1,721,001 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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Utilizing the All of Us Research Program : exploring the use of wearable activity trackers in adults with heart failure
Get PDFHeart Failure (HF) continues to be a social and economic problem in the United States (US). Interventions to improve outcomes have focused on reducing 30-day readmissions while concerns remain with increasing post-discharge mortality and 60- and 90-day readmission rates. Self-care interventions are essential to improve outcomes, yet there remain issues with the sustained engagement of behavioral changes. Activity trackers have been shown to increase physical activity for adults with HF; however, questions remain if they motivate individuals for sustained engagement over time as well as influence health care utilization and quality of life (QoL). This study aims to understand the overall impact of wearable activity trackers as a self-care tool on health behaviors and health outcomes in adults with HF using the All of Us dataset. Firstly, a systematic review examined six research articles using a Fitbit or Apple Watch as an intervention in adults with HF. Study participants improved or had no change from baseline in QoL, health behaviors (steps/day or general daily activity), and physical parameters (6MWT, weight, or blood pressure); not all results were statistically significant. Subsequently, a cross-sectional analysis of the All of Us Research Program participant data (survey responses, Fitbit, and electronic health record [EHR] data) of adults with HF (n = 93) was conducted. Multiple linear regression was performed to predict scores for Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health Short Form subscale scores for Physical Health and Mental Health based on Fitbit usage (duration and level of activity), social support, perceived stress, food security, and neighborhood safety. People with HF and reported Fitbit use (n = 93) and lack of reported perceived stress (B = -0.312, p = .022) and level of activity (B = 3.868, p= 0.044) were significant predictors for Physical Health. Perceived stress (B= -0.689, p < 0.001) was a significant predictor of Mental Health. Fitbit users (n = 93) were compared to non-reported users (n = 1,577) and the analysis failed to demonstrate a difference in days hospitalized and self-reported Physical Health and Mental Health. Finally, the last aim of this dissertation was to demonstrate methods for using the All of Us Research Program in a nursing dissertation by providing a step-by-step guide for designing a research project, exemplar R codes for calculating outcome scores such as PROMIS Global Health, and a review of the facilitators and barriers encountered. This dissertation advances science in several ways, including (1) addressing personalized self-care strategies important for developing precision health interventions in adults with HF, (2) providing a longitudinal perspective on the influence of Fitbit usage in adults with HF, and (3) providing a guide for nursing doctoral students to utilize the All of Us Research Program in dissertation studies.Nursin
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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Modifiable contributors to cognition in breast cancer survivors
Get PDFCognitive dysfunction following breast cancer treatment is a serious and pervasive problem. The underlying mechanisms of cancer related cognitive impairments remain unclear, but there is consensus within the scientific community that the causes are multifactorial. This non-experimental, cross-sectional study is an analysis of data from 75 breast cancer survivors six months to 10 years post chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to identify modifiable psychosocial and behavioral factors that may contribute to cognitive function both directly and indirectly through inflammatory mediators. Non-linear regression models were used to determine whether stress, perceived social isolation, physical activity, sleep quality, and inflammation are significant predictors of cognitive function. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to determine the unique variance of cognitive function (perceived and performance) explained by the predictor variables. Non-parametric regression was used to illustrate the complex relationships between the psychosocial and behavioral factors and cytokines, and between the cytokines and cognitive outcomes. Mediation analyses were used to gain a better understanding of how the psychosocial variables influence perceived cognitive function. The findings from this study suggest that perceived stress and loneliness contribute to perceived cognitive functioning in breast cancer survivors but that elevated IL-6 and TNF-α do not mediate these effects. Non-parametric regression graphing illustrated that the cytokines were related to the predictor variables and that cognitive outcomes were related to the cytokines but that the relationships varied in direction and magnitude across levels. This study provides new knowledge on inflammation and cognitive function six months to 10 years after breast cancer chemotherapy using a biobehavioral model to simultaneously evaluate modifiable psychosocial and behavioral factors that contribute to cognitive function in breast cancer survivors. Findings from this study provide initial evidence for needed future prospective and translational studies to improve cognitive function in breast cancer survivorsNursin
Default mode network as a potential biomarker of chemotherapy-related brain injury
No full textAbstractChronic medical conditions and/or their treatments may interact with aging to alter or even accelerate brain senescence. Adult onset cancer, for example, is a disease associated with advanced aging and emerging evidence suggests a profile of subtle but diffuse brain injury following cancer chemotherapy. Breast cancer is currently the primary model for studying these “chemobrain” effects. Given the widespread changes to brain structure and function as well as the common impairment of integrated cognitive skills observed following breast cancer chemotherapy, it is likely that large-scale brain networks are involved. Default mode network (DMN) is a strong candidate considering its preferential vulnerability to aging and sensitivity to toxicity and disease states. Additionally, chemotherapy is associated with several physiological effects including increased inflammation and oxidative stress that are believed to elevate toxicity in the DMN. Biomarkers of DMN connectivity could aid in the development of treatments for chemotherapy-related cognitive decline
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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