343 research outputs found
Can the Subaltern ‘Do’ DH? A Reflection on the Challenges and Opportunities for the Digital Humanities
No full textThis is the accepted author manuscript of a chapter included in the forthcoming volume Global Debates in Digital Humanities (Fiormonte, D., Ricaurte, P. and Chaudhuri, S., eds., University of Minnesota Press, spring 2022. This chapter interrogates whether the digital humanities have fulfiled its "promise" , and argues that productive theoretical interrogation can take place, and often does take place, alongside practice
The limits of my language are the limits of my world
No full textA profession from a mere private teacher to an International Linguistic Author, Rituparna Ray Chaudhuri, whom Literary World often calls an “innate creator” or ‘Divine Vengeance’, has proved herself when she had won to her surprise Harvard World Records and London Book of World Record. Living now in a suburb called Madhyamgram (West Bengal), this Semantic Scholar and Writer on English and British Literature, has widely-acclaimed her name in World of Literature with title ‘Blood is Memory without Language: A Litterateur’ to The Daily Guardian. Precious Kashmir has called this Author, “Art is never finished; only abandoned” means “Artists are never really done with a project – there's always more that can be improved.
The limits of my language are the limits of my world
No full textA profession from a mere private teacher to an International Linguistic Author, Rituparna Ray Chaudhuri, whom Literary World often calls an “innate creator” or ‘Divine Vengeance’, has proved herself when she had won to her surprise Harvard World Records and London Book of World Record. Living now in a suburb called Madhyamgram (West Bengal), this Semantic Scholar and Writer on English and British Literature, has widely-acclaimed her name in World of Literature with title ‘Blood is Memory without Language: A Litterateur’ to The Daily Guardian. Precious Kashmir has called this Author, “Art is never finished; only abandoned” means “Artists are never really done with a project – there's always more that can be improved.
On detection and assessment of statistical significance of Genomic Islands
No full textAbstract Background Many of the available methods for detecting Genomic Islands (GIs) in prokaryotic genomes use markers such as transposons, proximal tRNAs, flanking repeats etc., or they use other supervised techniques requiring training datasets. Most of these methods are primarily based on the biases in GC content or codon and amino acid usage of the islands. However, these methods either do not use any formal statistical test of significance or use statistical tests for which the critical values and the P-values are not adequately justified. We propose a method, which is unsupervised in nature and uses Monte-Carlo statistical tests based on randomly selected segments of a chromosome. Such tests are supported by precise statistical distribution theory, and consequently, the resulting P-values are quite reliable for making the decision. Results Our algorithm (named Design-Island, an acronym for Detection of Statistically Significant Genomic Island) runs in two phases. Some 'putative GIs' are identified in the first phase, and those are refined into smaller segments containing horizontally acquired genes in the refinement phase. This method is applied to Salmonella typhi CT18 genome leading to the discovery of several new pathogenicity, antibiotic resistance and metabolic islands that were missed by earlier methods. Many of these islands contain mobile genetic elements like phage-mediated genes, transposons, integrase and IS elements confirming their horizontal acquirement. Conclusion The proposed method is based on statistical tests supported by precise distribution theory and reliable P-values along with a technique for visualizing statistically significant islands. The performance of our method is better than many other well known methods in terms of their sensitivity and accuracy, and in terms of specificity, it is comparable to other methods.</p
Association of cholera toxin with Vibrio cholerae outer membrane vesicles which are internalized by human intestinal epithelial cells
No full textAbstractCholera toxin (CT) is the major virulence factor of pathogenic Vibrio cholerae. The present study demonstrates that a fraction of CT is associated with the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) released by V. cholerae. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and also transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of purified OMVs from toxigenic V. cholerae O395 revealed spherical shaped vesicles of size range 20–200nm. Immunoblotting of purified OMVs with polyclonal anti-CT antibody and GM1-ganglioside dependent ELISA suggest that CT is associated with OMVs. CHO cell assay indicated that OMV associated CT is physiologically active. OMVs labeled with fluorescent dye interacted with intestinal epithelial cells via the CT-receptor and were internalized increasing the cAMP level. Thus OMVs may represent an important vehicle in delivering CT to epithelial cells
An approach for the identification of microRNA with an application to Anopheles gambiae
No full textMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of 20-27 nt long noncoding RNAs, involved in post-transcriptional regulation of genes in eukaryotes. These miRNAs are usually highly conserved between the genomes of related organisms and their pre-miRNA transcript, about 60-120 nt long, forms extended stem-loop structure. Keeping these facts in mind miRsearch is developed which relies on searching the homologues of all known miRNAs of one organism in the genome of a related organism allowing few mismatches depending on the phylogenetic distance between them, followed by assessing for the capability of formation of stem-loop structure. The precursor sequences so obtained were then screened through the RNA folding program MFOLD selecting the cut-off values on the basis of known Drosophila melanogaster pre-miRNAs. With this approach, about 91 probable candidate miRNAs along with pre-miRNAs were identified in Anopheles gambiae using known D. melanogaster miRNAs. Out of these, 41 probable miRNAs have 100% similarity with already known D. melanogaster miRNAs and others were found to be at least 85% similar to the miRNAs of various other organisms
Vibrio cholerae O395 Outer Membrane Vesicles Modulate Intestinal Epithelial Cells in a NOD1 Protein-dependent Manner and Induce Dendritic Cell-mediated Th2/Th17 Cell Responses
No full textVibrio cholerae, the etiologic agent of cholera, secretes outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that are internalized
into host cells. OMVs activate an inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial cells (ECs) via a NOD1-dependent pathway thatactivates dendritic cells (DCs) and promotes T cell polarization toward Th2/Th17 responses.
OMVs stimulate EC-DC cross-talk in generating an inflammatory response.Findings are important for the development of efficient vaccine strategies with OMV
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