221 research outputs found
"The Return of Big Government--Policy Advice for President Obama"
No full textIn the current global financial crisis, economists and policymakers have reembraced Big Government as a means of preventing the reoccurrence of a debt-deflation depression. The danger, however, is that policy may not downsize finance and replace money manager capitalism. According to Senior Scholar L. Randall Wray, we need a permanently larger fiscal presence, with more public services. His advice to President Obama is to discard all of former Treasury Secretary Paulson's actions. Wray believes that we can afford any necessary spending and bailouts, and that these actions will not burden our grandchildren.
Global Partnership in Field Training & Community Outreach Education: Promoting Conservation Biology and Global Health
No full textGlobal Partnership in Field Training & Community Outreach Education: Promoting Conservation Biology and Global Healt
Free banking : the Scottish experience as a model for emerging economies
No full textThe notion of free banking is at least as difficult to define as the notion of central banking. The author focuses on a relatively unregulated banking system that operated in Scotland in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. He argues that a relatively unregulated system is a wise option for emerging markets today. In terms of private institutions and monitoring: 1) a private clearing system is feasible; and 2) so are private development and enforcement of capital and liquidity standards. Financial institutions have strong private incentives to create their own clearingsystem, to benefit both banks and the public, and will develop standards for capital, liquidity and prudential management by doing so. Competition is generally compatible with prudence and coordination. There are private alternatives to deposit insurance or to a central bank to maintain confidence in and foster the stability of the financial system: 1) sophisticated note and deposit contracts are feasible; 2) free entry is important to encourage innovation; and 3) branching and portfolio diversification can substitute for deposit insurance to stabilize the banking system. So can"extended"liability. Another alternative is the"option clause"or other contingent or equity-like contracts, which can solve or minimize the problem of bank runs. Therefore, an explicit central bank may not be needed, but rather mechanisms to provide added liquidity, perhaps through the clearing system, in times of trouble.Financial Intermediation,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Banks&Banking Reform,Financial Crisis Management&Restructuring,Labor Policies,Education for the Knowledge Economy,Banks&Banking Reform,Financial Intermediation,Financial Crisis Management&Restructuring,Economic Theory&Research
Religion and the Drama of Some Modern English Playwrights
No full textiii, 55 p.The author addresses the question "Why is religious drama so often bad drama?" by contrasting plays where religious themes develop naturally from the actions of the characters with those that are overtly doctrinaire or didactic. The author discusses works by T. S. Eliot, Christopher Fry, Graham Greene, Dorothy Sayers, Philip Turner, and Charles Williams
Jesus Christ, the 'Prince of pilgrims' : a critical analysis of the ontological, functional, and exegetical christologies in the sermons, writings, and lectures of Charles Haddon Spurgeon (1834-1892)
No full textThis thesis centers on the doctrine of Christ in the theology of Charles Haddon
Spurgeon through the lens of Spurgeon’s highly developed metaphor, that of Jesus
Christ, the “Prince of pilgrims.” That no scholarly work has thus analyzed or surveyed
Spurgeon’s ontological, functional, and exegetical Christologies warrants continued
contribution to the field of scholarship. Though not a systematician, Spurgeon stood
in direct theological continuity with his Nonconformist Puritan predecessors and
transmitted a highly developed Christology that was Chalcedonian in creed and
Alexandrian in style. This thesis positions Spurgeon’s Christology against the
backdrop of a complex Victorian religious context that, through the use of scientific
enquiry, sought to recover the full humanity of Christ. Though reacting against
modern conclusions concerning the person, natures, and work of Christ, Spurgeon
also sought to recover Christ’s humanity, though his theological presuppositions stood
in marked contradistinction to the spirit of the age. Particular attention is given to
Spurgeon’s utilization of an allegorical hermeneutic to the end that his vernacular, at
times, potentially deviates from traditional, orthodox Christological teachings. The
scope of this research is a survey of Spurgeon’s Christology by way of his sermons,
published writings, lectures, and letters. The purpose of this study is to analyze
Spurgeon’s doctrine of Christ in the context of the wider theological tradition through
an investigation of his allegorical and innovative rhetoric
The rise of securities markets : what can government do?
No full textUsing U.S. securities markets as a case history, the author explores the role securities markets play in economic development, how they emerge, and how regulation can make them more effective. Why the United States? Two centuries ago, it was a small undeveloped country with serious financial problems. It confronted those problems and, guided by Alexander Hamilton, creatively reformed its financial system, which then became a foundation of the U.S. economic infrastructure and a bulwark for long-term growth. When Hamilton's program established public credit and securitiesmarkets in the 1790s, U.S. citizens were immediately able to borrow from older, richer countries. U.S. wealth then increased until, by the end of the nineteenth century, U.S. residents began to lend and invest more abroad than they borrowed. During the 1820s and 1830s, the United States (usually state governments) borrowed large sums from foreign investors to build roads, canals, and early railroads, to make other transportation improvements, and to capitalize state banks. From the 1830s to the end of the century, still larger sums from overseas went into private U.S. railway companies that provided cheap transcontinental transportation. Most of this borrowing took the form of state and corporate bond sales to overseas investors. The pristine U.S. government credit established by Hamilton thus rubbed off on U.S. state and corporate debt. The British stock market did better than the U.S. market until the United States adopted security-market regulation (including disclosuire rules) under the SEC. Then the U.S. market became a world leader. The U.S. stock market developed more slowly than the bond market, but it both aided and benefited from foreign investment in U.S. bonds. Foreign investors preferred debt securities to equities, yet equities create a safety margin for bondholders who, because of this margin, are more willing to purchase and hold bonds. Foreign investors preferred bonds; U.S. investors, after exporting bonds, held more stocks than bonds at home. Why? Because good stock markets permit the conversion of equity securities into cash.Environmental Economics&Policies,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Financial Intermediation,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Economic Theory&Research,Housing Finance,Insurance&Risk Mitigation,Financial Intermediation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research
Universal banking and the financing of industrial development
No full textIn universal banking, large banks operate extensive networks of branches, provide many different services, hold several claims on firms (including equity and debt), and participate directly in the corporate governance of firms that rely on the banks for funding or as insurance underwriters. In this paper, the author contrasts the cost of financing industrialization in the United States and in Germany during the second industrial revolution. He explains that large production is typical of modern industrial practice, so the lessons from that period apply broadly to contemporary developing countries. The second industrial revolution involved many new products and technologies. Firms were producing new goods in new ways on an unprecedented scale. Therefore, they needed quick access to heavy financing. Finance costs for industry were lower in Germany than in the United States, because U.S.regulations prevented the universal banking from which Germany benefited. High finance costs retarded U.S. realization of its full industrial potential. The potential to expand quickly and reap economies of scale was greater in German industrialization. The cost of industrial financing began to decline when institutional changes came about that increased the concentration of financial market transactions. In recent decades, a combination of macroeconomic distress, international competitive pressure, and the creative invention of new financial intermediaries has helped the U.S. financial system overcome the regulatory mandate of financial fragmentation.Financial Intermediation,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Banks&Banking Reform,Labor Policies,Decentralization,Banks&Banking Reform,Financial Intermediation,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Housing Finance
Walking on Water: Black America on the Eve of the Twenty-First Century
No full textBy Randall Kenan Knopf (Hardcover, $30.00, ISBN: 0679408274; Paperback, ISBN: 067973788X, 2/1999) A personal meditation in the guise of a search for the essential nature of the black community in America. Kenan, an award-winning writer (and author of the novel A Visitation of Spirits, 1992, etc.) travels across the country looking for what it means to be black. He interviews an eclectic assortment of people, interspersing the conversations with his own reflections, with discussions of relevant writings drawn primarily from the black intelligentsia, local history, and stream-of-consciousness observations about everything he confronts along the way. In the unlikely surroundings of Vermont and Maine, Kenan\u27s assumptions about black identity are challenged by Jack, an obviously white man who has grown up in and continues to live as a part of black culture. California would seem to be a more likely place to find the heart of the black community, and there, not surprisingly, Kenan confronts the movie industry. While his own reflections focus on the distortion of black reality represented on the screen, his conversation with Charles Burnett suggests more that distortion is a Hollywood reality across the board. This is a long book, and there are scores of such encounters with very interesting people. In the end, however, the interviews are sidebars; the presentation is first-person throughout, and as Kenan ultimately notes, what he presents is not a compilation of the thoughts of others, but rather my personal history of the last five years. What saves the volume from pretentiousness is that for the most part his personal musings merit reading and reflection. While his conclusion is predictable, it is also profound: there is no one element that defines the black American soul. Taking a close and serious look at black Americans unveil their essential individuality, Kenan ends up appreciating the diversity of black America rather than celebrating distinguishing characteristics. Definitely worth reading, even though its not always clear whether this is powerful introspection or self-indulgence. ―Copyright © 1999, Kirkus Associates, LP. All rights reserved.https://egrove.olemiss.edu/mwp_books/1443/thumbnail.jp
Factors affecting the relative fertility of males determined by heterospermic insemination in vivo and in vitro
No full textInsemination of females with mixed sperm from two or more males often results in a disproportionate number of offspring sired by each of the males. Why one male is relatively more fertile than another male as demonstrated by insemination of mixed sperm is not known. Fluorochrome labels were used to identify sperm from various strains of mice and these sperm were mixed and added to either zona pellucida-intact or zona free eggs in vitro or inseminated in vivo. Competing sperm from ICR and B6D2F1 males demonstrated that ICR males had a greater proportion of fertilizing sperm in vitro than did B6D2F1 males and was not affected by removing the egg vestments. The percentage of in vitro fertilizing ICR sperm, however, was greater than the proportion of fertilizing ICR sperm determined in vivo or the proportion of fetuses sired by each of the males. Competing sperm from ICR and C57BL/6N males demonstrated that ICR males had a greater proportion of fertilizing sperm in vitro and in vivo and was reduced in vitro by removing the cumulus and zona pellucida. Competing sperm preincubated for either 0 or 2 h under capacitating conditions could alter the percentage of fertilizing sperm from each of the three strains. The rate of fertilization was examined between 2 and 30 h after (homospermic) insemination with sperm from either ICR or B6D2Fl males in vitro or in vivo. No differences were observed between the two males. In addition, time of insemination relative to ovulation using ICR and C57BL/6N males tended to affect the proportion of offspring sired by each of the males.In conclusion the efficiency at which sperm from various males can penetrate the cumulus and zona pellucida may affect their relative fertility. The rate of sperm capacitation may influence their ability to penetrate these vestments. Other factors such as sperm survival and acrosomal enzyme content need to be investigated.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T14:00:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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When do special interests run rampant ? disentangling the role in banking crises of elections, incomplete information, and checks and balances
No full textThe author investigates the political determinants of government decisions that benefit special interest groups - especially government decisions to deal with banking crises. He finds that the better informed the voters, the more proximate elections, and the larger the number of political veto players ( conditional on the costs to voters of relevant policy decision), the smaller the government's fiscal transfer are to the financial sector and the less likely the government is to exercise forbearance in dealing with insolvent financial institutions. The results suggest that policies thatmight be appropriate for mitigating banking crises in the United States might be less effective in settings where voters are less informed, where elections are less competitive, and where there are fewer veto players, because in these settings checks and balances are missing. These policies include: a) Disseminating information about the costs of inefficient government decisions. b) Improving the structure of legislative regulatory oversight. c) Intervening early in insolvent banks. The author concludes that the more veto players there are, the less likely policies are to favor special interest groups (contrary to previous views). Moreover, the closer the elections, the less likely policies are to favor special interest groups.
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