observed between model-derived incidence and independent cohort data for MSI (CCC = 0.82; 95% CI 0.31–0.97) and for peak timing (CCC = 0.98; 95% CI 0.87–0.997).
Interpretation A mechanistic pMCMC framework applied to routine ANC1 data can recover clinically relevant seasonality in incidence for the broader community, enabling sub-regional timing of seasonal interventions (like seasonal malaria chemoprevention). These capabilities are especially valuable where high-quality case surveillance is limited, and household surveys are under-funded. Our work operationalises recent World Health Organization guidance highlighting ANC1 as an opportunity to strengthen malaria surveillance.
Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-005289); MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis (reference MR/X020258/1
Abstracts of Tanzania Health Summit 2020
Get PDFThis book contains the abstracts of the papers/posters presented at the Tanzania Health Summit 2020 (THS-2020) Organized by the Ministry of Health Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC); President Office Regional Administration and Local Government (PORALG); Ministry of Health, Social Welfare, Elderly, Gender, and Children Zanzibar; Association of Private Health Facilities in Tanzania (APHFTA); National Muslim Council of Tanzania (BAKWATA); Christian Social Services Commission (CSSC); & Tindwa Medical and Health Services (TMHS) held on 25–26 November 2020. The Tanzania Health Summit is the annual largest healthcare platform in Tanzania that attracts more than 1000 participants, national and international experts, from policymakers, health researchers, public health professionals, health insurers, medical doctors, nurses, pharmacists, private health investors, supply chain experts, and the civil society. During the three-day summit, stakeholders and decision-makers from every field in healthcare work together to find solutions to the country’s and regional health challenges and set the agenda for a healthier future.
Summit Title: Tanzania Health SummitSummit Acronym: THS-2020Summit Date: 25–26 November 2020Summit Location: St. Gasper Hotel and Conference Centre in Dodoma, TanzaniaSummit Organizers: Ministry of Health Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC); President Office Regional Administration and Local Government (PORALG); Ministry of Health, Social Welfare, Elderly, Gender and Children Zanzibar; Association of Private Health Facilities in Tanzania (APHFTA); National Muslim Council of Tanzania (BAKWATA); Christian Social Services Commission (CSSC); & Tindwa Medical and Health Services (TMHS)
