1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Co-activation of Wnt/β-catenin and c-MET induced inflamed hepatocellular carcinoma responsive to immune checkpoint therapy
Get PDFThis poster was presented at the 2025 Postdoctoral Appreciation Week event.Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the major form of liver cancer, is often detected at advanced and unresectable stages, making it one of the deadliest cancers in adults. The front-line treatment for unresectable advanced HCC involves immune checkpoint therapy (ICT), which shows complete response only in 20-30% of patients. Mutational activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway due to gain-of-function mutations in β-catenin gene (CTNNB1) is a major oncogenic event driving hepatocarcinogenesis accounting for about a third of HCC. However, oncogenic forms of β-catenin often cooperate with other oncogenes like c-MET, K-RAS, and AKT for tumor development and progression. For instance, activated β-catenin in HCC can induce the expression of c-MYC, which facilitates metabolic adaptation of HCC cells and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs). Several clinical and preclinical studies have shown that HCC tumors with CTNNB1 mutation are often less inflamed with limited immune cell infiltration making the tumors “immune-cold” and resistant to ICT. On the other hand, mutational activation of the Wnt/β-catenin also occurs in “immune-hot” HCC tumors suggesting that the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is co-regulated by other oncogenic events. Although, murine HCC tumors generated by hydrodynamic co-transfection of ΔN90-β-cat (a constitutively active β-catenin) and c-MYC are “immune-cold”, the events that cooperate with β-catenin activation leading to “immune-hot” tumors are unknown. In this study, we used hydrodynamic tail vein injection (HTVI) of plasmids expressing ΔN90-β-cat and c-MET to investigate their effect on HCC development, progression, and TIME. Immune-profiling of our ΔN90-β-cat and c-MET tumor model showed increased infiltration of PD-1+ cytotoxic T cells and Th1 cells, both of which are crucial for anti-tumor response. Although T cells were present in the tumor microenvironment, the upregulation of PD-1 indicates an exhausted state of T cells, permitting HCC progression. Therefore, we sought to reactivate the exhausted T-cells by checkpoint blockade with anti-PD1 treatment. The preliminary data from these ongoing studies show that anti-PD1 antibody treated mice show significant tumor regression (or stabilization) compared to those treated with isotype control antibodies as indicated by lower levels of plasma alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a biomarker of HCC. Complete data including liver weight, tumor volume, and immune infiltration status will be presented at the completion of the study. Our findings so far indicate that HCC tumors formed by combination of ΔN90-β-cat and c-MET are “immune-hot” and respond to ICT. Therefore, co-activation of c-MET and β-catenin could serve as biomarkers for HCC patient inclusion in ICT.Cell Systems and AnatomyImmunology and MicrobiologyTransplant Cente
DEMOCRATIZATION OF CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS IN NEPAL AND EL SALVADOR
Get PDFThis comparative case-study analysis of reform in democratization of civil-military relations (CMR) in post conflict Nepal after 2006 and El Salvador after 1992 focuses on the transitional democratic phase in which progress in democratization of CMR is instrumental in achieving the overall democratic transition.The reform is assessed by the application of a six-dimensional framework for reform in democratization of CMR proposed by Pion-Berlin and Martinez, which consists of power, legal framework, institutions, knowledge, convergence, and performance/effectiveness as six vital dimensions that need to be examined under various components and sub-components. The analysis suggests that the progress achieved for all dimensions is mixed, ranging from minimal to substantial. Both the countries have achieved moderate reforms in most of the examined components under all dimensions, however. Based on the analysis, this thesis concludes that each of the countries is in the transitioning democratic phase. Progress is gradual, yet on the right path toward eventual consolidation of democracy by first reforming the democratization of the CMR. Overall, the study of Nepal showcases a better outcome so far than El Salvador.Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.LTC, Nepal Arm
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
